Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2014 (vol. 62), issue 5
The Response of Basal Area Increment in Old Sprout-origin Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) Trees During Their Conversion to a Coppice-with-standards
Zdeněk Adamec, Jan Kadavý, Michal Kneifl, Markéta Šplíchalová, Martin Klimánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 837-847 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050837 
This paper addresses the response of adult sprout-origin sessile oaks (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) to a strong release. Our research plot was established at the Training Forest Enterprise of Mendel University in Brno (Czech Republic) at the turn of 2008/2009. The plot is situated on a plateau with mesotrofic soil in a beech-oak forest vegetation zone at an altitude of 410 m above sea level. Tree responses were monitored using precise girth measurements. During the first year after the release, the basal area increment showed a positive correlation with only the tree diameter. During the second and third year, the basal area increment was...
Effect of Various Compost Doses on the Soil Infiltration Capacity
Barbora Badalíková, Jaroslava Bartlová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 849-858 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050849
In the years 2008-2012, the infiltration capacity was monitored in the different sites, viz. on the arable land and permanent grassland. In the permanent grassland site the soil was characterised as Leptic Cambisol, loamy sand with the depth of the top layer 0.20 m while on the arable land, it was classified as Eutric Cambisol, sandy loam with the maximum depth of the topsoil humus horizon 0. 40 m. Experimental variants with different doses of incorporated compost were as follows: Variant 1 -without compost incorporation, Variant 2 - compost incorporated in the dose of 80 t.ha-1, Variant 3 - compost incorporated in the dose of 150 t.ha-1....
The Influence of Regeneration Fellings on the Development of Artificially Regenerated Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Plantations
Pavel Bednář, Jakub Černý
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 859-867 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050859
This paper analyses the development of beech plantations aged 7 to 18 years that were planted in gap cuts (0.1-0.25 ha; ISF 50%), clear cuts (0.5-1.0 ha; ISF 87%) and finally underplanted areas in shelterwood cuts in mature spruce stands (G = 22-26 m2/ha; ISF 28%). The research consisted of the following analyses: height growth, diameter growth and beech quality development. We used standard statistical tools (p < 0.05) for evaluating height and diameter growth, which showed significant differences in both characteristics (total height and DBH) within 7-year-old and 13-year-old plantations grown in all three regeneration treatments....
The Risk Assessment at the Workplace of Assembly Operation
Marek Burda, Martin Kotus, Mária Burdová, Tomáš Holota, Tomáš Pauliček, Martin Zach
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 869-874 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050869
Risk Assessment Process by FMEA method involve hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control processes and their input is fundamental to a successful EH&S system. This Risk assessment tool follows the general process and requirements of the Health and Safety Risk Assessment Procedure.
Evaluation of Grape Pomace Composting Process
Patrik Burg, Tomáš Vítěz, Jan Turan, Jana Burgová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 875-881 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050875
The paper deals with the problems of composting of grape pomace in strip compost piles. The three variants of compost piles formed from grape pomace and vegetables waste, wood chips and mature in varying proportions were tested. Turning of piles was performed using windrow turner PKS 2.8, in which the achieved performance was monitored. On the performance of windrow turner has a significant influence also cross section or width and height of turning piles and the bulk density of ingredients including their moisture. In evaluating, attention has been paid to assessment of selected parameters (temperature, moisture content) of the composting process....
The Impact of Farming and Land Ownership on Soil Erosion
Olga Čermáková, Miloslav Janeček, Andrea Jindrová, Jan Kořínek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 883-890 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050883
The aim of this paper was to compare two methods of farming, especially their effect on water soil erosion. The examined methods were (1) large-scale farming, where more than 50% of the land was leased, and (2) small-scale farming, where the land was almost exclusively privately owned. The research area was 8 cadastres in the district of Hodonín, South Moravia, Czech Republic. In these cadastres 48 land blocks representing both large-scale and small-scale farming (i.e. owners and tenants) were chosen. The long-term average annual soil loss caused by water erosion (G) was calculated using the erosion model USLE 2D and ArcGIS 10.1. The nonparametric...
The Daily Pattern of Main Activities in the Gelada Baboon (Theropithecus gelada)
Radek Filipčík, Ladislav Máchal, Daria Baholet, Gustav Chládek, Martin Hošek, Michaela Paldusová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 891-896 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050891
The aim of this work was to observe and analyse the main daily activities in the group of geladas kept in the Zlín Zoo. The experimental group was formed by three males (one of them was a dominant alfa male) and four females who were in the reproductive cycle at the observation period. The behavioural study included five recurrent observations which took place in March 2014. The observations revealed that geladas spent most of the time feeding (44.1%) and performing comfort behaviour (24.6%). About 7.7-10.4% of the total time the geladas spent moving, resting and observing the neighbourhoods. The settled and stable social hierarchy within the group...
Effect of Prepartum Supplementation of Yeast Culture (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) on Biochemical Parameters of Dairy Cows and Their Newborn Calves
Martina Fröhdeová, Veronika Mlejnková, Kateřina Lukešová, Petr Doležal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 897-904 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050897
The aim of our experiment was to compare the effect of different levels of the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. c.) yeast culture on feed carrier to the current ration MK DOJ Levucell SC 20, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 (E 1711) 20.1010 CFU on the blood parameters of high-pregnant breeding cows and their calves. The experiment included 42 breeding cows of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle breed and their calves. The breeding cows were divided into two age groups, each of 21 heads. The first group included heifers and the second group consisted of cows on the 2nd and higher lactation. Each age group had 7 control...
Quantitative Determination of Mineral Phases by the X-Ray Powder Diffraction Method in Organo-Mineral Substrates (Digestate, Compost and Ash From Biomass)
Milan Geršl, Jan Mareček, Dalibor Matýsek, Tomáš Vítěz, Pavol Findura
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 905-909 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050905
In the field of energetics and renewable energy sources, fertilizers, remediation and recultivation, waste management and other, biomass is widely studied and used these days. Determining the mineral phases present in the biomass is essential for determining the binding of chemical elements from which further derives its availability or unavailability for soil processes, plant nutrition or behaviour in technological processes. Semiquantitative phase analyses were carried out by the X-ray powder diffraction method (XRD).
Reliability of Milk Recording Data Under Conditions of Automatic Milking System
Oto Hanuš, Pavel Hering, Gustav Chládek, Daniel Falta, Petr Roubal, Radoslava Jedelská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 911-917 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050911
Automatic milking system (AMS) brings a change in approach to ensure the data reliability in the official milk recording (MR). The AMS is equipped with flowmeter. AMS software provides the daily milk yield (DMY) and average of the last 7 daily milk yields (AVG7) for MR. Classic MR uses DMY. AVG7 could be more reliable value. Origin of both records (DMY and AVG7) is from AMS flowmeter. The aim of paper was to compare the values of milk yield of cows from daily (DMY) and the extended records (AVG7) from AMS for objective assess of lactations to be used in cattle breeding. Study (2013) with 2 AMS herds (DeLaval and Lely Astronaut): herd 1 - Holstein (H)...
Development in Indirect Infra-red Determination of Milk Acetone
Oto Hanuš, Petr Roubal, Jan Říha, Marcela Vyletělová Klimešová, Eva Samková, Radoslava Jedelská, Jaroslav Kopecký
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 919-927 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050919
Milk acetone (AC) is an indicator of energy metabolism of cows and ketosis occurrence. AC result inerpretation is essential for prevention and treatment in dairy cow herds. There is necessary an effective method with reliable results. The goal was to evaluate the mid infrared method MIR-FT in terms of calibration for AC. Microdiffusion photometric (485 nm) method with salicylaldehyde as reference (RE) and MIR-FT (Lactoscope FT-IR, Delta (D); MilkoScan FT 6000 (F); Bentley (Bentley Instruments (B)) as indirect method were used. Selected (from high yielding dairy cows in early lactation) individual milk samples (MSs; n = 89) were used for MIR-FT calibration...
A Comparison of Result Reliability for Investigation of Milk Composition by Alternative Analytical Methods in Czech Republic
Oto Hanuš, Jan Říha, Eva Samková, David Ledvina, Gustav Chládek, Josef Kučera, Petr Roubal, Radoslava Jedelská, Jaroslav Kopecký
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 929-937 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050929
The milk analyse result reliability is important for assurance of foodstuff chain quality. There are more direct and indirect methods for milk composition measurement (fat (F), protein (P), lactose (L) and solids non fat (SNF) content). The goal was to evaluate some reference and routine milk analytical procedures on result basis. The direct reference analyses were: F, fat content (Röse-Gottlieb method); P, crude protein content (Kjeldahl method); L, lactose (monohydrate, polarimetric method); SNF, solids non fat (gravimetric method). F, P, L and SNF were determined also by various indirect methods: - MIR (infrared (IR) technology with optical filters),...
Comparing the Hydraulic Control of Tractor Three-point Hitch
Juraj Jablonický, Pavel Máchal, Anton Žikla, Ján Kosiba, Ľubomír Hujo, Vladislav Hajdák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 939-944 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050939
In this paper, there are monitored and compared the parameters of tractor three-point hitch control. Comparisons were carried out under laboratory conditions for two types of regulation. The first one was a standard mechanical and the second one was electro-hydraulic Bosch. Testing was performed on a test bench designed for the Department of Transport and Handling (Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra). The results of measurements are evaluated statistically and shown in a graphical form.
Path Analysis of Grain Yield and Yield Components and Some Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat
Mohsen Janmohammadi, Naser Sabaghnia, Mojtaba Nouraein
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 945-952 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050945
Development of new bread wheat cultivars needs efficient tools to monitor trait association in a breeding program. This investigation was aimed to characterize grain yield components and some agronomic traits related to bread wheat grain yield. The efficiency of a breeding program depends mainly on the direction of the correlation between different traits and the relative importance of each component involved in contributing to grain yield. Correlation and path analysis were carried out in 56 bread wheat genotypes grown under field conditions of Maragheh, Iran. Observations were recorded on 18 wheat traits and correlation coefficient analysis revealed...
Evaluation of Suitability of Grass Species for Dry Conditions (Water Stress)
Paulo António Jerónimo, František Hrabě, Pavel Knot, Michal Kvasnovský
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 953-960 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050953
Based on three-year results of a field experiment evaluating aboveground biomass production and the number of stems of above-ground shoots of grass species (Lolium perenne, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis) grown in a 200×200 mm layout in two water regime variants (normal and reduced - 50% of precipitation) and further in two variants of mowing intensity (meadow - 3 mowings, grazing - 5 mowings per year), the following has been ascertained. The most productive species on averages of the two moisture regimes is Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne and Festuca pratensis have fodder weight significantly lower by 20.8% and...
Possibilities of Monitoring the Technical Condition of the Combustion Engine with Starter Load Current
Michal Jukl, Adam Polcar, Jiří Čupera
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 961-969 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050961
This article deals with the verification of relations between the electric current of engine starter and tightness of the combustion chamber and the possibility of its use for the evaluation of the state in terms of engine wear. Engine wear is closely related to the quality of fuel combustion and also with the amount of produced harmful emissions. On this basis, it would be possible to extend the technical requirements of the protocol OBD to include the indirect control of engine wear. To meet the objectives set out above measurement was carried out by a petrol engine, which was located in the vehicle Škoda Felicia Combi GLX 1.3 The whole measurement...
The study of similarities among Czech alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties
Daniela Knotová, Jiří Skládanka, Jan Pelikán
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 971-977 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050971
Within the period of 2010-2011, a set of 14 Czech alfalfa cultivars was evaluated in the research locality Troubsko. On small plots and also in the individual plantations altogether 51 descriptors were evaluated. Statistical differences existing among cultivars in individual trait sunder study were analysed using the method of point and interval estimations of average values. Intraspecific variability was studied on the base of estimation of variation coefficients. A high degree of intraspecific uniformity was found in cultivars 'Jarka' and 'Holyna' while the lowest one was registered in the cultivar 'Litava'. Green matter yields ranged from 66.3 t.ha-1...
Optical Analysis of Fractional Particles
Pavol Koleda, Ľubomír Naščák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 979-984 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050979
Analysis of fractal particles, like sawdust or dust, by sieve method is rather difficult in terms of the measuring system and time-consuming at samples evaluation. The results give only partial information of the particle dimensions in an examinable sample. Modern optical methods of fractal particles analysis in the industry complexly acquaint with the sample; they provide information about the particle rate and size, average, maximum and minimum occurring dimension, particle surface, and shape composition of a sample.In our experiment were evaluated wood particles with IP camera IQEye 702. Camera captures the scene with sawdust and send video...
Ecological and Socio-economic Evaluation of Weed Vegetation in Stands of Energy Grass Miscanthus × giganteus
Lýdia Končeková, Alexander Fehér, Daniela Halmová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 985-990 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050985
In experimental research plots in Kolíňany (SW Slovakia), ecological and socio-economic characteristics of weed vegetation were evaluated in the energy stands of Miscanthus × giganteus during three vegetation seasons (2010-2012). The spontaneous vegetation in the Miscanthus stand was dominated by annual therophytes (55.5 to 62%) and geophytes (17.2 to 22.2%). We identified two categories of herbaceous undergrowth in Miscanthus plantation: with potential positive (e.g. presence of medicinal plants and plants with melliferous potential) and potential negative impacts (e.g. invasive and toxic plants). Based on our observations, we can conclude...
Araneofauna of the Křéby National Nature Monument (Eastern Moravia, Czech Republic) with some notes to conservation management of the locality
Ondřej Košulič
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 991-1005 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462050991
This paper makes a faunistic contribution to knowledge of spider composition in the xerothermic habitats of the Křéby National Nature Monument which is located in Kroměříž district, eastern Moravia. Spiders were collected by four different methods during 25 April-28 October 2013: pitfall traps, sweeping of herb vegetation, individual collecting and beating the branches of shrubs and trees. In total, 1070 individuals (865 adult spiders) were collected and identified as 114 species of 19 families. The species diversity in the Křéby area is rather high, representing approximately 13% of Czech araneofauna. Of the identified species, five are listed in...
Measurement of Heat Losses on The Milking Machine Electric Motor at Various Regulations of Vacuum Using Methods of Thermal Imagery
Jan Kudělka, Jiří Fryč, Petr Trávníček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1007-1014 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051007
To ensure the desirable vacuum in the milking machines, use is currently made predominantly of rotary vacuum pumps. These vacuum pumps are driven by a squirrel-cage induction motor. Until recently, the vacuum in the system to achieve the required value was controlled by a main control valve sucking in ambient air into the system. During the milking process itself and during other activities (flushing, sanitation), this control method consumed a large amount of electricity. The technical solution to electricity demand reduction was introduced with the emergence and development of frequency converters. The frequency converters control the operation of...
Excessive Additive Effect On Engine Oil Viscosity
Vojtěch Kumbár, Jiří Votava
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1015-1020 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051015
The main goal of this paper is excessive additive (for oil filling) effect on engine oil dynamic viscosity. Research is focused to commercially distribute automotive engine oil with viscosity class 15W-40 designed for vans. There were prepared blends of new and used engine oil without and with oil additive in specific ratio according manufacturer's recommendations. Dynamic viscosity of blends with additive was compared with pure new and pure used engine oil. The temperature dependence dynamic viscosity of samples was evaluated by using rotary viscometer with standard spindle. Concern was that the oil additive can moves engine oil of several viscosity...
Applications of Mechatronics in Seating Furniture
Hynek Maňák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1021-1032 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051021
Mechatronics is gradually being used in different fields of the production process and final products. In the field of home seating furniture, it has not been formally declared as such yet. The purpose of further development of seating furniture is to improve its ergonomic parameters, to improve user comfort in controlling and using seating furniture or to provide new additional functions of seating furniture. Application of mechatronic principles can be presumed within the framework of this development. An analysis of the current state of reclining seating furniture, which uses mechanical and electromechanical positioning mechanisms, is conducted...
Methodology for Determining the Cutting Conditions in Drilling of Automated Manufacturing
Darina Matisková, Martin Kotus
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1033-1040 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051033
Hole machining is quite common in engineering technology. It follows from the requirements of the specific holes used not only for arranging various types of shafts and axis but also for jointing parts and other purposes. This paper illustrates methodology and experiments for determination of optimal cutting conditions and appropriate cutting tools based on an example of drilling. The choice of drilling technology is based on the design requirements for the shape and dimensions, namely the nature of semi-finished product, with regards to the requirements of quality, reliability and economic efficiency.
Microbiological Quality of Experimental Silages in Combination With the Addition of Topsoil Soil Layer and Ensiling Additives
Veronika Mlejnková, Martina Fröhdeová, Libor Kalhotka, Petr Doležal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1041-1048 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051041
Fodder crops contamination by the surface layer of soil is important in terms of the occurrence of clostridial spores that can infect silage through the contaminated fodder crops, which is followed by the feeding and occurrence of clostridia in the environment of the stalls resulting in their presence in milk, milk products and finally in the human digestive system. The main objective of the submitted study was to assess the impact of added topsoil layer and ensiling additives on the hygienic quality of the experimental silages. In the model experiment, we used alfalfa from the second cut. In total, the experiment included 9 various treatments in three...
Stability Analysis of Durum Wheat Genotypes by Regression Parameteres in Dryland Conditions
Mohtasham Mohammadi, Peyman Sharifi, Rahmatollah Karimizadeh
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1049-1056 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051049
The objectives of this study were to estimate genotype × environment (GE) interaction effects and to determine the stable durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum Desf.) genotypes for grain yield in warm winter areas of Iran. Twenty durum wheat genotypes, including 18 experimental lines and two local checks were evaluated during three cropping seasons (2004-2006) at five research sites. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the main effects of location and genotype and interaction effects of genotype × year, genotype × location and genotype × year × location were highly significant for grain yield. GE interaction was analyzed using...
Measurements of Flat-Plate Milk Coolers
Vlastimil Nejtek, Jiří Fryč, Josef Los
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1057-1064 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051057
Measuring in laboratory conditions was performed with the aim to collect a sufficient quantity of measured data for the qualified application of flat-plate coolers in measuring under real operating conditions. The cooling water tank was filled with tap water; the second tank was filled with water at a temperature equivalent to freshly milked milk. At the same time, pumps were activated that delivered the liquids into the flat-plate cooler where heat energy was exchanged between the two media. Two containers for receiving the run-out liquid were placed on the outputs from the cooler; here, temperature was measured with electronic thermometer and volume...
Surf Zone Hydrodynamics and its Utilization in Biotechnical Stabilization of Water Reservoir Banks
Petr Pelikán, Pavla Pilařová, Jana Marková, Lenka Gernešová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1065-1070 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051065
The water reservoir banks are eroded mainly by two factors. The first one is wave action (i.e. wave abrasion) affecting the bank in direction from the reservoir. The second one is the influence of water flowing downward over the bank surface in direction from land into the reservoir (e.g. rainfall). The determination of regular altitudinal emplacement of proper designed particular biotechnical stabilization elements is the most important factor on which the right functionality of whole construction depends. Surf zone hydrodynamics solves the wave and water level changes inside the region extending from the wave breaking point to the limit of wave up-rush....
Effects of Different Soil Tillage Intensity on Yields of Spring Barley
Alena Pernicová, Blanka Procházková, Pavel Hledík, Tomáš Filipský
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1071-1078 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051071
Within the period 1990-2012, effects of different soil tillage intensity on yields of spring barley were studied in a field experiment in the sugar-beet producing region (Ivanovice na Hané, Czech Republic). The forecrop of the spring barley was always sugar beet; following in three different crop rotations, after maize for silage, winter wheat and spring barley. Four variants of tillage were evaluated: Variant 1 - ploughing to the depth of 0.22 m; Variant 2 - shallow ploughing to the depth of 0.15 m; Variant 3 - no tillage; Variant 4 - shallow loosening soil to the depth of 0.10 m.Effect of different tillage on yields of spring barley was statistically...
Analyses of Spring Barley Evapotranspiration Rates Based on Gradient Measurements and Dual Crop Coefficient Model
Gabriela Pozníková, Milan Fischer, Eva Pohanková, Miroslav Trnka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1079-1086 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051079
The yield of agricultural crops depends on water availability to a great extent. According some projections, the likelihood of stress caused by drought is increasing in future climates expected for the Central Europe. Therefore, in order to manage agro-ecosystems properly, it is necessary to know water demand of particular crops as precisely as possible. Evapotranspiration (ET) is the main part of water balance which takes the water from agro-ecosystems away. The ET consists of evaporation from the soil (E) and transpiration (T) through the stomata of plants. In this study, we investigated ET of spring barley 1-ha field (Domanínek, Czech Republic)...
Effect of Cutting Pattern and Fertilization Level on Species Diversity and Evaluation of Grassland Quality
Josef Raus, Pavel Knot, Jiří Skládanka, Michal Kvasnovský, Martin Sochorec, Jhonny Edison Alba Mejía, František Hrabě
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1087-1093 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051087
The effects of fertilization level and cutting pattern on the species diversity and quality of a meadow stand were assessed in 2004-2012 in the small plot trial established in 2003 in Vatín, Vysočina Region, Czech Republic. Four levels of fertilization (none; N0 + P30 + K60 kg∙ha-1; N90 + P30 + K60 kg∙ha-1; N180 + P30 + K60 kg∙ha-1) were combined with four treatments of exploitation intensity (4 cuts per year, first cut on 15th May, every next after 45 days; 3 cuts per year, first cut on...
Environmental Potential Identification on the Example of the Nízký Jeseník Highlands
Aleš Ruda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1095-1102 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051095
Human activities have a variety of impacts on the environment and local communities as well. Many adverse impacts on landscape have appeared for example in context of tourism development which was considered as an environmentally friendly industry for a long time. That is why it is necessary to find out limits to maintain the environment as well as tourism, because as it turns out in status quo it does not work as it should do. Regions with damaged environment lose its value for the quality of living and the landscape is under the uncontrolled load which burdens the environment. On the level of municipality planning it is important to have precise...
Draft Sensor Loading Analysis
Dušan Slimařík, Pavel Sedlák, Petr Dostál
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1103-1108 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051103
This article deals with loading analysis of draft sensor which is used in nowadays tractor as standard. Directional sensitivity and response to the loading force of draft sensor behavior are the main goal of this work. For this purpose special measuring chain was developed. Experiment was realized with ZETOR 130 HSX which uses BOSCH draft sensors as a source for force sensing. Applied loading was measured with calibrated load cell located in measuring chain between draft sensor and ratchet mechanism. In total, three positions of lower arms were examined. Maximum loading force reached value of 30 kN. This was limited by ratchet mechanism regulations....
Monitoring of Vegetative Phenological Stages in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Growing in a Mixed Stand
Kristýna Slovíková, Emilie Bednářová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1109-1115 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051109
The paper presents results of monitoring of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) vegetative phenophases within the period of years 2005-2010 as related to results of evaluation involving data collected since 1991. This phenological study was performed in a young mixed forest stand situated in the Drahanská vrchovina uplands in the altitude of 625 m.a.s.l. Beginnings and duration of individual phenophases differed in dependence on the course of weather conditions in individual years of study. The highest variability was observed in the stage of budbreak. The obtained results indicate that the onset of spring phenophases was dependent on temperatures existing...
The Impact of Site Extremes on the Onset of Phenological Phases of Selected Tree Species
Jana Škvareninová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1117-1124 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051117
In the years 2007-2013 we performed phenological observations of common hazel (Corylus avellana L.), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.), and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) at two locations of central Slovakia situated at elevations of 300 m and 530 m a.s.l. The phenophase of first leaves of all tree species started in the second half of April on average, and was conditioned by the average daily air temperatures above 0 °C. The earliest onset was observed at both locations in 2007 due to the highest average air temperature during the observed period, which in March reached the value of 6.1 °C. Colouring of leaves started in the...
Effects of Pretreatments and Drying Temperatures on Drying Characteristics, Antioxidant Properties and Color of Ginger Slice
Ratiya Thuwapanichayanan, Charotorn Phowong, Donludee Jaisut, Jiří Štencl
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1125-1134 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051125
To reduce the adverse effects of hot air drying, ginger slices were pretreated prior to drying. The effects of 2 pretreatment methods (blanching versus dipping in 0.1% ascorbic acid solution) and drying temperatures (60, 70 and 80 °C) on the drying characteristics and the qualities of the dried ginger slices in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activities (DPPH and ABTS methods) and color were investigated. It was noted that the moisture content for both un-pretreated and pretreated samples decreased more rapidly when drying was performed at higher drying temperatures. However, the drying time of un-pretreated and pretreated samples...
Greening of Agricultural and Forestry Tractors
Zdenko Tkáč, Ľubomír Hujo, Juraj Tulík, Ján Kosiba, Daniela Uhrinová, Vladimír Šinský
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1135-1139 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051135
This publication deals with the draft of measurement chain for application of synthetic organic liquid Hydros Uni in agricultural tractor Zetor Proxima 7441. The used organic liquid was evaluated on the basis of its effect on the technical condition of hydrostatic converter UD 20. By the drafted measurement chain, it was performed individual measurements which were realized by specific engine speed and prescribed temperature. Then, the flow values were statistically analyzed. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that the proposed measurement chain meets the requirements for measuring the flow characteristics of liquids. Based on the results...
Apoderus coryli (L.) - a Biologically Little Known Species of the Attelabidae (Coleoptera)
Jaroslav Urban
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1141-1160 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051141
Hazel-leaf roller weevil (Apoderus coryli /L./) is a noteworthy species from the perspective of biology and forestry; it belongs to the family Attelabidae. Its occurrence, development and harmfulness were studied in surroundings of Brno city in 2011 and 2012. Imagoes of the first generation and those of not very numerous second generation are observed to winter in the area under study. From the beginning of May to the end of July they occur on the host woody plants (mainly on Carpinus betulus and Corylus avellana). The males and females consume on average 21 and 33 cm2 of leaves, respectively. The fertilized females...
Application of Hard Metal Weld Deposit in the Area of Mixing Organic Materials
Jiří Votava, Vojtěch Kumbár
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1161-1169 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051161
Any machine part is subject to degradation processes. Intensive wear occurs either when two bearing surfaces come into contact or when loose particles rub the function surface of a machine part. Soil processing machines are a good example. A similar process of abrasive wear occurs also in mixing machines or lines for material transport, such as worm-conveyors.The experiment part of this paper analyses hard metal weld deposit dedicated for renovation of abrasive stressed surfaces. In order to prolong the service life of a blade disc in a mixing machine Kreis-Biogas-Dissolver, the technology of hard surfacing by an electric arc was used. Tested hard...
Characteristic and Quality and Food Safety of Regional Cheese Produced from Mixed Milk
Marcela Vyletělová-Klimešová, Oto Hanuš, Jiří Horáček, Lenka Vorlová, Irena Němečková, Ludmila Nejeschlebová, Jaroslav Kopecký
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1171-1182 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051171
There were cheeses produced from raw cow's milk and from mixed milk compared. Mixed milk contained small ruminants' milk (goat's and ewe's milk) and cow's milk in different proportions. There were technological, physical and health parameters, mineral composition, microbiological indicators and sensory quality evaluated. Cow's milk, compared to mixed milk, contained markedly lower amounts of fat, protein, casein, total solids, solids non fat, urea and acetone and higher values of lactose, citric acid and free fatty acids and showed significantly lower values of somatic cell count. Mixed milk showed lower (better) results for freezing point depression,...
The Genus Heliopsis: Development of Varieties and Their Use in the European Gardens After the Mid 19th Century
Jiří Uher
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2014, 62(5), 1185-1200 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462051185
This review summarizes data on the development of varieties in historic gardens of the once very popular Ox-eyes (Heliopsis Pers., Asteraceae: Zinniinae) after the mid 19th century, with regard to the development of varietal assortments in the periods corresponding to the most important architectural styles and to their fluctuating popularity. Old varietal assortments, usually derived from large-flowered H. helianthoides var. scabra, now rapidly disappear and the oldest varieties, including the once famous Lemoine's selections, are virtually inaccessible. Until recently the most propagated Götz's and Förster's varieties...