Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2005 (vol. 53), issue 3

Návrh struktury systému podpory udržitelnosti cestovního ruchu a metodika hodnocení některých služeb v cestovním ruchu

Proposal for structure of the national system for support of sustainable tourism and a methodology of rating of selected tourist services

Michal Burian

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 7-16 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030007  

This thesis is focused on preparation of basic elements of the National System for Support of Sustainable Tourism in the Czech Republic and on development of a methodology for ranking of selected tourist services from the sustainable point of view. Its result is planned to be used as a basis for real decisions potentially taken by the Czech government in near future.The first part analyses and summarises existing approaches worldwide to sustainable tourism, potential benefits and different impacts of tourism in order to specify possible measures avoiding unwanted impacts later on. The need to change towards sutainability in tourism is based on...

Mezinárodní projekt Komunikující město

International project Communicating town

Miroslav Foret, V. Foretová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 17-24 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030017  

The main objectives of the project Communicating Town is to assist in an improvement of mutual relationships and communication between the council and the public. The use of opinion polls provide an opportunity for the silent majority of citizens to voice their views. The standardised interviews make it possible to get the respondents involved in communication activities. Each questionnaire had two parts; the first sought opinions on questions asked by the council in the given town and the other part was common to all the towns involved and allowed us to compare and make general conclusions. The results were presented in the press. During 1995-2000...

Možnosti městského a venkovského cestovního ruchu v České republice

The possibilities of the city and the country tourism in the Czech Republic

Miroslav Foret

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 25-34 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030025  

The first part of the paper is devoted to the problems of city tourism in the Czech Republic. As an example of the possibilities of city tourism is mentioned own marketing research of Brno citizens about their recreation and sport activities in the town and nearest surroudings. The marketing research was conducted for the first time in 1997 and repeated once again at the end of 2001.The second part is oriented to the problems of the country tourism. As a practical case is used Southern Moravia project called Moravian Wine Trails. Empirical own experiences, especially personal interviews with local public administration authorities in 2003 and 2004...

Liberalizace obchodu se zemědělskými komoditami a kladné externality

Agricultural trade liberalization and positive externalities

Libor Grega

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 35-42 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030035  

Changes in the perception of economic growth within the context of sustainable development lead to the broadly defined concept of further development of all industries, while agriculture plays qualitatively new role in this concept. Agriculture is not any more viewed only as an industry ensuring nutrition of population, but also its non-production benefit has growing importance. There is growing importance of the concept of multifunctionality of agriculture both in the Czech Republic and in the whole European Union, where agriculture historically played an important role in landscape formation and determined the development of social structures, while...

Možnosti využití nástrojů ekonomie blahobytu pro posuzování přínosu zemědělského výzkumu

Using of welfare economics instruments for evaluation of agricultural research benefits

Libor Grega

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 43-48 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030043  

Except for direct forms of support of agriculture, including market price support, direct payments and support of agricultural inputs, there also exist many forms of indirect support of agriculture. Within this support of general services has an important role support of agricultural research. As an inevitable precondition to evaluate efficiency of used financial sources from state budget is a quantification of benefit of agricultural research. The paper is focused on possibilities of using welfare economics instruments to quantify the benefit of agricultural research.

ANALÝZA EKONOMICKÉ AKTIVITY A NEZAMĚSTNANOSTI OBYVATELSTVA JIHOMORAVSKÉHO KRAJE

The analysis of the population economic activity and unemployment in the South Moravian region

Jaroslava Hudečková

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 49-58 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030049  

This article deals with analysis of the South Moravian region population economic activity and unemployment state and development. The analysis of the population economic activity and unemployment is a part of the demographic, social and economic population analysis. The unemployment is considered to be an unfavourable effect, but its low rate is a natural part of the market economy. The unemployment was from the general and registered unemployment rate in years 1995-2003 point of view evaluated. Some indicators of the South Moravian region were with the whole Czech Republic compared. The unemployment in the South Moravian region marked a negative...

KAPITÁLOVÉ VÝDAJE A ZADLUŽENÍ OBCÍ V ČR

Municipal capital spending and debt in Czech Republic

Milan Jílek, Robert Plaga

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 59-68 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030059  

The paper deals with the contemporary issue of municipal finance. Municipalities in Czech Republic make up important part of public sector and influence the fiscal performance of Czech economy. Simultaneously, the capital expenditure of municipalities has a crucial role in shaping of the entrepreneurial environment and of an environment in the widest sense. The goal of this paper was to analyse the capital expenditure of municipalities in Czech Republic from the national economy point of view and to analyse the financing of capital expenditure between 1994 and 2003. The emphasis was given to the relation between the capital expenditure and the indebtedness...

ANALÝZA VÝVOJE TRHU STAVEBNÍHO SPOŘENÍ V ČR

Analysis of development of buldings societies market in the Czech Republic

Vlasta Kašparovská

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 69-76 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030069  

The paper analyses market trends of the building societies in the Czech Republic in years 1995-2003. The main aim of the contribution is to verify the following thesis:1. In previous development, it comes to the permanently increasing growth in the market of deposits and loans of building saving.2. Concentration in the market of building saving decreases.Analyses is made on two partial markets : deposit market and market of building saving loans. Growth rate index was chosen for the evaluation of the growth of both submarkets. Herfindahl-Hirchman index was chosen for evaluation of concentration trends. Analyses of the building saving...

ANALÝZA PŘENOSU CENOVÝCH ZMĚN V KOMODITNÍ VERTIKÁLE OBILOVINY

The analysis of price changes transmission along the cereals commodity chain

Iva Lechanová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 77-86 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030077  

The paper aims to analyse the process of the price transmission within selected agri-food chain. First, the issue of the price transmission is introduced as well as the impact of market power on the extent of transmitted price changes in successive stages of the chain. The price transmission theory is applied to the agri-food chain following the production of cereals, which is analysed separately as a food and a feed branch of the cereals chain. By means of correlation analysis of the time series data, the completeness of price transmission is statistically verified. Furthermore, the existence of time delay in price reactions transmitted throughout...

Priestorová distribúcia a vzťah medzi ukazovateľmi trvaloudržateľného rozvoja v krajinách EU

Spatial distribution and relationship between sustainable development measures in EU countries

Hana Letkovičová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 87-94 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030087  

Since the Rio Earth Summit sustainable development involving environmental, economic or human issues has been set as an important goal. There are a lot of measures that try to reach the Summit aim, among others Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) and Human Development Index (HDI). The aim of presented article is to bring more light into the spatial distribution of ESI and HDI in EU countries and find relevant relationship between these two indices.

ANALÝZA PROCESU PŘÍPRAV BANK V ČR NA ZAVEDENÍ BASEL II DO PRAXE

Analysis of preparation process for Basel II implementation in Czech banks

Miroslava Mastná

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 95-108 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030095  

In June 2004 the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the new capital adequacy framework commonly known as Basel II. Basel II contains international capital standards for banking organizations and will replace the relatively risk-invariant requirements in the current Basel I accord. The Committee intends Basel II to be available for implementation as of year-end 2006. The goal of this paper is to analyze the current situation in bank preparation for Basel II in the Czech Republic. For this reason a survey was done in the Czech banks in September and October 2004. Results of this survey are subject of this article. Results are separately...

Vybrané aspekty modelování devizového kurzu pomocí neuronových sítí

Selected aspects of modelling of foreign exchange rates with neural networks

Václav Mastný

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 109-116 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030109  

This paper deals with forecasting of the high-frequency foreign exchange market with neural networks. The objective is to investigate some aspects of modelling with neural networks (impact of topology, size of training set and time horizon of the forecast on the performance of the network). The data used for the purpose of this paper contain 15-minute time series of US dollar against other major currencies, Japanese Yen, British Pound and Euro. The results show, that performance of the network in terms of correct directorial change is negatively influenced by increasing number of hidden neurons and decreasing size of training set. The performance of...

Konzistence podnikových procesů vyjádřenÁ formálním aparátem transakcí

Enterprise process consistency expressed by a formal description of transactions

Milan Mišovič, Ivana Rábová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 117-126 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030117  

Using a progressive Information Technology for development of Software Modules for Enterprise Information Systems brings a lot of practical and theoretical problems. One of them is a verification of results achieved in Life Cycle Stages. Object Oriented Analysis has the main position in the Object Life Cycle of Information Systems. It gives fundamental diagrams that will be processed in the Design and Implementation phases. We mention diagrams for enterprise processes and their refining to enterprise transaction diagrams. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) has been very often used to enterprise processes and transactions modeling. There is one of...

Analýza vývoje exportních cen vybraných zemědělských a potravinářských komodit v České republice

Analysis of the development of export prices of selected agricultural and food commodities in the Czech Republic

Milan Palát, Erich Maca

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 127-144 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030127  

The paper is focused on the description of average level, variability and developmental trends the export prices of selected agricultural and food commodities in the Czech Republic with differentiation according to particular countries within the defined reference period 1993-2002. Thre is also presented the short-time point and interval extrapolation prediction of studied events. Methods of regression and correlation analysis and developmental trends were applied for the mathematical-statistical analysis.

Vývoj míry zaměstnanosti a nezaměstnanosti mužů a žen v patnácti zemích EU

Development of the rate of employment and unemployment of males and females in countries of EU15

Milan Palát, Jan Klíma

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 145-162 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030145  

The paper is focused on the evaluation the rates of employment and unemployment of women, men and as a whole in countries of EU15. Rates of employment were evaluated in the period 1993-2002. Rates of unemployment were evaluated in the period 1994-2003. Employment of males in fifteen countries of EU is higher then employment of females. Unemployment of females in fifteen countries of EU is higher than unemployment of males and in opposite unemployment of females in Sweden is lower than unemployment of males. Trends of rates of male, female and total employment and unemployment are evaluated. Methods of regression and correlation analysis, development...

NĚKTERÉ PROBLÉMY konkursního řízení v zemědělství

The some problems of bankruptcy proceedings in agriculture

Jana Polachová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 163-170 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030163  

The problems discovered in the process of obtaining experiences from the application of the Bankruptcy Act, No. 328/1991 Gazette in the Czech Republic are of very specific nature in some fields of the economy and especially in the agriculture. The paper deals with problems connected with the property denominated as inventory of bankruptcy estate when bringing an action before courts. Further on, it deals with relationship between the property in bankruptcy estate and claims from proprietary restitution brought against this property according to the Property Restitution Act, No. 403/1990 Gazette, especially in agriculture.

Teoretické vymezení podnikových akcií a dluhopisů soudobého světového kapitálového trhu

Theoretical classification of corporate stocks and bonds on the current international capital market

Oldřich Rejnuš

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 171-184 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030171  

The article deals with the theoretical classification of "classic" capital market securities, i.e. corporate stocks and bonds. Its aim was to make a detailed analysis of the individual types of these securities from the viewpoint of their main characteristic features, and to look for possible ways of systemizing them and distinguishing them as unambiguously as possible. As the aim of this analysis was to identify the most important and typical properties of not only corporate stocks and long-term bonds that are commonplace in investing but also of those that are rare on financial markets, the analysis was made from a global viewpoint, i.e. without...

Modifikace a aplikace ecsi na trhu služeb v českém prostředí

Modification and application of ECSI on the Czech service market

Kateřina Ryglová, Jana Stávková, Eva Skoumalová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 185-194 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030185  

Considering contemporary trends in development of the world's economy, all kinds of companies are made to analyse and implement new access to firm's strategies. This article deals with new trends in marketing analysis focused on measurement and evaluation of customer satisfaction. We tried to apply methodology of ECSI (European customer satisfaction index) into Czech service market. We counted the total customer satisfaction indexes for two chosen travel agencies (85% for the first travel agency, and 74% for the second one) and for two chosen banks (72% for the first bank, and 82% for the second one).

Vývoj konvergence zahraničního obchodu nových členů EU

Development of convergence in foreign trade of the new EU-members

Marcel Ševela

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 195-204 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030195  

The importance of convergence in foreign trade is mentioned in the theory of optimum currency from the very beginning. Also the OCA index incorporates two basic aspect of foreign trade. The territorial reorientation is always characteristic for new EU-members and this process was already accomplished by most of the new EU-members. The more developed associated countries are already at the level of EU-members. The commodity orientation is connected highly with the competitiveness and level of development of the whole economy and the shares of sophisticated product in exports reflect it. Hence the evaluation was concerned on the manufactured goods, SITC...

ZMĚNY DANĚ Z PŘIDANÉ HODNOTY V PROCESU HARMONIZACE S PŘEDPISY EU

Changes of the value added tax in the tax-harmonization process with EC directives

Andrea Votavová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 205-212 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030205  

The aim of this article is to bring near the topical process of the assimilation the Czech law of value added tax to the EC-directives. The attention will be paid to the development of the harmonization this law in 1993 - 2003 and I will describe and analyse the choice sections of the value added tax law (with the effective date from 1. 5. 2004). I will explain the changes by tax rates.

Tržní struktura a vývoj cen v komoditní vertikále piva

Market structure and its interactions in beer commodity chain

Edita Veselská

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 213-224 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030213  

This paper aims to contribute to deeper knowledge of the economics of the beer commodity chain, focused on the formation of the market structure and its interactions with the price development within analysed commodity chain. The results of the economic analysis have proved, that czech brewery is high concentrated and that between concentration ratio and breweries's margin exists a positive interdependence.

CHILSKÁ EKONOMIKA ZA PINOCHETA

Chilean economy under Pinochet

Libor Žídek

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 225-240 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030225  

Period of Pinochet rule in Chile is still in the centre of interest of many experts. This article concentrates (mostly) on the economic side of the military rule. Pinochet took responsibility for the country in situation near to economic collapse caused by policy of the previous - Allende's government. The new government after the coup d'état in 1973 had to stabilize economy. Soldiers at the same time start to implement economic reforms that improved the long run ability of the economy to grow. The economic uplift was interrupted by debt crisis at the beginning of 1980s. Pinochet's government was able to deal with these obstacles and at the end passed...

Alternativní systémy důchodového zabezpečení z pohledu reformy českého penzijního systému

The alternative pension systems from the prospect of the reform of the Czech pension system

Zdeňka Hrnčárková

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 243-250 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030243  

The main reason for the reform of the Czech pension system is the unfavourable demographic situation. The pensions in the Czech Republic are still financed through pure Pay As You Go system which is outdated. Firstly there are described the basic definitions and functions of the pension system. As well the circumstances leading to the origin of the alternative pension models are introduced. The next parts present the today trends in European pension systems and include the characteristics of the pension systems in Germany, Great Britain, Sweden and the Czech Republic. The most important, fourth part of the paper evaluates the particular aspects of...

Konfrontace závěrů neoklasické teorie růstu a nové teorie růstu a alternativní vysvětlení rozdílů v ekonomické výkonnosti

Discussion on the conclusions of the Neoclassical Growth Theory and the New Growth Theory and the alternative explanation for the different economic performance

Luděk Kouba

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 251-256 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030251  

The paper in the first instatnce resumes the conclusions of the most important contemporary growth approaches - the Neoclassical Growth Theory and the New Growth Theory. In the third part there are discused crucial aspects of the both growth approaches and are mentioned some empirical arguments. The final part of this paper presents three conclusions: the challenge to validity of the New Growth Theory. The question about the basic traditional growth theory assumption that individual economies occur the production possibility frontier. And finally the conviction that the necessary condition for the succesful economic development is the right institutional...

Charakteristika odvětví vinohradnictví a vinařství Austrálie

The characteristics of the winegrowing and wine-production in Australia

Dagmar Kudová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 257-270 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030257  

The paper is focused on a description of the winegrowing and wine-production in Australia, a country, which is becoming a more and more significant producer and exporter of wine in the world, and has become a part of competitive environment of the winegrowing and wine-production industry in the Czech Republic.Structural analysis of external environment is a part of strategic analysis of an industry, where one of the key parts is the analysis of competitive environment within an industry.Winegrowing areas of Australia are nowadays located mostly in the colder climatic zone of Australia. In the 70-ies of the last century, there were planted new...

Příprava metodiky tvorby eLearningových učebních materiálů

Preparation of methodology for creating eLearning study texts

Roman Malo

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 271-280 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030271  

At present, an implementation of eLearning forms of education represents one of the most important activities at universities. Within this process is necessary to solve not only technical questions but also questions about content of eLearning education. That is why the focus must be dedicated to the methodology for creating eLearning study materials too. The methodology, which was developed at MUAF in Brno, is based upon a set of basic theoretical resources for the preparation of common study materials, possibilities of markup languages and the specific approach to the development of the eLearning system. The main aim of this paper is the explanation...

Komponentový rozklad uživatelského rozhraní webového informačního systému

Component decomposition of user interface of web information system

Hana Netrefová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 281-288 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030281  

At present, the usage of information systems increases in various areas of human activities, therefore it is necessary to put the emphasis on their quality and user friendliness. That is why new techniques of design, development and implementation of information systems are being sought. The author of the paper and her colleagues employ themselves in the domain of component oriented web information systems and their goal is to define the methodology for building this kind of system. The component boxing model was designed so far. It describes how to build-up the information system from the particular components at each level of the three-layer architecture...

VÝZNAM ODVĚTVOVÉ KLASIFIKACE EKONOMICKÝCH ČINNOSTÍ PRO VÝUKU ZBOŽÍZNALSTVÍ

Importance of industrial classification of economic activities for teaching merchandising

Radmila Presová

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 289-302 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030289  

Business subjects in any national economy perform activities results of which are products, services or goods directly distributed to the market network. Volume of products differs according to the level of operational facilities, number of producers and the level of their facilities. Based on the development of information technology, there arise new specialization fields and new ranges of goods. Classification criteria are developed to qualify level of production and for enlistment of a firm to a particular branch. Currently the criteria of production classification are being developed. The understanding of these principles is particularly important...

ETIKA V PODNIKOVÉ KULTUŘE

Ethics in corporate culture

Ivo Rolný

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 303-310 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030303  

The aim of article is to discuss the role of ethics in process of corporate culture creation. Purpose, as embodiced in corporate culture, is the glue that holds organizations together.Corporate culture is the shared values and meanings its members hold in common and that are articulated and practiced by an organization's leaders. Corporate culture is related to ethics through the key ethical values and leadership styles the leaders espouse and practice; heroes and heroines the company rewards and holds up as models; rite, rituals, and symbols organizations value; and way organizational executives and members communicate among themselves and with...

Spotřebitelské chování v zemích EU

Behaviour of consumers in EU countries

Jana Stávková, Silvie Sharma

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 311-318 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030311  

The paper focuses on development of consumer behavior on the basis of household expenditures in 1996, 1999 and 2002 in individual countries in Europe. As a tool to examine the changes in behavior was used cluster analysis. The results of this analysis are illustrated in dendrograms, which help to estimate the greatest differences in consumer behavior among north-western European countries and new countries joining EU, then also among western European countries and south European countries. For the analysis of factors with influence on consumer behavior is required a research about motives of behavior and consumption of main agricultural commodities.

POTŘEBA VÝRAZNĚ INTEGROVANÝCH STUDIJNÍCH PROGRAMŮ

Need of markedly integrated studies programs

Rudolf Šrámek

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 319-326 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030319  

During 40 years preparation of teachers of special subjects in Mendel's Agriculture and Forest University in Brno more then 2376 persons completed this preparation. Researcher's probes show that former graduates had more balanced proportion of empirical part of preparation for this teaching in comparing with subsequent (current) graduates on opposite side. There is necessary to correct current situation.

MATERIÁLIE K FORMOVÁNÍ STUDENTŮ VYSOKÉ ŠKOLY

Materials for forming of student of University

Rudolf Šrámek

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(3), 327-340 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553030327  

University's pedagogic deals with both parts of forming of university student, his naturing and his education. There does not marginalize method of education by traditions at the same time. Selection of materials for usage of this method is presented in article. This article goes in for life, works and heritage of founder of Agricultural University in Brno - Edvard Reich (1885-1943). Knowledge of University's pedagogic is applied into surroundings of Mendel's Agriculture and Forest University in Brno.