Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2010 (vol. 58), issue 5
ANALÝZA BARVY DŘEVA A JEJÍ ZMĚNY VLIVEM SIMULOVANÉHO SLUNEČNÍHO ZÁŘENÍ U TROPICKÝCH DŘEV
Colour of tropical wood and discolouration due to simulated sunlight
Jana Baar, Vladimír Gryc
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 13-20 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050013 
This study investigated the wood surface discolouration due to simulated sunlight of three tropical woods native in South America. These woods are commonly used in the Czech Republic. Wood of jatoba (Hymenea courbaril L.), massaranduba (Manilkara bidentata A. Chev.) and tigerwood (Astronium graveolens Jacq.) was exposed to treatment by light of xenon-arc lamp, which simulates outdoor sunlight, for 144 hours. Colour measurements of exposed and non-exposed areas of samples were performed by means of spectrophotometer measuring in CIEL*a*b* colour system. The resulting wood discolouration was evaluated according to value of the overall...
Interspecifické vs. tradiční odrůdy pro výrobu rosé vín
Interspecific vs. traditional varieties for rosé wines production
Mojmír Baroň, Michal Kumšta, Petra Bábíková, Radek Sotolář
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 21-26 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050021
This study was aimed on comparison of interspecific and traditional varieties suitable for rosé wines production. For samples of wines - 'Laurot', 'Cerason', 'Merlan', three interspecific Czech varieties and 'St. Laurent', 'Blaufränkisch' two traditional varieties and furthermore new Slovak variety 'Nitra' and Austrian 'Blauer Wildbacher' were carried out measurements of fundamental analytical values. Furthermore, total and individual phenolic compounds, total anthocyanins, optical density at 280 nm (OD280), total flavanols, reducing power and antiradical activity were determined. The results show that most phenolic compounds and highest...
Fytoextrakce těžkých kovů z odpadních kalů rostlinami
Phytoextraction of heavy metals from sewage sludge by plants
Jaroslava Bartlová, Barbora Badalíková, Jan Hrubý, Vasil Gjurov
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 27-34 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050027
In 2008 and 2009, studies made contents of cadmium and lead in the soil and their uptake by non-traditional plants were studied in a small-plot trial. At the same time also the effect of bio-algeen preparations on phytoextraction of heavy metals by these plants was investigated. Experimental plots were established on the reclaimed land after closing down mining operations in the town of Žacléř (North-East Bohemia) where a layer of sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant 0.6-0.8 m thick was subsequently applied. The locality is situated in the altitude of 612 m, its average annual temperature is about 6.8 °C and the mean annual precipitations...
Výsledky fenologické studie u mladého smrku ztepilého (Picea abies /L./ Karst.)
Results of a phenological study at a young Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst)
Emilie Bednářová, Lucie Merklová, Sabina Truparová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 35-42 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050035
The paper deals with results of phenological studies of Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) in a mixed stand. This broad range was important in spring phenological stages. High correlations were determined between the mean air temperature, soil temperature and the start of phenological stages. Relationships between the onset of phenological stages and changes in meteorological parameters were expressed by the sum of effective air temperatures exceeding 0 and 5 °C. To evaluate the relationships by means of the sum of effective temperatures >5 °C, the stage of budbreak was most important.The onset of budbreak in Norway spruce occurred...
VLIV VÍCEČETNÉHO PORODU NA NÁSLEDUJÍCÍ PRODUKČNÍ A REPRODUKČNÍ ZNAKY HOLŠTÝNSKÉHO SKOTU
The influence of multiple births on subsequent production and reproduction traits in Holstein cattle
Jiří Bezdíček, Jan Říha
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 43-48 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050043
The aim of this study was to evaluate production and reproduction parameters after the birth of twins in holstein cattle (H = 100 %). Evaluation was made in terms of days open (the period between calving and conception; DO), milk production (kg of milk; % of fat, protein and lactose; kg of fat and protein; somatic cell count) and frequence of culling after the birth of twins. Milk production following the birth of twins was compared with milk production in controls matched on characteristics such as identical father, mother reaching the same breeding value of milk kg (± 10 %), evalued lactation occurring on the same farm, in the same year and...
Vliv skladování na obsah aminokyselin v hlízách brambor
The effect of storage on the amino acids composition in potato tubers
Monika Černá, Stanislav Kráčmar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 49-56 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050049
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of storage duration on amino acids content in potato tubers. Tubers of six cultivars were stored for 16 weeks. Crude protein was determined by the Kjeldahl method. The amino acid content was identified after acid hydrolysis; sulphur amino acids were oxidized with the mixture of hydrogen peroxide, formic acid and phenol. The essential amino acids index and chemical score was calculated. The whole egg protein was used as reference protein. The effect of storage duration and cultivar on the total amino acids content was found to be significant in all potato varieties. The level of the total amino acids...
VIZUALIZACE PITTINGOVÉHO PROCESU
Pitting process visualization
Michal Černý, Josef Filípek, Roman Požár
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 57-66 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050057
The paper describes time-domain simulation of gear pitting damage using animation program. Key frames have been used to create illusion of motion. The animation uses experimental results of high-cycle fatigue of material. The fatigue damage occurs in the nominal creep area on the side of the gear tooth sample loaded with variable-positioned Hertz pressure. By applying the force, the pressure cumulates between two convex surfaces. This phenomenon results in material damage under of curved surfaces in contact. Moreover, further damage has been registered on the surface. This is due to exceeding the elastic-plastic state limit and development of "tabs"....
Rozdíly v reologickém profilu motorové nafty a bionafty B30
Differences in rheological profile of regular diesel and bio-diesel fuel
Jiří Čupera, Pavel Sedlák, Petr Karafiát
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 67-74 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050067
Biodiesel represents a promising alternative to regular fossil diesel. Fuel viscosity markedly influences injection, spraying and combustion, viscosity is thus critical factor to be evaluated and monitored. This work is focused on quantifying the differences in temperature dependent kinematic viscosity regular diesel fuel and B30 biodiesel fuel. The samples were assumed to be Newtonian fluids. Viscosity was measured on a digital rotary viscometer in a range of 0 to 80 °C. More significant difference between minimum and maximum values was found in case of diesel fuel in comparison with biodiesel fuel. Temperature dependence of both fuels was modeled...
VYUŽITÍ KVASINKOVÉ KULTURY VE VÝŽIVĚ LAKTUJÍCÍCH DOJNIC
The use of yeast culture in feeding of dairy cows
Petr Doležal, Jan Dvořáček, Jitka Dvořáčková, Roman Poštulka, Jan Doležal, Katarzyna Szwedziak
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 75-82 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050075
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I - 1077) addition in the diet of dairy cows on their rumen fermentation. Animals received a diet consisting of good maize silage with a higher dry matter content (18 kg), 6 kg of lucerne haylage, 5 kg of pea - silage, 3 kg of ensiled high moisture crimped corn, 1 kg of meadow hay, rape-cake 1 kg, brewer's grain silage 4 kg, and 8.0 kg feed mixture. The yeast culture was added to the mixture in the dose 2.8*1010 cfu/day and cow. The supplement of yeast culture showed a positive effect on ruminal VFA production by experimental group...
Determinace spekter virulence vybraných izolátů Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
Virulence spectra determination in selected Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei isolates
Antonín Dreiseitl, Petra Adamcová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 83-90 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050083
Virulence spectra for 14 isolates of the barley powdery mildew pathogen considered to be added to the pathogen genebank were determined. The isolates were obtained from a sample of aerial pathogen population collected across the Czech Republic in 2009. The spectra were determined on 28 barley varieties, possessing mostly specific resistance genes and inoculated with the isolates examined. Based on differentiation among each other, all 14 isolates showed their originality. None of the isolates exhibited increased pathogenicity to a variety with the non-specific resistance gene mlo9. All isolates were virulent on varieties carrying specific resistance...
Vztahy mezi teplotou a vlhkostí vně a uvnitř stáje pro dojnice s trvale otevřenými stěnami
The relationships between temperature and humidity outside and inside the permanently open-sided cow's barn
Miljan Erbez, Daniel Falta, Gustav Chládek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 91-96 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050091
The aim of this research was to estimate relations between temperature and humidity outside and inside of a permanently open sides barn for cows. This study was carried out in the period from February 1st, 2009 to January 31st, 2010 at a commercial dairy farm located in the South-Moravian region of the Czech Republic. During the study period temperature and humidity inside and outside the barn were systematically assessed. The research batch had 98 ± 3 cows. The barn had permanently open sides and during summer the main doors were mostly open. The cows in the research barn were of Czech Fleckvieh breed. The air temperature...
NEZBYTNÁ VÝMĚRA PŮDY PRO PLÁN SPOLEČNÝCH ZAŘÍZENÍ POZEMKOVÝCH ÚPRAV A JEJÍ ZÁVISLOST
Land need assessment for the project of common facilities and its dependence
Richard Filip, Jana Podhrázská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 97-106 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050097
The project of common facilities is a very important part of the process of land arrangement. It helps to ensure a lot of public functions, for example permeability of landscape, to preserve fertility of soil, to decrease surface outflow and prevention from floods, the protection and production of environment etc. It is essential to ensure sufficient land area to be able to suggest and carry out such plans of common facilities. It will be more and more difficult to ensure this plan due to the fact that the state-owned land is still decreasing. In the areas where the state-owned land still exists, it could be possible to reserve the part of these areas...
Využití metody měření fluorescence chlorofylu ke stanovení fytotoxicity mesotrione u máku setého (Papaver somniferum) ve vztahu k aplikačním faktorům
Use of the method of measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence to determine the phytotoxicity of mesotrione in poppy (Papaver somniferum) in relation to application factors
Jana Filová, Vojtěch Kocurek, Vladimír Smutný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 107-116 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050107
The aim of the research work was to evaluate phytotoxicity of mesotrione in poppy (Papaver somniferum). The amount of spraying water (150, 300 and 450 l per hectare) was compared as well. In the end, the different growth stimulators (Atonik - 0.6 l.ha-1, Route - 0.8 l.ha-1) and the adjuvants (Atplus 463 - 0.5% solution, Silwet 77 - 0.1 l.ha-1) wre tested. Degree of phytotoxicity of individual variants was assessed by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence (parameter: maximum quantum yield of electron transport in photosystem II - QY) in 1st to 21st day after treatment. The results showed that the application of mesotrione...
Identifikace fosilních kmenů z lokality Bükkábrány, nyní uložených v přírodní paleontologické rezervaci v Ipolytarnóci v severním Maďarsku
Identification of fossil trunks from Bükkábrány newly installed in the Visitor Centre of the Ipolytarnóc Fossils Nature Reserve (Novohrad - Nógrád Geopark) in Northern Hungary
Vladimír Gryc, Jakub Sakala
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 117-122 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050117
The Late Miocene forest was discovered in the opencast lignite mine of Bükkábrány which is situated in the foothills of the Bükk Mountains (NE Hungary). Sixteen stumps were exposed upright in 2007 at their original position. Five stumps were installed in the Ipolytarnóc Fossils Nature Reserve. They are identified in the present paper. The wood of one fossil trunk (No. 1) has been identified as Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii, which represents the wood of Glyptostrobus. Its main microscopic features are: visible growth rings, gradual transition between early- and late wood, rather small opposite bordered pits in 1-2 loosely spaced vertical...
ANALÝZA VÝSLEDKŮ KALIBRACÍ PRO STANOVENÍ KASEINU NEPŘÍMOU METODOU INFRAČERVENÉ SPEKTROSKOPIE
Analysis of calibration results for casein determination via indirect method of infrared spectroscopy
Oto Hanuš, Tao Yong, Josef Kučera, Václava Genčurová, Kristýna Hanušová, Tomáš Kopec, Jaroslav Kopecký, Radoslava Jedelská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 123-136 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050123
Casein measurement is important for cheesemaking and control of dairy cow nutrition. Reference Kjeldahl method is not suitable for routine purposes. Infra-red spectroscopy MIR and MIR-FT use can be a solutin. However, their casein specifity is relatively limited. Aim of the work was to assess the quality of performed calibrations for validation of calibration parameters. A retrospective analysis of MIR and MIR-FT calibrations was performed for estimation of limits their suitable parameters. Mean casein values of reference sample sets varied from 2.49 to 2.7% (2.61 ± 0.155). Mean variation range was 0.561 ± 0.164%. The mean correlation...
VZTAH KONCENTRACE ZDRAVOTNĚ VÝZNAMNÝCH SKUPIN MASTNÝCH KYSELIN KE SLOŽKÁM A TECHNOLOGICKÝM VLASTNOSTEM KRAVSKÉHO MLÉKA
Relationship between concentration of health important groups of fatty acids and components and technological properties in cow milk
Oto Hanuš, Eva Samková, Jiří Špička, Kamila Sojková, Kristýna Hanušová, Tomáš Kopec, Marcela Vyletělová, Radoslava Jedelská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 137-154 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050137
Groups of fatty acids (FAs) in milk fat can have positive and negative impact on consumer health. Profile of FAs could be influenced by dairy cow nutrition, breed, milk yield level et cetera. The question is what relationships the FAs could have to quality of milk products? Relationships between FAs and their groups to selected milk indicators were studied in Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein cows (64 bulk milk samples). There were 8 herds in 2-year investigation during winter and summer season. The relationship of saturated FAs (SAFA; 66.22%) was significant only to lactose (L) content (0.290; P < 0.05). The relationships of monounsaturated FAs (MUFA;...
Histologická analýza svalov husí Landeského plemena
Histological analysis of muscles of Landes geese
Peter Haščík, Václav Kulíšek, Miroslava Kačániová, Jaroslav Pochop
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 155-160 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050155
The aim of this study was histological and histochemical analyze of musculus pectoralis major (MPM) and musculus biceps femoris (MBF) of 12-weeks old Landes geese husbandry by sex from Hruboňovo (Czech Republic). The geese had live weight of 3979.0 g and the ganders had live weight of 4779.0 g. Higher α White fiber percentage representation of musculus pectoralis major and musculus biceps femoris of 12-weeks old Landes geese histological analyses we followed. Representation of sex identical MBF was 60.0% (gander) and 64.1% (geese) and MPM was 47.6% (ganders) and 51.1% (geese). The lowest α Red fibre percentage...
Metodika a analýza potenciálu biomasy s využitím GIS v České republice
Methodology of analysis of biomass potential using GIS in the Czech Republic
Kamila Havlíčková, Jan Weger, Jana Šedivá
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 161-170 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050161
This article deals with the issue of a methodology for and analyzing biomass potential in the Czech Republic using a geographic information system. The biomass sources considered include cereal and rape straw, permanent grasslands and forest residuals. The process of assessing biomass potential from agricultural soils is based on assigning yields of individual biomass sources according to the production soil-ecological units (BPEJ) which were created for better agricultural planning in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The analysis of energy crop suitability is based on the evaluation of crop yields related to individual BPEJ's respectively to its component...
ANALÝZA SLOŽENÍ A TVORBY BIOPLYNU VZNIKAJÍCÍHO PŘI ZPRACOVÁNÍ BIOODPADŮ TECHNOLOGIÍ ANAEROBNÍ DIGESCE
Analysis of the composition and formation of biogas produced during the processing of biological waste by anaerobic digestion technologies
Lubomír Hnilica, Jiří Fryč, Bořivoj Groda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 171-178 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050171
This work compares the operating system of anaerobic fermentation of agricultural biogas plants with realization using biowaste. It deals with the operation system of anaerobic fermentation of agricultural biogas plants and implement an appropriate system to enable the use of biowaste. Based on the comparison of technological solutions and operational parameters of specific sites has been designed to allow the system biowaste were made a practical experiment to verify the assumption of increased biogas production. In experiments used substrates, which are industrially produced from the available bio-wastes, treated and then provide to operator of biogas...
VLIV SUŠENÝCH OBILNÝCH LIHOVARSKÝCH VÝPALKŮ VE SMĚSÍCH PRO BROJLERY NA JEJICH RŮSTOVÉ PARAMETRY
The influence of distillers dried grains with solubles in broiler's feed mixtures on their growth parameters
Šárka Hošková, A. Vašátková, P. Kratochvílová, M. Balabánová, M. Lichovníková, L. Zeman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 179-184 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050179
The effect of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in broiler feed mixtures on the performance was studied in an experiment with 1000 male broiler chickens Ross 308 from 12 to 35 days of age. DDGS were produced from wheat (90 %) and triticale (10 %). Cockerels were divided into 5 groups and were housed on deep litter. Experimental feed mixtures were formulated to contain: 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % DDGS and were calculated as iso-nitrogenous. Weighing of chickens was realized at the 12th, 26th and 35th day of age. Control group of cockerels (0 % DDGS) had the highest final live weight and its average daily weight...
Vztah mezi odstřeďováním a sušením kalu a organickými halogenidy
Relationship between centrifugation and drying of sludge and the organic halogens
Karel Hrich, Bořivoj Groda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 185-190 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050185
This work is focused on determination of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) concentration in the digested sludge from the sewage treatment plant and the losses of this component during dewatering and drying of sludge. Drying of the sludge from wastewater treatment plant is not extended too much in Czech Republic. In this work, the AOX are monitored, because AOX is one of the limits restraining use of the sludge on an agricultural land. Another reason is technological demand for using the sludge in cement processing, because chlorine in AOX can cause decrease in a heat transfer effect in a cement kiln. It is clear from the results that both centrifuged...
Pavouci (Araneida) Lesního lomu (Brno-Hády)
Spiders (Araneida) from the Lesní lom Quarry (Brno-Hády)
Vladimír Hula, Pavla Šťastná
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 191-202 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050191
Spiders were collected in a partially reclaimed limestone quarry in the stone massif Hády at Brno. Collections were performed utilizing pitfall traps in 8 areas (4 lines at quarry terraces, 2 lines in the reclaimed areas, and 2 lines in the immediate vicinity of the quarry) in 2008. In total 67 species were identified from the total number of 1357 specimens determined. In total 1010 specimens were young spiders. Of all the species three are among the vulnerable (Sitticus penicillatus, Dysdera ninnii, and Haplodrassus dalmatensis) and one species is endangered (Haplodrassus minor). The species belong to total number of 16...
Organické látky v kořenových exsudátech rostliny Miscanthus × Giganteus a limitace aktivity mikroorganismů v rhizosférní půdě této rostliny minerálními živinami
Organic compounds in root exudates of Miscanthus × Giganteus greef et deu and limitation of microorganisms in its rhizosphere by nutrients
Hana Kaňová, Joffrey Carre, Valerie Vranová, Klement Rejšek, Pavel Formánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 203-208 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050203
This study was conducted to determine the composition of sugars and organic acids in root exudates of Miscanthus × Giganteus and to find out if microorganisms of the rhizospheric soil are limited by mineral nutrients. The following sugars and organic acids were determined in root exudates of this plant: glucose, saccharose, and acids such as succinic, propionic, citric, tartaric, malic, oxalic, ascorbic, acetic and fumaric. Respiration of soil from rhizosphere of Miscanthus × Giganteus was found to be limited by N, K and Ca. Respiration rate after application of mineral compounds increased in following orther: nitrate >...
Reprodukční aktivita žab Dendrobates auratus Girard při chovu v zajetí
Reproductive activity of the frog Dendrobates auratus Girard in captivity breeding
Romana Křížová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 209-222 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050209
Research of the reproduction activities of Dendrobates auratus Girard, 1855 is part of a broader analysis of the problems encountered when keeping frogs from the family Dendrobatidae in captivity. The aim is to achieve an optimization of measures for successful breeding of these amphibians, for both the amateur hobbyist and conservationist alike. Due to the wide area they have colonized, many colour variations exist; the reproduction parameters of six differently coloured examples of the species were tracked. The collection of data happened in standardized conditions over two consecutive years (2007, 2008) and was aimed at measuring five indicators...
KATEGORIE POZEMKŮ V NÁRODNÍ INVENTARIZACI LESŮ ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY
Land category in the National Forest Inventory of the Czech Republic
Miloš Kučera
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 223-232 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050223
The article deals with the land categorization with special focus on the definition of category FOREST in the National Forest Inventory of the Czech Republic (NFI CR). Definitions of land categories used in the first cycle of forest inventory in 2001-2004 are evaluated. The first task is to assess the appropriateness of existing land categorization and definition of category FOREST in terms of suitability of used parameters defining individual categories and their values. Their compatibility with international definitions of category FOREST is also assessed. The second task is, based on data from the first cycle of NFI CR, to calculate the area of...
RŮST JEHŇAT KŘÍŽENCŮ PLEMEN ROMANOVSKÁ, SUFFOLK A CHAROLLAIS - VLIV POHLAVÍ, ČETNOSTI VRHU A SEZONY
Growth of lambs of crossbreeds of Romanov, Suffolk and Charollais breeds - effect of sex, litter size and season
Jan Kuchtík, Igor Dobeš, Zdeňka Hegedűšová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 233-238 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050233
The aim of the study was the evaluation of the growth of the lambs crossbreeds of Romanov breed (RO), Suffolk (SF) and Charollais (CH) reared on the organic sheep farm in Kuklík. Following genotypes and effects were evaluated: CH × RO: n = 10, RO: n = 37, RO × (SF × RO): n = 12, SF × (SF × RO): n = 11 and SF × RO: n = 64, sex (males: n = 79, females: n = 55), litter size (singles: n = 16, twins: n = 55, triples and multipath (n = 63) and season of rearing of lambs (winter: n = 84, summer: n = 50). The crossbreeds had a significant effect on all live weights (LWs) and daily gains (DGs) under study. The highest DGs in all periods were found in SF × (SF...
NANOTEXTILNÍ MEMBRÁNY PRO ZACHYCENÍ BAKTERIÍ Escherichia coli
Nanotextile membranes for bacteria Escherichia coli capturing
Jaroslav Lev, Libor Kalhotka, Michal Černý
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 239-246 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050239
The article describes an experimental study dealing with the possibility of nanotextile materials usage for microbiologically contaminated water filtration. The aim of the study is to verify filtration ability of different nanotextile materials and evaluate the possibilities of practical usage. Good detention ability of these materials in the air filtration is the presumption for nanotextile to be used for bacteria filtration from a liquid. High nanotextile porosity with the nanotextile pores dimensions smaller than a bacteria size predicates the possibility of a successful usage of these materials. For the experiment were used materials made from...
Efekt půdní aplikace zeolitu, agrisorbu a lignitu na chemické složení jetelotravních směsí v aridních podmínkách jižní Moravy
The effect of soil applications of zeolite, agrisorb and lignite on the chemical composition of clover-grass mixtures grown in arid conditions of South Moravia
Tomáš Lošák, Jaroslav Hlušek, Jiří Jandák, Radek Filipčík, Marie Straková, Ľubica Janků, Helena Hutyrová, Daniela Knotová, Martin Lošák, Magdalena Ševčíková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 247-254 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050247
The two-year field trial was established in May 2008 on light soil in the cadastre of Ratíškovice near Hodonín in an arid maize-growing production area. Prior to sowing selected soil conditioners were applied in experimental plots of an area of 864 m2 as follows: zeolite (a mineral of high sorption capacity), lignite (the youngest coal containing humus substances) and the supplementary soil substance agrisorb (polymer organic compound capable of holding in its structure and subsequently releasing water) and they were incorporated into a profile of 0.15 m. Including the untreated control the experiment involved 4 treatments. The rates of...
Zatížení ekosystému středního toku řeky Jihlavy těžkými kovy
Heavy metal pollution of ecosystem within the middle course of the Jihlava River
Josef Makovský, Petr Spurný, Jan Mareš, Josef Hedbávný, Tomáš Vítek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 255-262 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050255
The monitoring of the contents of heavy metal pollutants: total Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn in fish muscle, water, bottom sediments and zoobenthos was realised in May and July of 2007 on two localities: Vladislav, upstream the Dalešice and Mohelno dam reservoirs (Czech Republic), and Hrubšice downstream them. Samples of fish muscle were taken from chub (Leuciscus cephalus), barbel (Barbus barbus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario). Water, bottom sediments and zoobenthos samples were taken as representative ones from both localities. The samples were analysed with the apparatus AMA 254, AA-300 and SPECTR AA-30. In...
STANOVENÍ POTENCIÁLNÍ RETENCE POVODÍ ŘEKY FRYŠÁVKY
Determination of potential retention of the Fryšávka River basin
Tomáš Mašíček, František Toman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 263-270 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050263
Hydrological models provide design parameters for the design of flood control measures. Runoff from the river basin is primarily determined by the amount of rainfall and water retention of the river basin. The Fryšávka River basin was chosen to determine the potential water retention of the river basin. Before the determination of potential retention preparatory work was carried out: description of the current state of land cover based on a detailed field survey, the representation of hydrological soil groups in the basin found in BPEJ (Bonitované půdně ekologické jednotky - Valuated land-ecological units) maps, delimitation of basin parts by the digital...
Relaxace sil v sýru Eidamského typu během jeho zrání
Changes in the force relaxation of Edam cheese during ripening
Šárka Nedomová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 271-280 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050271
The present study was performed to determine the influence of fat content and ripening time on changes in the viscoelastic properties and, separately, in the viscous and elastic properties of Edam cheese, based namely on the results of a stress-relaxation test. In order to obtain some more detail inside on the cheese rheological behaviour a limited number of the mechanical tests under compression has been performed. The significant effect of the loading rate has been demonstrated. The main aim was to describe the experimental results in terms of the semi-empirical Maxwell model, which describe the rheological properties of cheese during ripening. Results...
Hodnocení zrání sýru typu Brie pomocí penetračních testů
Evaluation of Brie cheese maturity from indentation test
Šárka Nedomová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 281-288 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050281
Rheological properties of Brie cheese with different time of ripening (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 weeks) were evaluated. This evaluation has been performed using the indentation test at the constant speed of the indentor penetration (20 mm/min). Two types of the indentors (bar and ball) have been used. The hardness of the cheese increased during the first three weeks of the ripening and than it decreased. The properties evaluated from the indentation test approved the isotropic behaviour of the tested cheese. The viscoelastic properties of the tested cheese have been obtained. The se properties were achieved using a methodology enabling to convert the...
VLIV ZVOLENÝCH FAKTORŮ NA SÍLU SVALOVÝCH VLÁKEN PODLE POHLAVNÍ PŘÍSLUŠNOSTI JATEČNÉHO SKOTU
The influence of selected factors on the muscle fibre diameter according to the sexual classification of slaughter cattle
Kateřina Němcová, Jan Šubrt, Eliška Dračková, Radek Filipčík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 289-298 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050289
The aim of this study was to evaluate the muscle fibre diameter of bulls (n = 136), heifers (n = 38) and steers (n = 18). The influence of age at slaughter, weight at slaughter, net daily weight gain, SEUROP meatiness and SEUROP fatness on the muscle fibre diameter was observed. The group of animals included Czech Red Pied and its crossbreeds (F1) with the specialized meat breeds (Charolais and Galloway), further crossbreeds of hybrid bulls. Bulls were slaughtered at an average age of 587 days and average weight of 610 kg. The average age of heifers was 644 days and average weight at slaughter was 550 kg. The highest average age was that...
Sekundární sukcese spontánní flóry po odlesnění a samozalesnění
Secondary succession of spontaneous flora after deforestation and self-reforestation
Ján Novák, P. Obtulovič, J. Nemeš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 299-306 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050299
The experimental plots are located on a farm in a mountainous area at an altitude of 845 m above the sea level with the soil type cambisol. After leaving pasture grassland in about 50 years created a forest community with 45.06 per cent share of woody plants. After it has been deforested was doing research on a variant grazing with Charolais cattle and compared with deforested grassland without management leaving the development without human intervention. On the variant without management for three years we recorded 58 plant species with woody plants. Cover of grasses was reduced, for example Agrostis capillaris L. from 15 to 0.78% and Festuca...
Úspěšné přijetí matky ve včelstvu s matkou
Queen introduction into the queenright honey bee colony
Antonín Přidal, Jiří Svoboda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 307-312 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050307
One of the actual elementary biologic principles of the introduction of queen is that the recipient colony has to be queenless. We accidentally found that a queen can be accepted also in queenright colony with using of the queen excluder. Therefore, we conducted two experiments with the introduction of queen in queenright colony.Under defined conditions of the experiment and with application of the queen excluder as a separator of queens we successfully introduced queen in the queenright colony. This result is discussed in relation to the general principle that a queen should be introduced only in a queenless colony. It is possible that there are...
Porovnání aktuálního a predikovaného obsahu aminokyselin v duodenální trávenině laktujících dojnic
Comparison of actual and predicted amino acid contents in the duodenal digesta of dairy cows
Michal Richter, Jiří Třináctý, Ludmila Křížová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 313-320 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050313
In this experiment on three dairy cows with the ruminal and duodenal T-cannulas, the actual and predicted amino acid (AA) profiles of the protein fraction flowed to the small intestine were compared. The prediction was calculated by two methods: with the use of mean published AA profile of microbial protein and of experimentally determined one. The actual AA profile of digesta protein was corrected for glycine (Gly) of bile origin. In comparison to the published AA profile of microbial protein the use of the actual one did not contribute to an improvement of prediction accuracy (mean prediction error: 7.36 vs. 7.54 %, respectively). Inaccurate determination...
Numerická analýza ozubového spoje vyrobeného CNC technologií
Finite element analysis of dovetail joint made with the use of CNC technology
Václav Sebera, Milan Šimek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 321-328 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050321
The objective of the paper is the parametrization and the finite element analysis of mechanical properties of a through dovetail joint made with the use of a specific procedure by a 3-axis CNC machine. This corner joint was used for the simulation of the bending load of the joint in the angle plane - by compression, i.e. by pressing the joint together. The deformation fields, the stress distribution, the stiffness and the bending moment of the joints were evaluated. The finite element system ANSYS was used to create two parametric numerical models of the joint. The first one represents an ideally stiff joint - both joint parts have been glued together....
Vliv druhu a ošetření na kvalitu a zdravotní bezpečnost travních siláží
Influence of species and preservations on the quality and safety of grass silages
Jiří Skládanka, Petr Doležal, Jan Nedělník, Hana Moravcová, Roman Poštulka, Ivo Vyskočil
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 329-336 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050329
The paper evaluates the quality of model silages made of wilted grass biomass and treated with silage additives. Grass species used for the production of silages were Lolium perenne, Festulolium pabulare and Festulolium braunii harvested in the first cut at the stage of earing. The assessed grass species were wilted after the cut for an identical time 36 hours (2008), resp. 24 hours (2009). The treatment was made either with a chemical preparation (formic acid, propionic acid, ammonium formate) and/or with a biological inoculant (Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus...
Nová uplatnění jetelovinotravních směsek ve struktuře pícnin na orné půdě
New uses of clover-grass mixtures in the structure of fodder crops on arable land
Jiří Sláma, Alois Kodeš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 337-344 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050337
The use of clover-grasses in the structure of fodder crops grown on arable soil, especially those with intergeneric hybrids as the main component part, could avert the negative current trend, i.e. further decreasing the area of perennial fodder plants or fodder crops as a whole on arable soil. They have an irreplaceable role in crop sequences and in preserving the cultural character of the countryside, above all due to the fact that they improve soil fertility and microbial life in the soil and that they have an excellent pre-produce value, and, at the same time, they are applied in various farming systems (both conventional and ecological) and in...
FYZIOLOGICKÉ POCHODY SOUVISEJÍCÍ S ROJENÍM VČELSTEV
Physiological processes related to the bee swarming
Jiří Svoboda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 345-354 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050345
One of the essential genetically subjected behaviours of a bee-colony is swarming. However, in the time of queen breeding and technical approach to colony division, swarming constitutes a problem in the effectiveness of controlled beekeeping and subsequently in decreasing of the attainable economic profits. The intensity of swarming is a polyfactorial phenomenon whose characteristic feature is seasonality (the availability of breed, course of weather) so the swarming intensity is different in particular years. This study is connected with the research carried out at the Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture at Mendel University...
POROVNÁNÍ PLEMENÍKŮ PODLE VÝSLEDKŮ JEJICH POTOMKŮ V KRITÉRIÍCH MLADÝCH KONÍ
Compare studhorse by results their progeny in Criteria of young horses
Lenka Šarovská, Lucie Walterová, Sylvie Krčová, Tomáš Černý, Iva Jiskrová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 355-360 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050355
The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare sires based on results of their offspring in the Criteria of Young Horses. The Criteria of Young Horses are intended for stallions and mares of 4 to 6 years of age. The competitions are announced by the Czech Equestrian Federation in co-operation with breeders' associations of the Bohemian warm-blood, Slovakian warm-blood, Kinský horse and Moravian warm-blood breeds. The horses were evaluated in the arena by the assessor and given three marks: for show jumping, agility and readiness of the horse. Data were obtained in co-operation with the Czech Equestrian Federation. Evaluated were the results...
NUMERICKÝ MODEL PRO PARAMETRICKÉ STUDIE VOZOVEK LESNÍCH ODVOZNÍCH CEST
The numerical model for parametric studies of forest haul roads pavements
Lenka Ševelová, Alice Kozumplíková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 361-368 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050361
Forest roads pavement structures are considered to be low volume roads. These roads serve as a mean of transport of wood and people. Besides they are currently often used for recreational purpose. The construction of the pavements should be suitable for forest transportation irrespective of their low bearing capacity. These pavement structures are very specific for special unbound materials that are used in their construction. To meet the requirements of the pavement designs and simulation analysis the FEM model in the software ANSYS was created.This paper compares two material models used for the description of the behaviour of unbound materials....
Účinek vybraných obilnin obsažených v krmné dávce na obsah aminokyselin v mléce
The effect of selected cereals contained in feed ration on the amino acid composition of cows' milk
Markéta Šípalová, Oto Hanuš, František Buňka, Jan Pozdíšek, Vladimír Mrkvička, Stanislav Kráčmar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 369-376 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050369
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of maize replacement in feeding rations on the amino acid content in cows' milk. Cows were fed total mix ration based on the maize, clover silage and hay. There was a difference in the concentrate of the feeding ration. The first group (fed maize) was the control group, another two groups were experimental, one fed wheat and second fed triticale. During six weeks, totally 26 milk samples were taken from dairy cows of Czech Pied breed. Feed groups were preferably balanced in terms of milk yield, stage and number of lactations. The samples of feedstuffs as well as milk were modified for the analysis...
Obsah vitaminu B2 (riboflavinu) v cereálních produktech
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) content in cereal products
Soňa Škrovánková, Pavlína Sikorová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 377-382 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050377
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is a water-soluble essential vitamin. Nowadays an increased risk for riboflavin deficiency may be seen in people on special diets (diabetes mellitus), smokers or heavy alcohol drinkers. In the Czech diet the main sources of the vitamin intake are milk and dairy products followed by cereals and meat. Cereals are good source of this vitamin as it is widely and regularly consumed in different forms. Analyses of the vitamin B2 content in different types of cereal products (flours, breads, pastries, breakfast cereals, cooked pasta) of Czech origin using HPLC with reversed phase and UV detection were done....
Vliv metod dlouhodobého ekologického a konvenčního hnojení na vybrané chemické vlastnosti půdy
Effect of long term organic and conventional fertilization method on chosen soil chemical properties
Józef Tyburski, Stanisław Sienkiewicz
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 383-390 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050383
The aim of the study was to compare a long term effect of oppositional fertilization methods, organic vs. conventional, on chosen soil chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from organic farms with at least 10-years history of organic management and from neighboring conventional farms. In total soil samples from 66 farms distributed all over Poland were collected. The following properties were analyzed: organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (Ntot), pH, exchangeable forms of P, K and Mg.In general organic management resulted in slightly higher soil pH. Bigger differences were found in case of C and N content. Thanks...
Efekt hnojení dusíkem a bórem na výnos a kvalitu řepkového semene
Effect of topdressing with nitrogen and boron on the yield and quality of rapeseed
Ladislav Varga, Otto Ložek, Ladislav Ducsay, Peter Kováčik, Tomáš Lošák, Jaroslav Hlušek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 391-398 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050391
Field trials with winter rape (Brassica napus L. var. napus) variety Rasmus were established in August in the years 2002-2004 at the experimental station in Kolíňany which belongs to the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. In the experiments we explore the effect of supplementary spring topdressing of rape with nitrogen and boron in the BBCH 29-30 stage with regard to the yields of seeds and their qualitative parameters (TSW, content of oil and crude protein). In the experiment we applied DAM-390 (solution of ammonium nitrate and urea, 30% N) at a rate of 30 kg N/ha and Humix Bór (humic acids + N, K, B) at a rate of 0.240 kg B/ha....
RYCHLOST VSAKU VODY DO PŮDY NA VYBRANÉ LOKALITĚ V ŽABČICÍCH V PRŮBĚHU VEGETAČNÍ SEZONY 2008
Rate of water infiltration into soil on a selected location at Žabčice during the growing season 2008
M. Vičanová, F. Toman, Bohdan Stejskal, T. Mašíček, J. Knotek, J. Kotovicová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 399-406 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050399
Purpose of currently running research, which is part of research program Biological and technological aspects of sustainability of controlled ecosystems and their adaptability to climate change at Faculty of Agronomy, is mapping of progress in water infiltration on selected areas at Žabčice locality and to specify possibilities of a water accumulation and retention influence in a landscape.During of the first year of measurement (2008), from April to November, has proceeded field measurement of soil infiltration ability at Žabčice locality. To get statistically conclusive results, measurement runs in three repetitions and data are subsequently...
Obsah senzoricky aktivních látek a chutnost různých typů jogurtů
The content of sensory active compounds and flavour of several types of yogurts
Eva Vítová, Libor Babák, Radka Mokáňová, Eva Hýsková, Jana Zemanová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 407-412 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050407
The aim of this work was to identify and quantify several sensory active compounds in various types of yogurts using gas chromatography and simultaneously to judge their influence on flavour of yogurts using sensory analysis. In total 4 types of white and 10 types of flavoured yogurts (creamy and low-fat) with various flavourings, produced in Dairy Valašské Meziříčí, Ltd., were analysed.The highest content of sensory active compounds (P < 0.05) was found in strawberry yogurts, with high amount of ethyl butyrate. Excepting ethanol no significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between low-fat and creamy varieties. The total content of sensory...
Uhlík, dusík, C/N a jejich stanovištní heterogenita v rozdílně obhospodařovaných smrkových porostech
Carbon, nitrogen, C/N ratio and their stand heterogeneity in the soil of Norway spruce stands
Valerie Vranová, Ladislav Holík, Tomáš Rohlík, Klement Rejšek, Pavel Formánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 413-416 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050413
This work is aimed to determine the effect of thinning of young spruce stands in Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts. on concentrations and relative stand heterogeneity of Cox, Nt and C/N in soil. Concentrations of Cox and Nt were significantly higher in individual horizons of forest humus floor. The thinning did not influence significantly (P > 0.05) concentrations of Cox, Nt and C/N ratio in particular soil horizons, with the exception of C/N ration in E horizon. Relative stand heterogeneity of the studied soil properties was mostly higher in soil of dense forest stand. The values of...
Detekce genů kódujících enterotoxiny Bacillus cereus pomocí PCR a jejich produktů metodou BCET-RPLA a ELISA assay
Detection of coding genes for enterotoxins in Bacillus cereus by PCR and their products by BCET-RPLA and ELISA Assay
Marcela Vyletělová, Juraj Banykó
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 417-426 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050417
Determination of enterotoxin production, diarrhoeal and emetic gene identification was studied in 41 Bacillus cereus strains isolated from raw cows' and raw goats' milk, pasteurized milk, dairy products during technological processing and from dairy plant equipment. Presence of enterotoxins was detected by BCET-RPLA (HBL) and ELISA immunoassay (NHE). Gene identification (nheA, nheB, nheC, hblA, hblC, hblD, bceT, cytK-1, cytK-2, entFM and ces) was achieved by means of PCR. Enterotoxin HBL was detected in 32 strains, enterotoxin NHE in all 41 strains. Presence of all...
Tolerance k chloróze vyvolané vápnem a k suchu u podnoží pro révu vinnou
Lime-induced chlorosis and drought tolerance of grapevine rootstocks
Pavel Pavloušek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 431-440 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050431
Due to the expansion of phylloxera into European vineyards rootstocks became an integral part of successful modern growing of grapevine. Breeding of rootstocks and their selection for resistance against both biotic and abiotic factors can be classified as a biotechnology. In this respect, the capability of grapevine plants to adapt themselves to pedological conditions, especially to drought and a high content of lime (or factors inducing their chlorosis) represents a very important breeding goal. In this survey possible causes of lime-induced chlorosis and drought damage and their consequences are analysed. Some important drought-and-lime induced chlorosis-related...
Dominantní aminokyseliny, organické kyseliny a cukry přítomné ve vodou rozpustných kořenových exsudátech rostlin C4 - mini review
Dominant amino acids, organic acids and sugars in water-soluble root exudates of C4 plants: a mini-review
Valerie Vranová, Hana Kaňová, Klement Rejšek, Pavel Formánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 441-446 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050441
The aim of this mini-review was to identify the dominant carbohydrates, organic acids and amino acids in water-soluble root exudates of plants which represent dominant compounds there. The study is focused on plants of C4-type of metabolism taking into account available literature. From group of carbohydrates, those dominant are represented glucose, fructose, arabinose and sucrose. Between dominant amino acids occurring in root exudates of C4-metabolism plants are alanine, serine, arginine, glutamine, glutamic and aspartic acid, glycine, proline, cystine, lysine and γ-aminobutyric acid. Citric, malic, tartaric, succinic,...