Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2018 (vol. 66), issue 4
The Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers and Different Localities on Crop Yield in Conditions of Organic Farming
Jiri Antosovsky, Pavel Ryant, Martin Prudil, Milan Gruber, Anna Hammerová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 843-851 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040843 
Nitrogen fertilization of plants during the vegetation is very problematic in terms of organic farming. The balanced crop rotation and versatile nutrition are essential for maintaining good yields and high-quality products. The application of organic fertilizers and incorporation of green manure crops are one of the best options for achieving optimal results in organic farming. The goal of this long-term research was to examine the effect of several different organic fertilizers and divergent experimental stations on crop yield in conditions of organic farming. a total of 6 variants of fertilization were evaluated in this experiment: 1. unfertilized,...
Initiation Plants and their Role in Treatment in the Vaupes Region, South America
Gabriel David Beltrán Zapata, Nohelia Andrea Castro Pineda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 853-857 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040853
In this article, we focus on plants used during initiation rites in Colombia. The aim of this paper is to describe the initiation plants of Cubeo and Curripaco people living in the Vaupés region.and explain how their application changed to be therapeutical only with the loss of rich cultural and ritual uses because the rites were abandoned by ethnic groups, who originally performed them. There are described plants of Cubeo and Curripaco people living in the Vaupés region. These ethnic groups are recognized to have an extensive knowledge on medicinal plants, venoms and aphrodisiacs. Finally, we declare that conservation tools and cross cultural research...
Determination of Chlorophyll and Carotenoids Present in the Seeds of the Plant Family Apiaceae and the Impact on Seed Quality
Marie Grulichová, Peter Mendel, Václav Trojan, Tomáš Vyhnánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 859-869 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040859
In this study, we assessed the content of chlorophyll a and b, β-carotene and lutein in seeds of carrot, celery, dill, parsley and parsnip commercial varieties by spectrophotometric method. It was determined that the content of chlorophyll a was higher than chlorophyll b and both differed significantly between plant species and varieties. The highest amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene and lutein were detected in parsley "Olomoucka dlouha". The lowest amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene and no lutein were detected in celery "Nuget", however, very...
Genotypic Differences in Root System Size in White Mustard in Relation to Biomass Yield and Soil Nitrogen Content
Martin Hajzler, Jana Klimešová, Petra Procházková, Tomáš Středa
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 871-881 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040871
Growing catch crops is one of the possible strategies to decrease erosion and nitrogen loss from soil profiles. Biomass yield and root system size have significant impacts on the soil nitrogen content. a three-year field experiment with eight varieties of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) was established to evaluate the effects of genotype and environment on biomass yield, soil nitrogen content and rooting parameters. Significant effects of genotype were found for root length density (RLD), root surface density (RSD) and specific root length (SRL) in the plow layer (0-20 cm) and for root system size (RSS), measured by electrical capacitance method,...
The Relations of Electric Conductivity with Physiological Characteristic of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) Seeds by Matriconditioning Invigoration Treatment when Stored
Puguh Bintang Pamungkas, Supriyono, Edi Purwanto
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 883-888 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040883
Invigoration can be applied prestorage treatment, midstorage treatment, and presowing treatment. The research was aimed to determine the relations of electric conductivity with viability on soybean seed after storage. The research was conducted from August 2017 to February 2018. This research was conducted by completed randomized design with factorial 2 factor and 3 replications, i.e time of invigoration and kind of invigoration. The observed variables i.e water content (WC), seed germination (SG), index vigor (IV), electric conductivity (EC). The result showed that WC, IV and EC which is not interactions between treatment, while SG showed that it...
Effect of Yeasts on the Aroma Profile of Sauvignon Blanc Varietal Wine
Božena Průšová, Jiří Sochor, Mojmír Baroň, Michal Kumšta
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 889-896 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040889
In this study effects of commercial yeast preparations on the aromatic profile of Sauvignon Blanc varietal wine were investigated. Grape juice was divided to 7 experimental variants and fermented spontaneously and using 6 commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In final wine samples, essential analytical parameters and selected aromatic compounds were analysed. The highest content of esters was found out in samples fermented by spontaneous micro-flora; in this case, concentrations of ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate and ethyl decanoate were 682 µg/L, 735 µg/L and 162 µg/L, respectively. The highest content of acetates was...
Analysis of Growth Intensity and Carcass Characteristics of Wagyu-Aberdeen Angus Crossbred Steers
Renata Toušová, Jaromír Ducháček, Matúš Gašparík, Martin Ptáček, Lubor Kitzler
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 897-903 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040897
The aim of this study was to evaluate growth ability (weight, daily weight gains) and selected carcass characteristics during fattening period of Wagyu × Aberdeen Angus crossbred steers (F1). A total of 72 animals were evaluated over a period of 4 years. The observed animals were monitored from rearing (8 months) to slaughter (30 months). Statistical evaluation was performed by SAS 9.3 (GLM procedure); variables were corrected for effects of the year, season of birth and sire effect. Sire effect proved to be the most significant in our evaluation. Offsprings sired by Bull 1 had significantly (P < 0.05) better growth ability than offsprings of other...
Diplolepis Rosae (L.) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): Development, Ecology and Galls in the Brno Region
Jaroslav Urban
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 905-925 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040905
The paper results from two years of studying development and formation of the galls of Diplolepis rosae (L.) on Rosa canina (L.) in the Brno region (Czech Republic). Following the extremely warm and dry growing season of 2015, 70 % of prepupae and 30 % of grown-up 2nd instar larvae hibernated. After the climatically milder growing period of 2016, only 47 % of prepupae and 53 % of grown-up larvae hibernated. Pupae were recorded from mid-March to mid-July and imagoes occurred from April to July. The average percentage of males in the populations was 4.5 %. Eggs were found in the galls from May to July. Larvae of the 1st...
Molecular Detection of Fungi in Paprika, Chili Powder and Black Pepper
Tomáš Vyhnánek, Pavel Hanáček, Ivana Šafránková, Biljana Đorđević, Helena Beranová, Václav Trojan, Ladislav Havel
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 927-937 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040927
Paprika powder, chili powder, and black pepper are among the most frequently used spices in the world. The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions were identified by high sequence similarity with the ITS regions of many microscopic fungi, especially representatives of the phylum Ascomycota, from 18 different spice samples that were examined. However, supplied quality certificates indicated that 10 of the 18 samples had no contamination present and were safe for human consumption. The various genera of fungi that were identified from the spices are considered to be a food safety concern as they are able to produce mycotoxins. Qualitative detection...
The Effect of Phytogenic Additive on Behavior During Mild-Moderate Heat Stress in Broilers
Vladimír Zmrhal, Martina Lichovníková, David Hampel
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 939-944 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040939
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phytogenic additive with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties on thermoregulatory behavior (lifting of the wings, high respiratory rate defined as open beaks) and water and feed intake in mild-moderate heat stressed Cobb 500 broiler chickens. From 28th day of chickens' age experimental group was supplemented with 0.1 % phytogenic additive based on Scutellaria baicalensis L. extract in the diet. At the age 30 days temperature was increased to 27 °C and kept the same till the end of experiment at 34 days of age. Ethological observation was performed 31st, 32nd...
Analysis of Rural Farm Households' Access to Formal Agricultural Credit in Yola South Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Amurtiya Michael, Yuniyus Dengle Giroh, Mark Polycarp, Zubairu Emmanuel Ashindo
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 947-954 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040947
The purpose of this study was to analyse rural farm households' access to formal agricultural credit in Yola South Local Government Area of Adamawa state, Nigeria. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the primary data collected using structured questionnaire (from 140 rural farming households). Findings from the study have shown that, 90 % of the respondents were male, mostly educated (70 %) and married (89 %) engaging in farming as their primary livelihood activity (about 81 %) with an average farm size of 2.47 hectares. The result of the binary logit regression has shown that level of education and income do influence access...
Conceptual Framework of Family Wineries in the Czech Republic: Results of a Qualitative Research Study
Anastasia Murínová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 955-967 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040955
The purpose of research is to understand the current situation and create a conceptual framework of a family business in the wine sector in the Czech Republic. Under this purpose, the following objectives were set: to find out the viability and usefulness of competitive tactics which influence the performance of micro and small family firms in the wine sector. These main competitive tactics have been established theoretically and require further practical confirmation. Another important partial objective was to verify the viability of family influence on the business performance in the framework of the study. Due to the lack of a sufficient theoretical...
Dissonance of Selected Neuroscience Techniques at Detection of Emotions in Advertising Spots
Katarína Neomániová, Jakub Berčík, Elena Horská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 969-977 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040969
In addition to advanced brain imaging techniques and growing interest in the study of consumer reactions with influence of marketing stimuli a new interdisciplinary study has developed on a borderland of neuroscience, economic and psychological studies - neuromarketing. Despite a certain form of insecurity whether the brain imaging technologies provide useful information for control of marketing, more and more marketers identify with their application in conventional market research. The main aim of this contribution is to clarify the influence of a selected advertising spot on the final emotional state of consumers by researching a brain activity...
A Review of the Suitability of Using Eco-Efficiency Principles in Managing Environmental Impacts of the Packaged Water Industry in Ghana
Ebo Tawiah Quartey, Samuel Antwi Darkwah
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 979-989 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040979
The production and use of sachet water in Ghana has been consistently increasing, filling the gap of inadequate access to safe drinking water. Despite the obvious significant socio-economic impact of the packaged water industry in Ghana, the associated environmental impacts of the production and use cannot be overlooked. The aim of this paper is to analyze the prospects of eco-efficiency approach as a more sustainable means of production in the industry, leading towards the sustainable development agenda of the country. The methodology employed in this paper is desktop research with qualitative data collection and analysis, utilizing existing literature...
Determinants of Real Estate Prices in the Statutory City of Brno
Vlastimil Reichel, Petr Zimčík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 991-999 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866040991
The real estate market demand for both-houses and flats has been growing recently. This trend is one of the factors, which are able to influence the price of real estate. Our paper introduces determinants of housing price and their influence on actual real estate prices in the statutory city of Brno. The aim of this paper is to present key determinants of house price and find the hedonic price model, which describes, how determinants affect house price best. Realized prices were analyzed for housing units located in different districts of Brno. Key determinants in this research are a year of sale, an area of flat in square meters, number of rooms,...
Czech Agrarian Trade Comparative Advantages Distribution in Relation to Developed and Developing Countries
Luboš Smutka, Mansoor Maitah, Miroslav Svatoš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1001-1015 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041001
This article deals with the issues of the current state of commodity structure and distribution of comparative advantages of the Czech agrarian trade in comparison to developed, developing and also in comparison with Commonwealth of Independent States and in relation to other European countries (i.e. non-EU and CIS countries). The goal of this paper is to identify how the comparative advantages of Czech Agrarian exports are distributed. In addition to this, the article also attempts to identify the main differences in the characteristics of agrarian trade between developed countries on one hand and developing countries on the other hand. The results...
The Importance of Factors Affecting the Entry of Entrepreneurial Subjects to Organic Farming in the Czech Republic
Hana Stojanová, Veronika Blašková, Michaela Lněničková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1017-1024 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041017
The aim of the article is to identify the key factors influencing the entry of entrepreneurial subjects into the sphere of organic farming in the Czech Republic. Primary data for the research was obtained from a questionnaire survey carried out in 2016 through an internal communication system of the PRO BIO Association, comprising 481 operators in the field of organic farming in the Czech Republic. The research questions mainly concerned the reason for entering the sphere of organic farming, and what influenced this decision, the motivation of entrepreneurs to stay in organic farming and what could possibly be the reason for their departure from this...
Comparison of Approaches to Testing Equality of Expectations Among Samples from Poisson and Negative Binomial Distribution
Martin Tejkal, Zuzana Hübnerová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1025-1034 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041025
The paper deals with testing of the hypothesis of equality of expectations among p samples from Poisson or negative binomial distribution. a comparison of two main approaches is carried out. The first approach is based on transforming the samples from either Poisson or negative binomial distribution in order to achieve normality or variance stability, and then testing the hypothesis of equality of expectations via the F-test. In the second approach, test statistics coming from the theory of maximum likelihood appearing in generalised linear models framework, specially designed for testing the hypothesis among samples from the respective distributions...
Learning Methods and their Efficiency in Agricultural Organisations in the Czech Republic
Hana Urbancová, Adéla Fajčíková, Václav Kala
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1035-1041 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041035
Education and employee development are among the most important areas where employers can look for new efficient ways and methods for gaining a competitive advantage in the form of employee knowledge. Systematic education increases the potential of the workforce which has a positive impact on all organisation processes in all sectors, including agriculture. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the deployment of educational methods in Czech agricultural organisations and to assess their efficiency within the educational process. The data was obtained through a quantitative survey, specifically a questionnaire, among selected agricultural organisations...
A Profile of the Organic Produce Consumer
Martina Zámková, Martin Prokop, Radek Stolín
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1043-1052 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041043
Our paper explores the factors influencing the consumers who buy organic food. Analysis of these factors enabled us to sort the consumers into groups based on their gender, age, education, and other identifiers. Further research then revealed more detailed shopping preferences of each one of those groups. The findings generated recommendations for producers and organic produce vendors on the best way to provide target marketing for different groups of consumers and therefore increase their sales of organic produce and food made from organic produce. Considering the use of categorical data, contingency tables and correspondence maps served as the best...
An Overview of Determination of Milk Fat: Development, Quality Control Measures, and Application
Robert Kala, Eva Samková, Lenka Pecová, Oto Hanuš, Kęstutis Sekmokas, Dalia Riaukienė
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1055-1064 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041055
Milk fat content is an important indicator of milk quality because of nutritional and technological aspects of dairying. In this sense the milk fat determination is important practice procedure. The work goal was to do an effective overview and comparison of reference and routine methods of fat determination during their development. Nowadays, there exist a number of methods for determining milk fat content. Reference methods require accurate analysis in compliance with the International Standard ISO, whereas routine methods perform analysis using routine instrumental techniques for faster and cheaper results with acceptable accuracy. Quality control...
Pathogens in Processed Ram Semen and Approaches for Their Elimination
Filipp Savvulidi, Martin Ptáček, Luděk Stádník
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1065-1072 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041065
A variety of pathogenic contaminants might be isolated from semen, processed for artificial insemination (AI) programs: prions, viruses, bacteria, yeasts or protozoa. This review will discuss the broad scale of pathogens detected in processed ram semen. Reviewed findings will be confronted with the latest knowledge related to semen contamination in other livestock species. An accent will be placed on current experience and future aspects of approaches for elimination of pathogens from processed semen (especially, from semen processed under field conditions).
Problems of Older Workers on the Labour Market
Pavel Breinek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(4), 1073-1084 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866041073
This article focuses on position of older workers on labour market. It tries to identify and shortly describe the main factors affecting chances of older workers to get and keep a job. There are many approaches how to evaluate the opportunities and obstacles faced by older workers. On the basis of review of literature this paper points to significant problems that population ageing can bring to labour market. The differences between changes in productivity and changes in earnings might lead to reduction of employment of older workers. Technological progress or structural changes in industrial economies leads to other difficulties associated with ageing....