Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(2), 125-134 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957020125

Fyzikálno-chemické vlastnosti medu z rôznych regiónov Slovenska

Marián Sudzina1, Martin Melich2, Vladimíra Kňazovická2, Soňa Felšöciová2, Guillermo Kociubinski3, Jaroslav Andreji2, Simona Pavličová2, Stanislav Kráčmar4
1 Agentúra SAPV, Hlohovská 2, 949 92 Nitra, Slovakia
2 Slovenska poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
3 Food Cryotechnology Research Center (CIDCA) La Plata National University, 47 y 116 (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentine
4 Univerzita T. Bati ve Zlíně, Fakulta technologická, nám. T. G. Masaryka 275, 762 72 Zlín, Česká republika

Cieľom práce bolo zistiť fyzikálno-chemické vlastnosti slovenského medu a porovnať ich s uvedenými štandardmi (Codex Alimentarius, Európska smernica medu, Slovenský Potravinový kódex a Slovenská norma pre med). Ďalej sme sledovali korelácie medzi jednotlivými ukazovateľmi medu. Fyzikálno-chemické parametre medu boli zisťované v súlade s pravidlami Medzinárodnej Komisie pre med IHC. Vzorky medu (n=50) boli kvetové, zmiešané a medovicové, pôvodom z východného, stredného a západného Slovenska. Fyzikálno-chemické sledovanie zahŕňalo stanovenie vlhkosti, redukujúcich cukrov, prolínu, hydroxymetylfurfuralu, konduktivity, diastázovej a invertázovej aktivity, pH a vodnej aktivity v súlade s nariadeniami Európskej Komisie pre med EHC. Obsah vody v mede sa pohyboval od 15,26 do 17,65 %, obsah HMF sa pohyboval od 21,83 do 63,00 mg . kg-1, aktivita diastázy bola od 21,01 do 36,67 DN, aktivita invertázy sa pohybovala od 121,73 do 164,11 U . kg-1, obsah prolínu sa pohyboval od 426,56 do 531,79 mg . kg-1, obsah fruktózy bol od 6,33 do 40,20 g . 100g-1, obsah glukózy sa pohyboval od 27,67 do 31,00 g . 100g-1, obsah sacharózy bol od 0,15 do 0,37 g . 100g-1, konduktivita sa pohybovala od 29,48 do 97,24 mS . cm-1, pH sa pohybovalo od 4,06 do 4,80 a hodnota vodnej aktivity sa pohybovala v rozmedzí od 0,55 do 0,57. Preukazné rozdiely (P ≤ 0,05) boli zistené medzi HMF a fruktózou, glukózou a sacharózou, konduktivitou a pH; vysoko preukazné rozdiely (P ≤ 0,01) medzi fruktózou a glukózou a vysoko preukázané rozdiely (P ≤ 0,001) medzi HMF a konduktivitou. Medzi kvetovými a medovicovými medmi boli zistené štatisticko významné rozdiely u HMF (P ≤ 0,05) a u konduktivity medzi medovicovýmy a kvetovými medmi (P ≤ 0,001). Medzi regiónmi boli zistené štatisticko významné rozdiely medzi HMF a invertázou (P ≤ 0,05) a konduktivitou (P ≤ 0,01).

Apis mellifera, Slovakia, honey quality, Codex Alimentarius, European Honey Commission

Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia

This study is intended to determine the physicochemical characteristics of Slovakian honeys, and compare them with specifications described in the Codex Alimentarius Standard, the European Honey directive, the Slovak Codex Alimentarius and Slovak standard No. 1/2006. In addition, we tried to find out correlations between individual constituents of honeys. Physicochemical characterization was carried out following the harmonized methods dictated by the International Honey Commission IHC. Honey samples (n=50) were collected from three honey types (blossom, blends, honeydew), and from the three main Slovakian geographical regions (named 'east', 'middle' and 'west'). The physicochemical evaluation included moisture, reduced sugars, proline, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), conductivity, diastase and invertase activity, pH and water activity, following the techniques proposed by the European Honey Commission (EHC). The moisture content in the honey varied from 15.26 to 17.65 %, HMF levels ranged from 21.83 to 63.00 mg.kg-1, the diastase activity varied from 21.01 DN to 36.67, invertase activity varied from 121.73 to 164.11 U.kg-1, the proline content varied from 426.56 to 531.79 mg.kg-1, the fructose content values were found from 36.33 to 40.20 g.100g-1, the glucose content values ranged from 27.67 to 31.00 g.100g-1, the values of saccharose content were from 0.15 to 0.37 g.100g-1, the conductivity varied from 29.48 to 97.24 mS.cm-1, the pH value varied from 4.06 to 4.80 and the water activity content varied from 0.55 to 0.57. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found between HMF and fructose, glucose and saccharose and conductivity and pH, significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between fructose and glucose and significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) were found between HMF and conductivity. Between blossom honey and honeydew honey were found statistical significant differences in HMF (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity between honeydew honey and blossom honey (P ≤ 0.001). Among regions were determined statistical differences between HMF and invertase (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity (P ≤ 0.01).

Grants and funding:

This study was supported by VEGA scientific grants 1/4440/07 1/0696/08 and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic MSM 7088352101.

Received: January 23, 2009; Published: October 14, 2014  Show citation

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Sudzina, M., Melich, M., Kňazovická, V., Felšöciová, S., Kociubinski, G., Andreji, J., Pavličová, S., & Kráčmar, S. (2009). Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 57(2), 125-134. doi: 10.11118/actaun200957020125
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