Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2009 (vol. 57), issue 2
Hodnocení dlouhodobých bilancí organických látek a jejich vztahy k obsahu organického C v půdách na okrese Ústí nad Orlicí
Long-term evaluation of the organic matter balance and its relations to the organic C content in the topsoils in Ústí nad Orlicí district
Jiří Dostál, Dana Cerhanová, Lenka Hajzlerová, Jana Martincová, Petra Pospíšilová, Eduard Pokorný, Tomáš Lošák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 13-24 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020013 
Organic matter balance in the farms located in Ústí nad Orlicí district has been investigated since 1979. As a result, so called need of organic fertilisation, has been determined and the supply of the organic fertilisers to soils, e.g. farmyard manure, slurries and also straw and green manure has been monitored over the whole time period. About 45 % of the arable land area in the district has been monitored.In addition to the organic matter balance, we determined several soil organic matter characteristics in soil samples (organic C, N and S contents, inert and decomposable C content, hot water soluble C content, hydrophobicity index calculated...
Odhad výnosu topolů na plantážích rychle rostoucích dřevin v rámci průběžných výsledků
Estimation of the yield of poplars in plantations of fast-growing species within current results
Martin Fajman, Milan Palát, Pavel Sedlák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 25-36 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020025
Current results are presented of allometric yield estimates of the poplar short rotation coppice. According to a literature review it is obvious that yield estimates, based on measurable quantities of a growing stand, depend not only on the selected tree specie or its clone, but also on the site location. The Jap-105 poplar clone (P. nigra x P. maximowiczii) allometric relations were analyzed by regression methods aimed at the creation of the yield estimation methodology at a testing site in Domanínek. Altogether, the twelve polynomial dependences of particular measured quantities approved the high empirical data conformity with the tested regression...
Vybrané vlastnosti dřeva smrku pichlavého (Picea pungens Engelm.) z nelesních půd
Selected properties of Blue spruce wood from non-forest land
Vladimír Gryc, Hanuš Vavrčík, Ondřej Kotalík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 37-44 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020037
The aim of this work was to carry out a tree-ring analysis, to determine density, shrinkage and compressive strength parallel to the grain of Blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) wood. Results of this work were specific due to the non-forest origin of the sample material that was from two solitaire trees. Tree ring analysis (determination of tree ring width and portion of latewood) was carried out on the transverse section of a stem that was taken at height of 0.3 m from the tree base. Wood properties were tested according to Czech technical standards.Trees showed wide tree rings (5.65 mm) with a small portion of latewood (12.55 %). Oven...
Srovnání metod šlechtění jetele lučního podle výnosu píce
Comparison of breeding methods for forage yield in red clover
Libor Jalůvka, Vítězslav Dostál, V. Meyer, B. Bayle, F. Lapage, O. Chloupek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 45-52 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020045
Three methods of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) breeding for forage yield in two harvest years on locations in Bredelokke (Denmark), Hladké Životice (Czech Republic) and Les Alleuds (France) were compared.Three types of 46 candivars1, developed by A) recurrent selection in subsequent generations (37 candivars, divided into early and late group), B) polycross progenies (4 candivars) and C) geno-phenotypic selection (5 candivars) were compared. The trials were sown in 2005 and cut three times in 2006 and 2007; their evaluation is based primarily on total yield of dry matter. The candivars developed...
ODHAD VLASTNOSTÍ DŘEVA POMOCÍ ZATLAČOVÁNÍ TRNU S RŮZNÝM TVAREM PENETRAČNÍHO HROTU
Estimation of wood properties using pin pushing in method with various shapes of the penetration pin
Michal Kloiber, Mária Kotlínová, Jan Tippner
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 53-60 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020053
The existing penetration methods for the identification of the density of wood that forms a part of structures do not make it possible to describe the density in the entire element profile but only on its surface. However, wood density changes throughout the profile which affects the accuracy of the density determination. The instruments used until now based on the principle of a pin shot into the material thus needed to be supplemented with a test during which the pin would be pushed at least to the centre of the measured element. Pins of 3 mm in diameter were manufactured with a special jig fastening them to a universal testing machine. Using the...
Možnosti použití procesního modelování pro návrh systému procesů vysokoškolského ústavu
Possibilities of application of process modelling when developing a proposal of the business process management system for a university department
Pavel Máchal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 61-68 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020061
Today's global environment requires every sustained effort to outmatch both competition and innovation. Top organizations of all types - governments, non-profit organizations, companies, institutions and universities try to solve the following difficult questions: How to improve standard of customer service and raise the productivity without concurrent growth of expense accounts. How to control risks and observe the rules without losses of entrepreneurial ( competition) benefits? How to stimulate all the employees to participate in innovation, development of new products and services, finding new markets and more efficient satisfaction of customers?The...
Polymorfismus mikrosatelitních markerů na 3H a 7H chromozomu u genotypů ječmene rezistentních a náchylných k Rhynchosporium secalis
Polymorphism of microsatellite markers on chromosomes 3H and 7H in barley genotypes resistant and susceptible to Rhynchosporium secalis
Hana Nevimová, Jan Bednář, Tomáš Vyhnánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 69-78 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020069
The objective of the present study was to explore the polymorphism of microsatellite markers localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H in 15 genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), spring form (2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes, genome HVHV) from the collection of genetic resources of the Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd. showing various degrees of susceptibility to Rhynchosporium secalis. The selection of SSR markers was based on hitherto achieved knowledge according to which the greatest amount of resistance genes against Rhynchosporium secalis is localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H of barley. We selected...
ZHODNOCENÍ RŮSTU, ZMASILOSTI A PROTUČNĚNÍ IN VIVO U JEHŇAT VYBRANÝCH PLEMEN A KŘÍŽENCŮ
Evaluation of the growth, meatiness and fattiness in vivo in lambs of chosen breeds and crossbreeds
Radim Petr, Igor Dobeš, Jan Kuchtík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 79-86 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020079
The main aim of the study was the evaluation of the growth, meatiness and fattiness in vivo in lambs (n = 122) of chosen breeds (CH: Charollais and T: Texel) and crossbreeds (CH x Sf (Suffolk), CH x T, EF (East Friesiane) x CH and EF x T. Whithin the frame of this study were also evaluated the effects of sex (S), litter size (LS), age of the dams (AD) and year of the observation (YO) on aforementioned indicators. The study was carried out on the farm in Kunčice pod Ondřejníkem during the years 2004 and 2005. Within the scope of evaluation of meatiness and fattiness in vivo in lambs the following ultrasound measurement were carried out:...
DOJIVOST, SLOŽENÍ A KVALITA EKOLOGICKÉHO MLÉKA KŘÍŽENEK OVCÍ PLEMEN LACAUNE, VÝCHODOFRÍSKÁ OVCE A ZUŠLECHTĚNÁ VALAŠKA V PRŮBĚHU LAKTACE
Milk yield, composition and quality of organic milk of ewes crossbreeds of Lacaune, East Friesian and Improved Wallachian during lactation
Michaela Pokorná, Jan Kuchtík, Květoslava Šustová, Táňa Lužová, Radek Filipčík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 87-94 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020087
Evaluation of milk yield, composition and quality of organic milk of crossbreeds of Lacaune (L), East Friesian (EF) and Improved Wallachian (IW), (n = 10, L 50 EF 43.75 IW 6.25) during lactation was carried out on organic farm in Valašská Bystřice in 2007. All sheep were on the third lactation and during study they were reared on permanent pasture. The stage of lactation (SL) had a highly significant effect on milk yield (MY) and contents of total solids (TS), fat (F), protein (P), casein (C), lactose (L) and urea (U). The SL had also a highly significant effect on pH and titrable acidity (TA), whereas on rennet clotting time (RCT) the SL had a significant...
Vliv hnojení sírou na výnos a kvalitu semen hořčice bílé
Effect of sulphur fertilisation on yield and quality of white mustard seeds
Pavel Ryant
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 95-104 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020095
The objective of the present study was to estimate the effect of different forms of sulphur on yields and qualitative parameters of white mustard seeds. This topic was studied in 2004 in the form of a pot trial in a vegetation hall and linked up with an identical experiment with spring wheat conducted in 2003. Besides the control variant not fertilised with sulphur (1) we fertilised the soil with elemental sulphur (2), ammonium sulphate (3) and gypsum (4) and applied foliar dressing of elemental sulphur with bentonite (5). For all variants the nitrogen dose was 0.9 g per pot (0.15 g.kg-1 of soil) and for variants 2 to 4 it was 1 g of sulphur...
Výnosy vytrvalých trav v létě a na konci vegetačního období
Yields of perennial grasses in the summer and at the end of the growing season
Jiří Skládanka, Petr Doležal, František Hrabě, Jan Šeda, František Mikyska
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 105-114 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020105
The paper deals with the yields of Festulolium, Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius and Festulolium-Dactylis glomerata mixture during the growing season and at the end of the growing season. The yields were assessed in the Bohemian-Moravian upland at 560 m a.s.l. A small-plot experiment was established in three repetitions. The assessment was made in three subsequent years. The experiment was annually fertilized with 50 kg.ha-1 N, 30 kg.ha-1 P and 60 kg.ha-1 K. Evaluated were dry matter yields and RYT values (Relative Yield Total) in the mixture of Festulolium and Dactylis...
BODOVÁ ZÁVLAHA PRO LOKALITU BUCHEL NA SEVERU POUŠTĚ GOBI V MONGOLSKU
Point irrigation for locality Buchel in the north desert Gobi in Mongolia
Pavel Spitz, Jiří Filip
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 115-124 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020115
The design of point irrigation, created by Filip et al. (2007), was worked up as the bilateral projekt in the frame of abroad developing cooperation between the Czech Republic and Mongolia "Rehabilitation of plant production in semiarid territories of northern Gobi". The period of project realization are years 2006-2009. The responsible institution for the project is Ministery of Agriculture of the Czech Republic and with the realization of the project was encharged Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno. The task was work irrigation design for experimental plants and vegetables on the choosen land in Gobi desert in Mongolia....
Fyzikálno-chemické vlastnosti medu z rôznych regiónov Slovenska
Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia
Marián Sudzina, Martin Melich, Vladimíra Kňazovická, Soňa Felšöciová, Guillermo Kociubinski, Jaroslav Andreji, Simona Pavličová, Stanislav Kráčmar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 125-134 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020125
This study is intended to determine the physicochemical characteristics of Slovakian honeys, and compare them with specifications described in the Codex Alimentarius Standard, the European Honey directive, the Slovak Codex Alimentarius and Slovak standard No. 1/2006. In addition, we tried to find out correlations between individual constituents of honeys. Physicochemical characterization was carried out following the harmonized methods dictated by the International Honey Commission IHC. Honey samples (n=50) were collected from three honey types (blossom, blends, honeydew), and from the three main Slovakian geographical regions (named 'east', 'middle'...
KONTAMINÁCIA KYSLIČNÍKOM UHOĽNATÝM PRI ŤAŽBE A MANIPULÁCII DREVA
Carbon monoxide contamination by wood harvesting and processing
Jozef Tajboš, Valéria Messingerová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 135-144 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020135
Analysis of work environment contamination with carbon oxide by harvesting and wood processing with using of motomanually technology - one-man chainsaw is presented in this paper. This activity belongs to categories of heavy up to very heavy works according to power consumption. Due to psychophysiological load is considered as dynamic work, combined with neuropsychical load by decisions about assortments and safe motion during harvesting and manipulation process.Risk of carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication is inflicted his strong affinity to haemoglobin (Hb). Carbon monoxide produce with haemoglobin karboxyhemoglobin (COHb), whereby disable transmission...
Potravní spektrum krahujce obecného (Accipiter nisus L.) a poštolky obecné (Falco tinnunculus L.) v Chřibech
The food spectrum of sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus L.) and kestrel (Falco tinnunculus L.) in the Chřiby Upland
Martin Tomešek, Petr Čermák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 145-150 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020145
In 2006-2008, mapping the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus L.) and kestrel (Falco tinnunculus L.) occurred in the SE part of the Chřiby Upland. At the same time, the food spectrum of these birds of prey was determined during nesting periods. The area under monitoring represented about 25-30 km2.In each of the species, food was always monitored in a period from February to July at four nesting localities. The food spectrum was analysed by the direct observation of birds of prey, according to leftovers of food in the surroundings of nests and in nests of the predators. In Accipiter nisus, the food spectrum consisted of...
Vliv tvorby superplodných linií na velikost vrhu v rozmnožovacích chovech
Impact of hyperprolific line of litter size in multiplication herd
Zdeněk Tvrdoň, Petr Humpolíček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 151-154 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020151
The hyperprolific line is considered to be maximally effective in pursuit of progress in sow's reproduction. Hyperprolific line efficiency is commonly evaluated in regard of breeding herd progress. We decided to study how effective it is with respect to increasing of litter size in multiplication herd. Our study is specific by using the data from practice, concretely it is based on the information about the ancestor of sows in multiplication herd. The ancestors could be the member either hyperprolific line or normal line. The information about performances of sows breed in multiplication herd was known. The mixed linear models in SAS for Windows 9.1.2....
VLIV ZATÍŽENÍ SPALOVACÍHO MOTORU NA ENERGETICKÉ A VÝKONNOSTNÍ PARAMETRY TRAKTOROVÝCH SOUPRAV
The effect of the load of a combustion engine on energetic and performance parameters of tractor aggregates
Milan Vojáček, František Bauer, Pavel Sedlák, Tomáš Šmerda
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 155-166 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020155
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate possibilities how to reduce consumption of Diesel fuel on the one hand and to increase the performance of tractor aggregates on the other. Measurings were performed on a field with clayey-loamy soil, after the harvest of spring barley as forecrop and treatment of soil surface with disc harrowing. At the moment of measuring, the upper soil layer (till 10 cm) contained 16.5 % of humidity. Measured were the following parameters: consumption of Diesel fuel, engine revolutions, total time of ploughing, time of turning, depth of ploughing, and the swath of tractor aggregate. The specific consumption of diesel...