Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2018 (vol. 66), issue 3
Design and Structural Analysis of a Rack System for Using in Agriculture
Miroslav Blatnický, Ján Dižo, Dalibor Barta
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 641-646 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030641 
The paper deals with a construction design and structural analysis of the rack system which will be used for storage of steel tubes of pressure pipeline for fodder mixtures transportation in agricultural company. Structure of the designed equipment is made by the welding of steel parts and consists of the main framework and four pull-out racks on both sides. Racks move by means of human power through a rotating crank. Every individual pull-out racks is able to carries pipes of various dimensions, both length and diameter with total weight up to 3 tons with respect to customer requests. Since it is a prototype's structure, we have designed main dimensions...
Impact of Feeding of Legume-Cereal Mixture Silages on Dairy Cow Milk Thermostability and Quality
Oto Hanuš, Irena Němečková, Jan Pozdíšek, Igor Huňády, Marcela Klimešová, Antonín Ponížil, Ondřej Elich, Petr Roubal, Radoslava Jedelská, Jaroslav Kopecký
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 647-653 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030647
Current changes in climate (increasing drought) and the rise in prices of protein concentrate feed are the reasons for the increasing interest in growing and production and increasing silages from legume-cereal mixtures (LCM) in rations for dairy cows. Another reason is to improve the soil fertility using LCM in crops rotation. The impact of feeding of dairy cows (Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein, 50 herds) on milk quality was monitored (for 3 years) when modifying the roughage feeding rations by additions of LCM silages. Bulk milk samples were tested (n = 641 (15 herds) LCM as experiment and 2,428 (35) as control). LCM was higher in crude protein, lactose,...
Fish Communities of Five Drinking Water Reservoirs in the Morava River Basin
Pavel Jurajda, Michal Janáč, Kevin Roche, Libor Mikl, Luděk Šlapanský, Ivo Krechler, Zdeněk Adámek, Zdenka Jurajdová, Karel Halačka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 655-663 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030655
While fish communities have been studied in Czech reservoirs for decades, monitoring has increased since implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC). Despite this, many smaller drinking water reservoirs have yet to be surveyed. Between May and July 2016, we undertook a pilot-study examining the fish communities of five Moravian reservoirs (Ludkovice, Bojkovice, Hubenov, Nová Říše and Landštejn). Fish were sampled using boat electrofishing along the littoral zone and Nordic gill nets in the pelagic zone. Both methods were evaluated separately and combined as CPUE and relative abundance and biomass ( %). Nineteen fish species and...
Effect of Breed on Frequency of Morphological Defects in Boar Spermatozoa
Vendula Kamanová, Pavel Nevrkla, Zdeněk Hadaš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 665-668 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030665
The aim of this study was to assess an effect of breed on frequency of morphological changes in boar spermatozoa. A total of 1080 semen samples were used in this study. The samples were collected from January to December 2017 from 90 boars of the Duroc, Czech Large White and Czech Landrace breeds. Sperm cell abnormalities were evaluated microscopically from dyed smears of native semen on glass slides. Defects of spermatozoa were divided according to their impact on fertility of boars into categories of "major defects" (with a great negative effect on fertility) and "minor defects" (with a mild effect on fertility). The overall frequency of spermatozoa...
The Effect of Feeding Frequency on the Fin Condition in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Ondřej Klíma, Lukáš Kohút, Jan Mareš, Radovan Kopp
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 669-675 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030669
Fin condition was assessed in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at an experimental recirculating facility using manual feeding 2 and 3 meals per day. Fin Index (FI) was used as an indicator of the find condition. Comparing the feeding frequencies 2 and 3 meals per day, a statistically significant difference was found (p < 0.05) for the FI of the pectoral, pelvic, anal, and caudal fins. For the 3 meals per day feeding frequency, a greater decrease of the FI was found compared to the feeding frequency 2 meals per day. In both pelvic fins the FI decreased by 53 %, in the caudal fins the FI decreased by 18 % and by 11 % in the anal fins,...
Study of Extra Cleaning of Rapeseeds in an Electric Frictional Separator
Stepan Kovalyshyn, Oleksiy Shvets
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 677-683 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030677
The work is devoted to the study of the process of additional cleaning of rape seeds on an electric frictional separator, where an inclined plane moving in electric field acts as the working body. Theoretical studies have established that effective cleaning of this culture occurs when the trajectories of motion and the coordinates of the ascension of the components of the seed mixture from the separation plane differ as one another. As a result of the experiments, it was established that the main factors influencing the movement of components of the seed mixture of rape along the separation plane of the electric frictional separator and their orientation...
Colored Wheat: Anthocyanin Content, Grain Firmness, Dough Properties, Bun Texture Profile
Martin Král, Jana Pokorná, Bohuslava Tremlová, Martina Ošťádalová, Václav Trojan, Tomáš Vyhnánek, Maria Walczycka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 685-690 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030685
The aim of this study was to determine the total anthocyanin content and firmness of three spring wheat varieties Triticum aestivum L. (Vanek, UC66049 and Konini) and evaluate the relationship between its flour and texture parameters of the dough and bun. Total anthocyanin content in grain varieties varied from 6.70 to 47.63 mg.kg-1. In colored wheat was observed approximately seven times more content compared with the control. The highest firmness was obtained in purple (27.62 N) and the lowest in blue grain (22.31 N). The lowest stickiness was found in blue wheat dough and therefore, it would be more suitable for manufacturing....
Application of Nitrogen Fertilizers and its Effect on Timeliness of Fertilizers Decomposition Resulting in Lost of Nitrogen Through Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Soil
Koloman Krištof, Tomáš Šima, Ladislav Nozdrovický, Ján Jobbágy, Jan Mareček, Vlastimil Slaný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 691-700 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030691
Fertilizers are an important tool to maintain soil fertility and as an enhancement for the efficient crop production. The system of fertilizers application affects the final dose and commonly causes local overdosing or insuficient spatial distribution of fertilizers which are a very important source of nitrous oxide emissions (N2O) from the soil into the atmospher observation of such phenomenon are among the key factors defining environmental impacts of agriculture. A study was conducted to observe the effect of application dose of fertilizer on N2O emission from the soil. CAN (Calcium ammonium nitrate - consist of 27 % nitrogen)...
Growth and Meat Quality of Prestice Black-Pied and (Landrace × Large White) × Duroc Pigs
Pavel Nevrkla, Eva Václavková, Pavel Horký, Vendula Kamanová, Zdeněk Hadaš, Zuzana Rečková, Ladislav Máchal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 701-705 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030701
The objective of the performed experiment was to evaluate growth performance and selected carcass traits and meat quality parameters in pigs of a native Czech breed Prestice Black-Pied pig (PB) and a commercial hybrid (H) used for meat production. The observation included 40 pigs, 20 pigs of the native breed PB and 20 pigs of the hybrid combination. The PB piglets showed higher (P ≤ 0.05) birth weight than the H piglets. The lifetime weight gain was higher (P ≤ 0.01) in the H pigs than in the PB pigs. The results also showed higher (P ≤ 0.01) backfat thickness in the PB breed than in the H pigs. Lean meat content was higher (P ≤ 0.01) in...
Assessment of Profitability and Break-Even Points in Suckler Cow Herds
Jan Syrůček, Luděk Bartoň, Jindřich Kvapilík, Mojmír Vacek, Luděk Stádník
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 707-715 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030707
Suckler cow enterprises comprise an important segment of Czech agriculture, and the number of suckler cows has been steadily increasing in recent years. The objective of this study was to assess the profitability of suckler cow herds in the Czech Republic based upon data collected for 2014, 2015, and 2016 using a questionnaire covering production, reproduction, and economic traits. The average yearly costs reached 30,583 CZK per cow. When subsidies in the average amount of 14,347 CZK per cow were included, profitability of 8.3, 8.7, and 6.3 % was observed in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Feed, labour, depreciation, and overheads were the largest...
Synchronization of Economic Cycles in Countries of the Visegrad Group, Germany and Eurozone
Václav Adamec
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 719-728 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030719
Most countries of the Visegrad group presently undertake meticulous preparation for entry to the Eurozone, which makes the issue of business cycle synchronization contemporary. In this study, we identified business cycle in V4 member states, Germany and the Eurozone and investigated the degree of business cycle synchronization among V4 countries, with Germany and the Eurozone. Quarterly GDP data, season and calendar adjusted from 1995 : 1 through 2016 : 4 (T = 88) were broken down to trend and cyclical elements by the Hodrick-Prescott filter and used to obtain the relative output gap. Phases of the business cycle were identified through modified...
Profit Shifting and the Tax Response of Multinational Banks in Eastern Europe
Daniel Anarfi, Danuše Nerudová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 729-736 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030729
The aim of the paper is to measure the amount of profit shifting within the banking sector in Eastern European countries. The paper uses firm-level bank data from the Bankscope database of multinational subsidiary banks operating in Eastern Europe for a period of 10 years (2006-2015). An empirical analysis is performed on the panel data to identify the profit-shifting activities of these banks. Focusing on the banking sector of Eastern European countries, which are a microcosm of the European Union, substantial evidence of profit shifting is found and confirms that banks have enhanced tax-planning opportunities similar to firms from different jurisdictions....
Technology Acceptance as a Determinant of Online Grocery Shopping Adoption
Radka Bauerová, Martin Klepek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 737-746 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030737
Online grocery shopping plays an important role in the current online market as the most evolving online shopping category. Despite that, consumers adopt this way of shopping quite differently across European countries. To explain such a difference, the Technology acceptance model (TAM) can be used for better understanding consumer behaviour toward habitual online shopping. This paper goes beyond and applies TAM in online grocery area based on the assumption that customers view online grocery shopping as an interaction with system respectively web page interface. The aim of the paper is to explain consumer behaviour in the domain of online grocery...
CFEBT Risk Triangle as a Tool for Detecting and Evaluating Risks of Accounting Records: a Case Study
Zita Drábková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 747-754 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030747
The objective of the present contribution is to evaluate the risk of accounting errors and frauds in small companies predominantly operating in agriculture. It is based on an analysis of the CFEBT risk triangle for financial statements reported for the years 2012-2016.The CFEBT risk triangle is applied in form of a case study aimed at risk detection of occurrence of accounting errors and frauds for a selected sample of companies. A detailed analysis of a risk of impact of accounting errors and frauds is illustrated in the case study of an accounting unit chosen from the sample of companies evaluated. Results of the presented case study into the...
Evaluation Structure of Local Public Expenditures in the European Union Countries
Martina Halásková, Renata Halásková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 755-766 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030755
The public sector plays a significant role in securing public needs in a number of countries. The paper aims to evaluate the local public sector by the structure of local public expenditures, emphasizing similarities and differences in EU countries. Attention is paid to the evaluation of local public expenditures by eight functions (general public services, public order and safety, economic affairs, housing and community amenities, recreation and culture, social protection, health, education) in years 2005 and 2015. Local public expenditures by function in the EU are evaluated in connection to lower government levels and fiscal decentralization of...
Managing Price Risk in the Corn Market Using Option Strategies
Monika Harčariková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 767-779 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030767
In today's economy, the agricultural sector faces a high degree of risk due to increasing commodity price volatility. Therefore, it is important to know how to manage the price risk effectively. The main contribution of the paper is to introduce and analyse the ways of the managing price risk in the corn market using option strategies. The purpose of the paper is to analyse three hedging option strategies, i.e. Strap, Long Strangle and Short Put Ladder strategy with the aim to prove how it is possible to hedge against falling prices. There is examined analytical expressions of vanilla options for the creation of selected hedging strategies in the corn...
Agricultural Inputs Subsidy in Nigeria: an Overview of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS)
Amurtiya Michael, Abdu Karniliyus Tashikalma, David Chinda Maurice
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 781-789 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030781
The Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) was initiated by the Nigerian government to boost agricultural production through the provision of 'smart subsidies' on some farm inputs to small-scale farmers. This review highlights the successes and challenges of the Scheme's implementation process across the country. The study reviewed scholarly articles and other secondary data from government sources on the scheme. Findings from the study revealed that the Scheme was able to deliver subsidised agricultural inputs to small-scale farmers with relative ease and at affordable rate which was able to boost farm output. However, the scheme is affected...
Success Factors for Start-ups Related to Agriculture, Food and Nutrition and Their Relevance to Education
Helena Smolová, Pavla Kubová, Hana Urbancová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 791-801 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030791
Continuous formation of new businesses, start-ups, which could establish themselves on the market and be successful, should be supported in all economic areas, and the area of agriculture is no exception. Thus the main aim of this paper is to formulate a recommendation for educational institutions which prepare future generations, among others, to establish start-ups in agriculture that reflect fundamental success factors. The data were acquired with the aid of structured interviews (n = 6), which were carried out in electronic form. The respondents agreed that they considered the greatest obstacle, and at the same time challenge, to be the...
Impact of Employee Development in Agricultural Companies on Commitment, Loyalty and Performance
Hana Urbancová, Lucie Vnoučková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 803-811 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030803
Employees in agricultural companies are aware of the necessity to learn and develop; hence it is essentially easier for the agricultural companies to encourage their employees to engage in these processes. Regardless the awareness of the employees concerning the development, the organisational features of the agricultural companies, which influence the development of the employees, needs to be taken into account. The aim of the paper is to identify the attitude of surveyed agriculture organisations towards employee development and to evaluate possible use of employee development strategies impacting employee commitment, loyalty and performance. Data...
Overview of Bovine Dendritic Cells
Lucie Kratochvílová, Petr Sláma
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 815-821 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030815
This article is an overview of dendritic cells (DCs) in cattle. The understanding of the immune system and the role of DCs in many ways can contribute to their use in the prevention and treatment of many infectious and autoimmune diseases. DCs are bone marrow-derived cells that function as professional antigen presenting cells. They act as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems. The morphology of DCs results in a very large surface to volume ratio. That is, the DCs have a very large surface area compared to the overall cell volume. Currently, most dendritic cells research occurs in the human and mice. There is a lack of studies...
Growth-Production Parameters of the First Slovak Cultivar of Festulolium A. et Gr.
Peter Hric, Ľuboš Vozár, Peter Kovár, Juraj Hric
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(3), 825-828 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866030825
The aim of this experiment was to compare growth and production parameters of the first Slovak cultivar of xFestulolium with Felina and Hykor. The experiment was conducted at the Demonstrating and research base of Department of Grassland Ecosystems and Forage Crops, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra (Slovak Republic) with controlled moisture conditions (glass house) in 2017 (one year pot experiment). We compared new intergeneric hybrid Lenor with Felina and Hykor. In the experiment were evaluated average height (mm) and dry matter (DM) yields (g). New intergeneric hybrid Lenor was in every cut highest (P < 0.05) (59.57 mm) in compare...