Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2005 (vol. 53), issue 4
Ekto- a endoparazité u zbytkové populace králíka divokého Oryctolagus cuniculus (L., 1758) ve východních Čechách
Ecto- and endoparasites in remaining population of wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (L., 1758) in east Bohemia
Vladimír Bádr, Marie Borkovcová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 7-14 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040007 
An investigation of ecto- and endoparasites of wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (L., 1758) was made during February and March 2004. Together five species of ectoparasites and seven species of endoparasites was found in five specimens of host. Ectoparasites: acarids Leporacarus gibbus (Pagenstecher, 1862), Psoroptes cuniculi (Delafond, 1859), and Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Mégnin, 1878), flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale, 1878), and louse Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny, 1842). Except of petechial haemorrhagies inside both earlobes of one rabbit neither hyperkeratosis nor scale with any degrees of hairlessness...
Abrazivní opotřebení izotermicky zušlechtěné litiny s kuličkovým grafitem v laboratorních a provozních podmínkách
The abrasion of austempered cast iron in laboratory and work conditions
Roman Březina, Josef Filípek, Jaroslav Šenberger
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 15-22 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040015
Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is nowadays used for machine parts, which used to be made of steel. It is suitable for abrasive conditions and cast irons exhibit sufficient strength and toughness. The paper deals with the possibility of manufacturing machine parts working in soil of austempered ductile iron. The authors find out the influence of heat treatment mode of ADI on wear resistance and compare it with formed steel.
Alternativní způsoby měření spotřeby paliva s využitím dat palubní diagnostiky
Alternative methods of fuel consumption metering based on the on-board diagnostics outputs
Jiří Čupera, Miroslav Havlíček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 23-32 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040023
The article describes alternative methods of fuel consumption measurement based on model with using the diagnostic outputs of engine control unit. On-board diagnosis (the second level, known as OBD-2) has been mandated by government regulation because of advanced damage control systems in newer cars. However, its signals can be used for accurate analyses of power or torque measurement. On-board diagnostics offers many various parameters such a spark advance, intake air temperature, coolant temperature, throttle position, air flow mass and so on. Many of them have been unavailable without using sophisticated and expensive instrumentation. In the article...
VLIV PŘÍDAVKU BAKTERIÁLNÍHO INOKULANTU NA FERMENTAČNÍ PROCES LABORATORNÍCH SILÁŽÍ Z POŠROTOVANÝCH OLISTĚNÝCH PALIC KUKUŘICE
The effect of bacterial inoculant supplementation on the fermentation process of crushed maize ears in laboratory silos
Petr Doležal, Dušan Kořínek, Jan Doležal, Václav Pyrochta
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 33-42 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040033
In the experiment was the effect of biological additive on the fermentation quality of crushed maize ears of two hybrids by comparing with the untreated control. The bacterial inoculant "A" contained selected bacterial strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NCIMB 30121) and Enterococcus faecium (NCIMB 30122). As effective substances of bacterial water-soluble inoculant "B" were selected bacterial strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NCIMB 30121), Lactobacillus plantarum (DSM 12836), Lactobacillus brevis (DSM 12835), Lactobacillus buchneri (DSM 12856), Pediococcus acidialactici (P. pentosaceus) (DSM...
Vliv různých formem dusíkatých hnojiv aplikovaných na konci odnožování na výnos a kvalitu zrna pšenice ozimé
Effect of different forms of nitrogen fertlizers applied in the end of tillering on yield and quality of winter wheat grain
Ladislav Ducsay, Pavel Ryant
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 43-50 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040043
In the years 1999 to 2001 in conditions of small-plot field experiments was carried out on loamy degraded chernozems at the Plant Breeding Station of Sládkovičovo-Nový Dvor to solve the problems of topdressing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.), variety Astella, with different forms of nitrogenous fertilizers. Nitrogenous fertilizers were applied at the growth phase of the 6th leaf (Zadoks = 29). Four various forms of fertilizers were exemined: urea solution, DAM-390, DAM-390 + Dumag, DASA. Different weather conditions statistically highly significantly influenced grain yield in respective experimental years. Topdressing with nitrogen (30...
Vliv přídavku propylenglykolu na tělesnou kondici krav, jejich mléčnou užitkovost a kvalitu mleziva
The influence of propylene glycol on body condition and milk yield of cows as well as colostrum and milk composition
Robert Kupczyński, Maciej Adamski, Gustav Chládek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 51-60 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040051
The research was executed on 24 high yield dairy cows divided into three groups (n = 8). There was the control group (I) that the propylene glycol wasn't given to cows, group II - the cows received 250 ml/day/per head of the propylene glycol, and the group III ─ the cows received 500 ml/day per head of the propylene glycol. The preparation was administered to cows per os beginning from 2 weeks before parturition to the end of the third week of lactation. During the research the condition of animals was estimated by BCS method, the daily yield was recorded, and analyses of the milk and colostrum composition were performed. The propylene glycol...
Vliv bakterií Staphylococcus aureus a Streptococcus uberis na morfologické projevy apoptózy neutrofilních granulocytů mléčné žlázy skotu in vitro
The effect of the bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus uberis on morphological features of apoptosis of heifers mammary gland neutrophils
Tereza Langrová, Zbyšek Sládek, Dušan Ryšánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 61-74 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040061
The aim of the student thesis was to review the effect of the significant bacterial pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Steptococcus uberis on programmed cell death - apoptosis in vitro, and to determine the dynamic of morphological changes during aging neutrophil granulocytes of heifers mammary gland in vitro. Using light and electron microscopy we have noted characteristic alterations of apoptotic neutrophils. These are running in three consequential phases. We found out, that the interaction of bacterial pathogens with neutrophils during the incubation have lead in expressive quantitative and qualitative changes in apoptotic...
VLIV SLOŽENÍ KRMNÝCH SMĚSÍ NA PRŮBĚH SNÁŠKOVÉ KŘIVKY SLEPIC
The effect of composition feed mixtures on curve of hens laying intensity
Emil Mareček, Dalibor Klecker, Martina Lichovníková, Ladislav Zeman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 75-80 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040075
The experiment was done in the experimental station ÚKZÚZ Havlíčkův Brod. There were four experimental groups (N1, N2, N3, N4) of laying hens and weekly laying intensity was observed. Hybrid ISA BROWN was used in the experiment, 405 hens in each group. The laying intensity was observed from the start of laying for 44 weeks. During laying four different diets were fed to laying hens (N1 - control group with fish meal, N2 - control group containing only of plant protein sources, N3 - experimental group with higher content of rapeseed, N4 - experimental group containing treated rapeseed). Yang model was used for the evaluation of laying curves and we...
Analýza výsledků intravitálního odhadu u čistokrevných a hybridních kanců
Analysis of intravital assessment results in purebred and crossbred boars
Wanda Milewska, Janusz Falkowski, Marie Čechová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 81-86 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040081
1879 purebred boars: Duroc (D), Hampshire (H) and Pietrain (Pn) as well as their two-crossbreds (D x H, H x D, Pn x H, H x Pn, Pn x D, D x Pn) were analysed after a living assessment completed between 1995-1998 within the area of activity of the Animal Breeding Station in Olsztyn. The standardized daily gains in body weight ranged between 594 g (H) and 628 g (Pn x D). The thinnest backfat layer was observed in Pietrain boars and their crossbred boars. The height of loin eye was the best for boars Pn and for all crossbred animals. The lean content in the body of the assessed boars ranged from 56.2% (H) to 60.0% (Pn). The highest value of selection index...
Variabilita v genech pro leptin, leptinový receptor a protein vázající mastné kyseliny ve vztahu ke kvalitě masa u prasat
Variability in the leptin, leptin receptor and heart fatty acid binding protein genes in relationship with meat quality traits in pigs
Renata Mikolášová, Tomáš Urban
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 87-94 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040087
The leptin (LEP-HinfI), leptin receptor (LEPR-HpaII) and heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP-HinfI) genes and their genotypes combination (LEP-HinfI *LEPR-HpaII) were tested for associations with the pH1, pH24, myoglobin content (mg/100 g), intramuscular fat content (%) and remission (%). The genotypes were determined in Large White, Landrace and Duroc breeds (n = 106, 56 and 4, respectively). The allele frequencies were: LEP-HinfI: C = 0.133 T = 0.867; LEPR-HpaII: A = 0.331 B = 0.669; H-FABP-HinfI: H = 0.745 h = 0.255. The populations...
Kombinace faktorové analýzy a Fourierovy transformace při hodnocení jakosti surové vody
Combination of the factor analysis and Fourier transformation during evaluation of the water quality
Petra Nováková, Milada Šťastná
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 95-102 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040095
The applied method - combination of the factor analysis and Fourier transformation is not routinely used in the water management. Due to the fact that the statistic program Prognost is able to do the analysis only from limited number of the quantities, only selected surface water quality indicators were included in the analysis. Therefore it wasn't possible to prove the influence of all eventual natural and anthropogenic impacts in the catchment area that affect the water quality in the reservoir Vranov nad Dyjí. By the selected indicators it was possible to cover especially the effects of the intensive agriculture, the settlement, the recreation (especially...
Heteronychia cullotorum sp. n., další neznámý druh masařky ze Sicílie (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)
Heteronychia cullottorum sp. n. - a next undescribed species of flesh-flies from Sicily (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)
D. Povolný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 103-106 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040103
Heteronychia cullottorum sp. n. is described from Sicily (Pizzo San Angelo, Gibilmana, Madonie, 1081 m a.s.l.). The new species is related to Heteronychia obvia Povolný, 2004. The most important habitual and especially male genitalia differences are discussed and the species-specific characters are figured.
VLIV SMĚSI ORGANICKÝCH KYSELIN A MIKROBIÁLNÍHO INOKULANTU NA FERMENTAČNÍ PROCES LABORATORNÍCH SILÁŽÍ Z MAČKANÉHO VLHKÉHO ZRNA KUKUŘICE
The effect of organic acid mixture and bacterial inoculant on fermentation in laboratory silos of climper high moisture maize grain corn
Václav Pyrochta, Petr Doležal, Jan Doležal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 107-116 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040107
In the experiment, the effect of chemical (A) and biological (B) additiva on the fermentation quality of climper high moisture maize grain corn was examined, compared with the untreated control (K). The chemical means contained propionic, formic and benzoic acids and ammonium formate as effective substances. As effective substances of bacterial water-soluble inoculants, selected were bacterial strains of Propionibacterium shermanii JS and Lactobacillus casei LC-705. Both conservative preservatives were added equally to the ensilaged material. The addition of chemical additivum under conditions of our experiment increased statistically...
Energetická analýza různých systémů využívání lučních porostů
Energy analysis of various grassland utilisation systems
Jozef Ržonca, Martina Mitrušková, Jan Pozdíšek, Richard Pospíšil, Pavlína Mičová, Marie Štýbnarová, Marie Svozilová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 117-126 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040117
In 2003 and 2004 was carried out the energy analysis of the different types of permanent grassland utilization on the Hrubý Jeseník locality. There were estimated values of the particular entrances of additional energy. Energy entrances moved according to the pratotechnologies from 2.17 GJ. ha-1 to 22.70 GJ.ha-1. The biggest share on energy entrances had fertilizers. It was 84.93% by the nitrogen fertilisation. The most energy benefit of brutto and nettoenergy was marked by the low intensive utilisation (33.40 GJ.ha-1 NEL and 32.40 GJ.ha-1 NEV on average). The highest value of energy efficiency (13.23%) was...
Reologické vlastnosti vaječného žloutku
Rheological properties of ageing egg yolk
Libor Severa, Šárka Nedomová, Ivo Křivánek, Jaroslav Buchar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 127-138 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040127
The rheological behaviour of egg yolk after different storage periods and temperatures was investigated using rotational viscometer. The eggs were stored for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 weeks at constant temperatures: 4 °C, 8 °C, 12 °C and 16 °C. The apparent viscosity was measured as a function of shear rate. For given shearing rate, the viscosity was measured in dependence on shearing time. The decrease of viscosity with storage time is attributed to the balance of different osmotic pressure from yolk and albumen of fresh egg. The yolk (with higher dry matter then albumen) absorbs water from albumen through vitelline membrane. It was found that yolk samples...
Hodnocení kvality ovzduší Na dvou stanovištích monitorovací sÍtě V brně ve vztahu k synoptickým situacím
Evaluation of the air quality at the two monitoring sities in Brno related to the synoptic situation
Jan Svoboda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 139-144 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040139
The main objective of this work was to evaluate influnce of transportation on the air quality using IAQ (index of air quality). The data from one of the AIM station were evaluated. The trend in air quality development in years 1996-2003 was described. In days with adverse IAQ values the probable cause of the phenomenon was determined. It is obvious that adverse IAQ values were recorded during these synoptic situations: centre anticyklone, wedge of high pressure, weak pressure field and warm sector of front systém. The most frequent was the centre anticyklone synoptic situation which is typical (mainly during winter) by air temperature inversion.
Porovnanie exteriéru moravského a šarvarského teplokrvníka
Comparison of body conformation of Moravian warm-blooded horse and Sarvar horse
Jana Šamková, Iva Jiskrová, Eva Sobotková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 145-150 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040145
Measurements of 7 body measures and 6 indices of body conformation on 34 breeding individuals of Moravian warm-blooded horse and 19 of Sarvar horse (Leutstettener) were used to analyse the effect of country of origin (Czech Republik, Germany), sire lines or breed (Furioso, Przedswit, English thoroughbred, Sarvar, Others) and age (4 classes). All horses were measured by one person. Measures and indexes were analysed by GLM procedure. Significant differences were found between both Czech and German population only in index of body frame. Sarvar horses are longer to their height than Moravian warm-blooded horses. The shorter body frame have the horses...
Katalog druhů živočichů cizího původu v České republice
Catalogue of alien animal species in the Czech Republic
Hana Šefrová, Zdeněk Laštůvka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 151-170 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040151
The catalogue of alien animal species registered in the Czech Republic, with data on their origin, date on the first observation, way of introduction (accidental, deliberate, spontaneous), invasive status (casual, non-invasive, post-invasive, invasive), habitat (eusynanthropic, urban, agricultural, natural), trophic requirements and possible influences (plant or stored-product pest, biodiversity influence). In total 595 species are listed, i.e. 1.8% of the fauna of this country; of these, 22 species of molluscs (8.8% of the local fauna), 451 spp. of arthropods (1.5%), 383 spp. of insects (1.4%), and 55 spp. of vertebrates (9.2%). Among the registered...
Rozdílná účinnost parazitických hlístic Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita na slimáčky rodu Deroceras a plzáky rodu Arion
Differentiated effects of parasitic nematodes Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita on slugs of the genus Deroceras and snails of the genus Arion
Pavlína Šenoldová, Jiří Rotrekl
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 171-176 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040171
This paper compares efficiency of preparations based on a parasitic nematode species Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita with a molluscocide containing methiocarb as an effective substance. Parasitic nematodes by the family Agriolimacidae showed a significantly better effect on mortality and reduction of the percentage of damaged plants than the methiocarb-based preparation. Under laboratory and field conditions, the efficiency of parasitic nematodes on the family Agriolimacidae ranged from 84% to 94% and from 81% to 94%, resp., while the percentages of damaged plants were minimal in both cases. The corresponding effects of the methiocarb-based...
Vliv teploty na sorpční chování vlhkých zemědělských produktů
Effect of temperature on moisture sorption phenomena in agricultural products
Jiří Štencl
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 177-184 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040177
The paper demonstrates importance of temperature influence on dehydration processes using drying model equations in introductory part and further presents results of water sorption tests of parsley leaves. Measurements were carried out under laboratory conditions in the temperature range of 10-40 °C and relative air humidity from 30 to 100%. Moisture sorption isotherms were tested using a gravimetric dynamic method with continuous recording of changes in sample weight. Five mathematical models available in the literature (Chung-Pfost, GAB, Halsey, Henderson, and Oswin) were statistical evaluated. The Henderson equation was found to be a good model...
Nález tasemnice Mesocestoides litteratus (Batsch, 1786) u lišek v České republice
Mesocestoides litteratus (Batsch, 1786) (Cestoda), parasite of Vulpes vulpes (L., 1758) (Carnivora) in the Czech Republic
František Tenora
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 185-188 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040185
Presented is the priority finding of the tapeworm species Mesocestoides litteratus (Batsch, 1786) in Vulpes vulpes (L.,1758) in the Czech Republic.
HODNOCENÍ MECHANIZOVANÉ SKLIZNĚ HROZNŮ
Evaluation of mechanical harvesting in viticulture
Pavel Zemánek, Patrik Burg
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(4), 191-194 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553040191
Harvesting by mashine was in CZ tested at bygones century (70th). Tests rekord were bad (high share of leaf, detritus of concrete column, losses of berries).Lasting fall of worker in agriculture and vehement growth floricultural surfaces - vineyard (somewhere 19.000 hectare), requires complex rationalization and mechanization of all works stages which needs needlework. Harvisting in viniculture needs perhaps 30% of all working time (200-250 o'clock on 1 hectare). Incidence thereof begun most of bigger producers in our country with mechanical harvisting. Technical performance of this machines turn up. There are not available data about...