Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2007 (vol. 55), issue 4
OBSAH ERGOSTEROLU U VYBRANÝCH DRUHŮ TRAV NA KONCI VEGETAČNÍHO OBDOBÍ
Ergosterol content in selected grasses on the end of vegetation period
Vlastimil Dohnal, Ilona Kaderová, Alena Ježková, Jiří Skládanka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 9-14 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040009 
Ergosterol is a natural compound with steroidic structure produced mainly by fungi. Due to this, it is considered as a marker of fungal spoilage. In this work, the content of ergosterol was monitored in samples of three forage crops (Festuca arundinacea x Lolium multiflorum, Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius) during period October-December 2005 and different term of summer harvesting (June or July). There were adapted and applied liquid chromatographic method with fotometric detection in ultraviolet region for determination of this compound. It was found, that the content of ergosterol strongly increased in all december's samples with small...
Srovnání potenciální a skutečné erodovatelnosti půdy větrem
Comparison of potential and real erodibility of soil by wind
Jana Dufková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 15-22 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040015
Areas the most susceptible to wind erosion were chosen for the comparison of potential and real erodibility of soil by wind. All the areas are located in the Southern Moravia, the south-east of the Czech Republic. Ambulatory measurements of parameters required for wind erodibility determination were done during 2006 in three districts that are heavily endangered by wind erosion (districts of Breclav, Znojmo and Uherske Hradiste). Potential and real erodibility by wind was determined from wind velocity, soil humidity, content of clay and non-erodible soil particles. Potential soil loss does not go over the limit of the tolerable amount of soil loss...
MIKROBIOLOGICKÉ ASPEKTY TVORBY BIOGENNÍCH AMINŮ VE ZRAJÍCÍCH SÝRECH
Microbiological aspects of biogenic amines formation in ripening cheeses
Olga Cwiková, Vlastimil Dohnal, Tomáš Komprda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 23-28 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040023
Counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), total anaerobes and enterococci were determined in the course of ripening in the edge part (E) and the core part (C) of Dutch-type semi-hard cheese produced with different fat content (30 and 45 %) by two different producers (H and R) using two different starter cultures (L and Y). Counts of LAB at the beginning of ripening (day 0) in H producer's samples were higher (P < 0,01) in comparison with the R producer's ones. Count of enterococci was the highest (P < 0,05) at the end of the ripening (176th day) in sample R30YE. Higher (P < 0,01) enterococci counts were in R producer's cheeses (in comparison...
VARIABILITA VYBRANÝCH VLASTNOSTÍ DŘEVA BUKU LESNÍHO (FAGUS SYLVATICA L.)
The variability of selected properties of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Vladimír Gryc, Hanuš Vavrčík, Štěpán Gomola
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 29-36 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040029
Variability of ring width, wood density and swelling in beech from two different areas was analysed. The variability of each property was described along the stem radius. The analysis proved that the ring width decreased in direction from the pith to the outer part of the stem (cambium). Statistically significant difference of mean ring width between locality 1 and 2 was not found. Density and volumetric swelling of wood were statistically significantly different between localities. Results showed that the density and volumetric swelling decreased from pith to cambium. Statistically significant dependency between density and volumetric swelling of...
VLIV PLEMENE A RŮZNÝCH KŘÍŽENCŮ JEHŇAT BERÁNKŮ NA JAKOST MASA
Effect of breed and different crossbreeds of lambs males on meat quality
Jan Kuchtík, František Horák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 37-42 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040037
Effect of breed (German Long-wooled breed, GL, n = 6) and different crossbreeds of lambs males of breeds GL, Merino (M) and Oxford Down (OD) on meat quality was evaluated on the basis of laboratory analyses of muscle of right rack (musculus triceps brachii). Following crossbreeds of lambs were evaluated: OD 50 M 25 GL (n = 6), GL 50 OD (n = 6), OD 75 GL (n = 6) and GL 75 OD (n = 6). Breed and crossbreeds had a highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) on contents of intramuscular fat (IMF) and ash. The factor of breed and crossbreeds had also a highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) on water holding capacity and reflectance and a significant effect...
PŘEKONÁNÍ DLOUHÉ DORMANCE OSIVA DRUHU CORNUS MAS L.
Breaking the long dormancy of seeds of the Cornus mas L. species
Vojtěch Řezníček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 43-52 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040043
The present study was focused on breaking the long dormancy of harvested and treated seed of the Cornelian cherry. We used stratification, which accelerates ripening, enables rapid termination of dormancy and removes all obstacles to germination. The seeds were obtained from three localities (Tišnov, Lednice, Žabčice). Prior to stratification the seeds were soaked in water for 24 hours and then three stages of treatment were applied; 1st control stage - cold stratification, 2nd warm-cold stage - five-phase stratification and 3rd stage - treatment with auxinoids. In stages 1 and 2 after stratification the seeds were...
MNOŽENÍ BERBERIS THUNBERGII L. ŘÍZKY PŘI POUŽITÍ MÉNĚ ZNÁMÝCH ZPŮSOBŮ STIMULACE
Study of propagation of Berberis thunbergii L. by cuttings, with using less-known methods of stimulation
Martin Říha, Petr Salaš, Vojtěch Řezníček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 53-62 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040053
The different type of own produce stimulators were tested at Berberis thunbergii L. 'Green Carpet', Berberis thunbergii 'Red Shift' and Berberis thunbergii 'Aureum'. We used the combination of growing inhibitors and quick-dip method, single quick-dip metod in solution of acetone and stimulant in form of gel. Groving inhibitors is including paclobutrazol and CCC in test. We used IBK, NAA, IAA and nicotin acid as auxins in quick-dip method. Medium was aceton solution.
Měrná vodivost ejakulátu hřebců
On the specific conductivity of stallion ejaculate
Libor Severa, Ivo Křivánek, Ladislav Máchal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 63-68 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040063
Ejaculate specific conductivity σ (S.m-1) was measured for 10 breeding stallions. The set of measurings was performed three times for native ejaculate and three times for ejaculate stored for 24 hours at 4 °C. The average value of specific conductivity of native ejaculate was found to be 1.22 ± 0.11 S.m-1, the same quantity for stored ejaculate was calculated to be 1.11 ± 0.11 S.m-1. The values of coefficients of variation have been calculated for several quantities, and qualitative (ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, and sperm motility) and quantitative parameters have been compared by way of...
Vliv termínu využití na produkci biomasy, stravitelnost organické hmoty a obsah ergosterolu u polopřirozeného travního porostu na podzim a v zimě
The effect of utilization term on the biomass production, organic matter digestibility and ergosterol content of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in winter
Jiří Skládanka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 69-76 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040069
The biomass of dry matter (DM) and forage quality of a grass pasture in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands (Czech Republic), situated at an altitude of 553 m a.s.l., was measured in late autumn and in winter in the period from 2000 to 2003. The semi-natural grass pasture was dominated by Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Elytrigia repens, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa spp., Agrostis tenuis and Phleum pratense. Biomass production and forage quality were measured in November, December and January after one preparatory cut in June or two preparatory cuts in June and July, and in June...
VLIV ZATÍŽENÍ HNACÍCH NÁPRAV A VÝŠKY ZÁVĚSU NA TAHOVÉ VLASTNOSTI TRAKTORU
Effect of the load of drive axles and high of the curtain on stress-strain properties of the tractor
Tomáš Šmerda, František Bauer
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 77-88 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040077
The goal of the experimental measurement was determination of relation among weight load of the tractor together, hitch height changes and drawbar characteristic. The measurement was realized on chassis dynamometer at MUAF in Brno. The first step consisted of rated speed characteristics measurement in conformity with OECD demands. The drawbar characteristic was measured under two selected gears. Adding 980 kg to the nominal wight of the tractor brought increasing maximal drawbar power and drawbar force together with decreasing of slip. The highest differences were observed during the mesurement of fifth gear shifted. The drawbar force grew up to 18.9%...
Nový nástroj ke vzdělávání a praktické přípravě v oblasti udržitelného využívání krajiny
New tool for education and training in sustainable land use
Milada Šťastná, Jana Dufková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 89-94 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040089
Almost every professional sector has embarked on the move toward sustainability. Most notably, business, architecture and design, urban and rural planning, agriculture, local and state governments, non-governmental organizations and higher education. European landscapes are facing rapid changes in land use, where understanding and management of this process is essential. Sustainability has become a widely acknowledged dimension of human actions, but still little stress is put on education in sustainability. This paper identifies focus of education, gives suggestions for improvements and presents a new tool for education and training in sustainable...
POSOUZENÍ VLIVU TEPLOT MĚŘENÍ SLOŽENÍ KRAVSKÉHO MLÉKA POMOCÍ FT NIR SPEKTROSKOPIE
Appraisal of the influence of the temperature at the composition of cow's milk by FT NIR spectroscopy
Květoslava Šustová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 95-102 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040095
NIR spectroscopy making use of a near infrared spectrum offers wide using in a food quality control. This quick method allows the measuring of numerous samples with minimal usage of chemicals. Due this fact it is also used in quantitative analyses of milk composition. In this study we observed an impact of different temperatures of cow's milk samples on measuring exactness. The milk samples were taken from separate dairy cows and immediately refrigerated to 6-8 °C. Until the analysis the samples were deposited in the refrigerator. Just before the analysis on FT NIR spectrometer they were warmed to 40 °C and then cooled down in water bath to the temperatures...
STANOVENÍ OBSAHOVÝCH SLOŽEK KOZÍHO MLÉKA POMOCÍ FT NIR SPEKTROMETRIE
Analysis of goat's milk by FT Near Infrared spectroscopy
Květoslava Šustová, Jan Kuchtík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 103-110 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040103
Our work deals with a possibility of determining basic composition (fat, true protein, casein, lactose and somatic cells) of goat's milk Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT NIR). Samples of milk were warmed to 40 °C, agitated, cooled to 20 °C, transferred to Petri dishes and analysed by reference methods and by FT NIR in reflectance mode. The measured area was spaced by a metallic mirror. Statistically significant differences between the reference values and the calculated values of NIR were not found (p = 0.05). Very high correlation coefficients were determined for goat's milk: fat 0.907, protein 0.989, casein 0.890 and lactose 0.981....
KONEČNĚ-PRVKOVÝ MODEL A MODÁLNÍ ANALÝZA REZONANČNÍ DESKY KLAVÍRU
Finite-element model and modal analysis of grand piano soundboard
Jan Tippner, Petr Koňas
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 111-118 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040111
The subject of this paper is description of building of general parametric model of grand piano soundboard in environment of software ANSYS. Parametric utilization of APDL (Ansys Parametric Design Language) was made in full range of this component. Physical model description includes orthotropic linear elasticity material and prescribed boundary conditions of solution of basic structural analysis (modal analysis). Main idea of this work rest in offering of model which allows simple changes of numerical simulation by changing of basic model parameters. This model allows monitoring of selected factors (changes in construction and material composition)...
VLIV STANOVIŠTĚ NA HMOTNOST A KLÍČIVOST NAŽEK BOLEHLAVU PLAMATÉHO (CONIUM MACULATUM L.)
Effect of the habitat on the mass and germinative capacity of poison hemlock (Conium maculatum L.) achenes
Jan Winkler
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 119-124 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040119
Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum L.) is a overwintering annual or biennial herb, which propagates only generatively. We estimated the germinative capacity and weight of its achenes harvested on different habitats. The territory where achenes were picked up is situated in the municipality Holice near Olomouc, Czech Republic (altitude of 220-235 m). Material was collected in the years 2002 and 2003 on two different habitats. The first one was on a field after sugar beet and maize as preceding crops, the second one was an adjacent balk. The mass of seeds was estimated in ten replications (100 achenes each). Thereafter the achenes were weighed on...
TECHNICKO-EKONOMICKÉ HODNOCENÍ APLIKACE NÁVARŮ U PLUŽNÍCH ČEPELÍ
Technical-economical evaluation of the overlays application on the plough shares
Milan Brožek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 129-136 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040129
The paper presents the performance tests results of plough shares without and with overlays. During the tests the relationship between the single plough shares wear and the plough operation time was watched. Using the in this way determined time behaviour of wear and the basic economical materials the average renovation and operation costs for each used plough share were calculated. Using this criterion it is easy to compare single technical-economical solutions.
PŘESNOST DIGITÁLNÍHO MODELU TERÉNU A JEHO VYUŽITÍ V LESNICTVÍ
Accuracy of digital terrain model and its application in forestry
Martin Klimánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 137-144 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040137
Digital terrain model (DTM) is considered as an important geospatial data layer. At the present in the Czech Republic, digital contour data sources are often used for constructing regular raster DTM; the initial process requires interpolation between the points in order to estimate values in a regular grid pattern. The commonly used data sources are: the Primary Geographic Data Base (ZABAGED), the Digital Territory Model (DMÚ25) and eventually the Regional Plans of Forest Development (OPRL). In this paper, some constructions of DTM based on the above mentioned data were tested using several software products. Algorithm parameters can be optimized in...