Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(4), 69-76 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755040069

Vliv termínu využití na produkci biomasy, stravitelnost organické hmoty a obsah ergosterolu u polopřirozeného travního porostu na podzim a v zimě

Jiří Skládanka
Ústav výživy zvířat a pícninářství, Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Česká republika

Na Českomoravské vrchovině v nadmořské výšce 553 m byla v letech 2000-2003 hodnocena produkce a kvalita travního porostu využívaného pozdě na podzim a v zimě (listopad, prosinec a leden). U polopřirozeného travního porostu s dominancí Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Elytrigia repens, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa ssp., Agrostis tenuis a Phleum pratense byly zjišťovány produkce nadzemní biomasy a stanovena stravitelnost organické hmoty (SOH) a obsah ergosterolu. Hlavnímu využití předcházela buď jedna přípravná seč v červnu nebo dvě přípravné seče v červnu a červenci, případně červnu a srpnu. Výnosy sušiny se snižovaly od listopadu do ledna. V závislosti na sledovaném roce a termínu přípravné seče byly v listopadu výnosy sušiny od 0,37 do 3,13 t.ha-1 a v lednu od 0,15 t. ha-1 do 1,36 t.ha-1. Od listopadu do ledna klesala také stravitelnost organické hmoty. V listopadu byla od 44,8 % do 60,6 % a v lednu od 35,2 % do 57,8 %. Opožděný termín přípravné seče v létě se odrazil ve zvýšení stravitelnosti a snížení produkce nadzemní biomasy. Obsah ergosterolu v průběhu podzimu a zimy stoupal. V listopadu byl od 40 mg.kg-1 sušiny do 111 mg.kg-1 sušiny a v lednu od 110 mg.kg-1 sušiny do 265 mg.kg-1 sušiny. Nižší obsah ergosterolu byl při pozdějším termínu přípravné seče. Statisticky průkazný vliv (P < 0,05) na výnosy a kvalitu píce měl nejen termín hlavního využití (listopad, prosinec nebo leden), tak také poslední termín přípravné seče v létě (červen, červenec nebo srpen).

zimní pastva, biomasa, stravitelnost organické hmoty, ergosterol

The effect of utilization term on the biomass production, organic matter digestibility and ergosterol content of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in winter

The biomass of dry matter (DM) and forage quality of a grass pasture in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands (Czech Republic), situated at an altitude of 553 m a.s.l., was measured in late autumn and in winter in the period from 2000 to 2003. The semi-natural grass pasture was dominated by Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Elytrigia repens, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa spp., Agrostis tenuis and Phleum pratense. Biomass production and forage quality were measured in November, December and January after one preparatory cut in June or two preparatory cuts in June and July, and in June and August. Biomass of DM decreased from November to January and ranged, depending on the year and the number of preparatory cuts, from 0.37-3.13 t ha-1 in November to 0.15-1.36 t ha-1 in January. The biomass of DM decreased the later the preparatory cut. Organic matter digestibility decreased from November to January, ranging from 0.448-0.606 in November to 0.352-0.578 in January. A delayed preparatory cut resulted in an increased digestibility. Ergosterol concentration increased with the progressing autumn and winter, ranging from 40-111 mg kg-1 DM in November to 110-265 mg kg-1 DM in January. Lower ergosterol concentrations were observed after a late preparatory cut. The results were statistically analysed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. The length of the main use was observed to have a significant effect on biomass of DM, digestibility of organic matter and ergosterol concentration (P < 0.05) in all three years of the investigation.

Keywords: winter grazing, biomass, organic matter digestibility, ergosterol
Grants and funding:

The work originated under support from the grant project QF3018 of the Czech Republic.

Received: January 16, 2007; Published: November 26, 2014  Show citation

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Skládanka, J. (2007). The effect of utilization term on the biomass production, organic matter digestibility and ergosterol content of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in winter. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 55(4), 69-76. doi: 10.11118/actaun200755040069
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