Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2011 (vol. 59), issue 3
Development of cDNA normalization system and preliminary transcription analysis of KCS genes in apple tissues
Zsolt Albert, Cs. Deák, A. Miskó, M. Tóth, I. Papp
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 9-12 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030009 
Wax production is an important aspect of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) fruit development from both theoretical and practical point of views. The complex molecular mechanism that controls wax biosynthesis is still widely unknown but many studies focused on this topic. We aimed to develop further the experimental framework of these efforts with a description of an improved reference genes expression system. Results in the literature show that similarities exist among the expression of some housekeeping genes of different plant species. Based on these considerations and on gene expression data from Arabidopsis thaliana, some genes in apple...
Abrasive and erosive wear of technical materials
Petr Doubek, Josef Filípek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 13-22 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030013
Operating reliability of agricultural, transport and construction machines is in a considerable degree influenced by corrosion and wear. These sorts of damage significantly influence the costs for the restoration of mechanical components, as well as their service and repairs. This article deals with comparing the abrasive and erosive wear of technical materials (soft steel, wear-resisting steel, ledeburitic cast-iron, cemented carbides). A test of the abrasive wear by means of bound particles was carried out on an apparatus with a corundum abrasive cloth. The erosive wear was made in a testing mechanism manufactured by the firm Kovo Staněk Ltd., which...
Frequency of powdery mildew resistances in winter barley cultivars tested in domestic variety trials
Antonín Dreiseitl
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 23-28 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030023
In 2006-2010, resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen was studied in 225 winter barley cultivars of which 86 two-rowed and 139 six-rowed. The examined set included 59 cultivars tested in the official variety trials and 166 cultivars in variety trials conducted by domestic breeding stations in that period. Thirteen known resistances were identified (Ar, Bw, Dr2, Ha, HH, IM9, La, Ly, Ra, Ru, Sp, St and We). No resistance was found in one cultivar only. The most frequent resistance was Ra detected in 114 cultivars (= 50.7%). The resistance Bw was found in 54 cultivars (24.0%). Resistances typical for spring barley cultivars (Ly, Sp, Ru and We) were...
The effect of amino acid enantiomers on activity of selected enzymes in soil
Peter Dundek, Ladislav Holík, Valerie Vranová, Klement Rejšek, Pavel Formánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 29-34 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030029
This work was aimed to test the effect of selected amino acid enantiomers on activity of casein-protease and acid phosphomonoesterase in soil. Casein-protease was selected due to its key role in nitrogen mineralization and acid phosphomonoesterase due to its importance in soil organic P mineralization. The results showed that 5 mg of L- and D-glutamic acid added to fresh soil from Ah horizon of a moderately mown mountain meadow significantly (P < 0.05) decreased casein-protease activity, whereas alanine enantiomers slightly increased activity of this enzyme. Testing the effect of cystine on activity of acid phosphomonoesterase in soil showed slight...
The demonstration of the GFLV Nepovirus isolates on naturally infected grapevine cultivars and evaluation of variability within genome region encoding movement protein
Aleš Eichmeier, M. Baránek, M. Pidra
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 35-44 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030035
In this work, the infection of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) disease was described on the base of symptomatic differences within eight grapevine plants of six grape ciltivars with positive tests on GFLV. Among them, cultivars Kodrjanka, Pamjati Negrula, Kišmiš Lučistyj were planted in wine region of the South Moravia (Czech Republic), three infected grapevine cultivars (URS, Cinsaut, Dimrit) included in this study originating from Italy. Except symptomatic evaluation, the differences between isolates were emphasized at the genetic level too, exactly in the frame of RNA2 genomic region coding movement protein. The variability of the tested isolates...
The effect of the age of dogs on their ejaculate
Radek Filipčík, M. Vágenknechtová, M. Hošek, L. Jarinkovičová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 45-50 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030045
The effect of the age of dogs on quantitative and qualitative parameters of the ejaculate was explored. We evaluated 43 dogs; from each dog we collected three samples on three successive days. The dogs were divided into three age categories: 1.5-2 years; 2-3 years; and 3-5 years. The maximum ejaculate volume was collected from dogs of 2-3 years of age; the average volume of ejaculate from 3 collections was 9.1 ml. Microscopic examinations of the ejaculate of this age category of dogs showed that the highest average sperm concentration was 153.62.103.mm-3. In older dogs the ejaculate volume decreased considerably with increasing...
Extraction of acid phosphomonoesterase from soil: testing of various extractants
Ladislav Holík, Peter Dundek, Valerie Vranová, Klement Rejšek, Dalibor Janouš, Pavel Formánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 51-54 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030051
The aim of this work was to to investigate the suitability of various types of extractants for extraction of acid phosphomonoesterase from soil using various types of extractants. Succinate-borate buffer of pH 4.8 or 0.1 M K2SO4 were the most efficient to extract this enzyme compared to 0.1 M glutamic acid or 0.005 M salicylic acid. Extraction using 0.1 M glutamic acid gave significantly (P
Proportion of root-derived acid phosphomonoesterase in total soil acid phosphomonoesterase in different forests
Ladislav Holík, Peter Dundek, Pavel Formánek, Klement Rejšek, Valerie Vranová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 55-58 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030055
Enzyme acid phosphomonoesterase (APM) plays an important role in phosphorus mineralization in different type of terrestrial ecosystems. This enzyme is of great agronomic significance because it hydrolyses organic phosphorus to different forms of inorganic phosphorus which are assimilable by plants. APM may also indicate changes in the quantity and quality of phosphorylated substrates in soil and is a good indicator of its biological state as well as presence of pollutants. APM may be produced by plant roots and soil microorganisms and both of these sources may play different role in phosphorus mineralization in different ecosystems. The aim of this...
Analysis of causes of warping the plywood sheets
Jaroslav Hrázský, P. Král
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 59-72 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030059
The aim of the paper was to analyse the shape stability of plywoods. Following operations were monitored: storing the construction veneers, spreading the gluing mixtures, prepressing, pressing and the storage of plywoods. The shape stability of plywoods is affected by various factors and technological parameters of particular operations. It is one of the important parameters to assess the quality and use of plywood sheets in practice. On the basis of the analysis of the present condition of the problems a methodical procedure was prepared to determine causes of warping the plywood sheets. According to this procedure an experiment was created. Within...
Asymmetric time interval between evening and morning milking and its effect on the total daily milk yield
Gustav Chládek, Oto Hanuš, Daniel Falta, Radoslava Jedelská, Aleš Dufek, Petra Zejdová, Pavel Hering
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 73-80 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030073
Samples of milk obtained in the course of evening and morning milking performed in variable time intervals of either 11 and 13 hours (n = 1.282) or 10 and 14 hours (n = 370) were collected with the aim to quantify the effect of the length of a variable (asymmetric) time interval between evening and morning milking on the total amount and composition of daily milk production of dairy cows. Milk samples were analysed in an accredited (EN ISO 17025) laboratory in Brno-Tuřany (Czech Republic) and the following contents of individual milk components were estimated: fat (F; g.100g-1), total protein (TP; g.100g-1), lactose (L; lactose...
The effect of some cultivation conditions on properties of leaves of the container-produced species Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn
Aleš Jezdinský, Vojtěch Řezníček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 81-90 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030081
Plants differ in their reactions to unfavourable environmental conditions and the effect of the acting factors directly and indirectly results in changes in a number of plants organs. The leaves are vegetative organs and as such they are completely exposed to external conditions. Most markedly these conditions affect the assimilative organs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of four substrates and two sites differing in light intensity on the leaf morphology of the model plant species Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. The used substrates were the commercial peat-bark substrate (RKS II), sand and bark substrate. With these...
Wood moisture monitoring during log house thermal insulation mounting
Pavla Kotásková, Zdeňka Havířová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 91-100 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030091
The current designs of thermal insulation for buildings concentrate on the achievement of the required heat transmission coefficient. However, another factor that cannot be neglected is the assessment of the possible water vapour condensation inside the construction.The aim of the study was to find out whether the designed modification of the cladding structure of an existing log house will or will not lead to a risk of possible water vapour condensation in the walls after an additional thermal insulation mounting. The condensation could result in the increase in moisture of the walls and consequently the constructional timber, which would lead...
Verification of the effects of Lignohumat B and Synergin® in organic strawberry production
Šárka Kremláčková, Petr Salaš, Stanislav Boček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 101-110 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030101
The objective of this work is to determine the effect of auxiliary plant preparations such as Lignohumat B and biostimulant Synergin® on yield and quality of strawberry production. The two year trial was carried out on two plots of the Horticultural Faculty in Lednice Mendeleu. Among different cultivars the 'Honeoye' and 'Symphony' have been selected, they are recommended for organic production. Lignohumat B was applied to strawberries according to the manufacturer instructions: soaking the root system, watering after planting, spraying on the leaves two weeks before flowering and after flowering in 1% concentration. Synergin®...
Effect of genotype, sex and litter size on growth and basic traits of carcass quality of light lambs
Jan Kuchtík, Igor Dobeš, Zdeňka Hegedűšová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 111-116 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030111
Evaluation of the effect of genotype (Romanov breed: n = 26, and F1 crossbreds of Suffolk-Romanov: n = 29), sex (males: n = 37 and females: n = 18) and litter size (singles: n = 6, twins: n = 16, triples: n = 21 and quadruplets: n = 12) on growth and basic carcass quality traits of light lambs was carried out at an organic sheep farm in Kuklík over the years 2007 and 2008. Throughout the experiment the lambs were reared with their mothers, indoors. The weaning of lambs was carried out just before slaughter.The daily feeding ration of the lambs consisted of the mother's milk (ad libitum) and organic mineral lick (ad libitum), whereas...
Comparison of the effectiveness of digestate and mineral fertilisers on yields and quality of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea, L.)
Tomáš Lošák, Andrea Zatloukalová, Monika Szostková, Jaroslav Hlušek, Jiří Fryč, Tomáš Vítěz
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 117-122 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030117
In a one-year vegetation pot experiment we compared the effect of the digestate from a biogas station and mineral fertilisers on yield and quality parameters of kohlrabi, variety Seguza. Four treatments were used in the trial: 1) untreated control, 2) urea, 3) digestate, 4) urea, triple super phosphate, KCl, MgSO4. The rate of N was the same in treatments 2-4, 1.5 g N/pot. In treatment 4 the rate of P, K and Mg corresponded with the rate of these nutrients in the digestate treatment (3).The weight of single bulbs of the control unfertilised treatment were significantly the lowest (22.9%), as well as the nitrate (6.0%) and ascorbic acid...
Application of geoecological concept of the alluvial landscape in the creation of nature reserve (case study from Czech Republic)
Ivo Machar, Vilém Pechanec
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 123-134 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030123
The geoecological concept of the alluvial landscape describes the variability and consecutive character of alluvial ecotopes and biocenoses, which are interrelated in terms of their homeorhetic development, in their dynamic ecological stability. This article deals with application of this landscape concept in the frame of creation of nature reserve as core zone of the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic). Complex protection of the whole floodplain ecosystem, which comprised all components of the fluvial succession series of alluvial habitats, was proposed on the basis of determination of geomorphological type of the river system....
The rise of the mine water level in the area of the former Kohinoor II mine and the influence on the surrounding aquifer systems of abandoned mines in the central part of the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin
Milan Mikoláš, Jiří Varady, Jaroslav Bažant, František Žoček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 135-142 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030135
The aim of this article is to evaluate the process of terminating the mine water pumping after the liquidation of the Kohinoor II coal mine, situated in the central part of the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin (NBB) and the subsequent resumption of pumping from the surface after the mine water rise in the area of the former mine to the desired level. We analyzed previously known data, particularly the amount of mine water pumped from the mine area and the surrounding abandoned mines in the past. Further the evaluation of known surrounding abandoned mines aquifer systems, accumulated in the coal seam (underground accumulation of water) and the evaluation...
Ground beetles (Carabidae) from slopes of Macošská stráň and Vilémovická stráň (Protected landscape area of Moravský kras, Czech Republic)
Jana Niedobová, Vladimír Hula, Pavla Šťastná
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 143-150 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030143
Collecting of Carabidae was conducted using pitfall traps at four sites. The first two sites (T1 + T2) were at the slope of Macošská stráň and the other two sites (T3 + T4) at the slope of Vilémovická stráň. The study was done in 2008 and 2009. At Macošská stráň in 2008, 21 species of Carabidae with the total number of 228 individuals were found and in 2009, 18 species of the total number of 116 specimens were collected. At Vilémovická stráň in 2008, 22 species of Carabidae with the total number of 1977 specimens were found and in 2009, 21 species of the total number of 623 specimens were caught. In terms of classification of relictness, Macošská stráň...
The influence of adhesive joint characteristics of the bonded samples of PUR-foam
Josef Pacovský
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 151-160 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030151
Upholstered chairs and upholstered furniture in general, is largely produced primarily using PUR-foams, and it largely in the form of gluing several types of foam and himself on a firm surface - usually plywood or the agglomerated material - for the qualitative increase of upholstered furniture (including seating). Work deals with properties of the bond in connection with the influence on the final properties of the finished product, or even a change of functional properties in use over time. This work deals with: The influence of the characteristics of the adhesive used on samples bonded polyurethane foams. This work deals with properties of the bond...
Virulence of Colletotrichum acutatum isolates to several host plants
Barbora Staňková, Jana Víchová, Radovan Pokorný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 161-170 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030161
Colletotrichum acutatum belongs to polyphagous fungal pathogens and is widespread in many countries on all continents. C. acutatum causes the most serious economic damage in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Considering the wide variability of the pathogen may be assumed spread to other areas which constitutes danger not only for strawberry, but also other economically important fruit crops, vegetables and fruits.The main objective of our study was to verify the cross infection of eleven C. acutatum isolates from different host plants (strawberry, safflower, lupine, pepper and Hypericum perforatum) to selected...
Aroma active compounds in milk from goat fed basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Markéta Šípalová, Stanislav Kráčmar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 171-178 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030171
The study deals with the addition of basil (Ocimum basilicum) green tops into goat feeding ratio and with the effect of this addition on aroma active compounds in milk. The experiment comprised 8 goats crossbreed of White Goat and Brown Mountain Goat. These goats, which were on the second lactation, were divided into two groups - control (n = 4) and experimental (n = 4). The addition of 0.1 kg of basil green tops into goat feeding ration had no statistically significant effect on differences in total solid, fat or total nitrogen substances in milk during basil green tops feeding. However, the content of aroma active compounds (1-octanol, 1-undecanol,...
Impact of a pyrethroid insecticide application on ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a winter rape stand
Martin Šlachta, J. Vokoun
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 179-184 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030179
The effect of the application of insecticide FURY 10 EW (0.15 L ha-1) in winter rape on non-target indicator ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) was examined in a field experiment. The species composition, the dominance structure, the abundance and the diversity of ground beetles in pitfall traps was compared before and after the application of the insecticide during April 2009. In total, 128 specimens of 19 species of ground beetles was recorded. The community was dominated by Poecilus cupreus (61 % of total specimens) and it consisted of eurytopic carnivorous and granivorous species typical for intensively managed crop fields....
The National Forest Programme of the Czech Republic: An introduction of the 1993-2010 development
Marta Urbanová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 185-192 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030185
Since the 1992 UNCED Conference in Rio de Janeiro, National Forest Programmes (NFPs) have been attracting a worldwide attention as a voluntary participatory-based policy instrument to support the sustainable forest management at the country level. This paper reports on the 1993-2010 development of the Czech NFP. During this time, four NFP-related processes have taken place: first, the 1995 NFP drafted by the National Forestry Committee (a non-governmental document); second, the 1998 Forestry Programme of the Ministry of Agriculture (a ministerial document); third, the 2003 National Forest Programme of the Czech Republic (a governmental document, abbreviated...
The measurement of heat loss with use of a thermal imaging system
Tomáš Vítěz, Petr Trávníček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 193-196 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030193
The aim of this work was to verify the method of determining the heat loss of boiler by using of thermal infrared camera. Waste sawdust and wood shavings from the manufacturing of wooden furniture has been used as fuel in considered boiler with an installed heat output of 130 kW. The temperature distribution on the shell of the boiler has been discovered by using of infrared thermal camera, subsequently heat loss caused by radiation and convection has been calculated. For calculating of heat loss caused by radiation Stefan-Boltzmann Law has been used, for calculating of heat loss caused by convection three approaches have been used, Mc Adams, Michijev's...
Particle size distribution of a waste sand from a waste water treatment plant with use of Rosin-Rammler and Gates-Gaudin-Schumann mathematical model
Tomáš Vítěz, Petr Trávníček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 197-202 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030197
Particle size distribution of the sample of waste sand from waste water treatment plant have been determined with two commonly used methods of mathematical models by Rosin-Rammler (RR model) and by Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann (GGS model). On the basis of network analysis distribution function, F(d) (mass fraction) and density function, f(d) (number of particles captured between two screens) have been obtained. Experimental data have been evaluated using the RR model and GGS model, both models have been compared. Better results were achieved with GGS model, which leads to a more accurate separation of the different particle sizes...
Use of bio-enzymatic preparations for enhancement biogas production
Tomáš Vítěz, M. Haitl, Z. Karafiát, P. Mach, J. Fryč, T. Lošák, M. Szostková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 203-208 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030203
Biogas is a renewable energy resource with high increasing developed in last few decades. It's big opportunity for stabilization rural areas, concretely agriculture sector. This technology can decentralize supply of energy. The number of operated biogas plants is rapidly increasing. Biogas plants require a high level of intensity and stableness of the process of anaerobic fermentation with biogas production for efficiency treatment, also for good quality of development biogas and fertilization effect of the rest of fermentation. If this is not completed the operator has problem to keep the process in optimal condition for anaerobic fermentation. Researchers...
Occurrence and antimicrobial sensitivity in staphylococci isolated from goat, sheep and cow's milk
Marcela Vyletělová, Oto Hanuš, Renáta Karpíšková, Zora Šťástková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 209-214 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030209
The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity to selected antibiotics in staphylococci isolated from goat (n = 60), sheep (n = 60) and cow's milk (n = 120). The individual milk samples were inoculated onto Blood agar cultivated at 36 °C/24 h.The isolated species of staphylococci were identified using biochemical tests, namely STAPHYtest and identification program TNW pro 6.5. We examined the sensitivity of strains to the spectrum of antibiotics, as follows: vancomycin (VA), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC), penicillin (P), rifampicin (RD), oxacillin (OX), tetracycline (TE), erythromycin (E), chloramphenicol (C), clindamycin (DA), gentamicin...
Behaviour patterns of the cage-housed breeding flock of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)
David Zapletal, Pavel Suchý, Eva Straková, František Vitula, Jan Kuchtík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 215-220 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030215
The aim of this work was to investigate the behaviour patterns of a cage-housed breeding flock of pheasants during the day in the early stage of laying period, and evaluate the differences in behaviour patterns between male and female pheasants. Observations were carried out with a flock of common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) consisting of 1 male and 5 female pheasants aged 2 years that showed a minimum rate of aggression in the previous laying. Behaviour patterns of birds were studied using a 15-minute video recording taken at each hour during the day (from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m.). The rates of activities such as feeding, movement, resting,...
The effect of soil and foliar applications of magnesium fertilisers on yields and quality of vine (Vitis vinifera, L.) grapes
Andrea Zatloukalová, Tomáš Lošák, Jaroslav Hlušek, Pavel Pavloušek, Martin Sedláček, Radek Filipčík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 221-226 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030221
A one-year field trial was established with the vine variety Ryzlink vlašský (Riesling italico) to evaluate the effect of spring soil applications and 5x repeated foliar application of magnesium fertilisers on yields and quality of grapes. On light soil of the experimental locality Žabčice (ca 25 km south of Brno) visual symptoms of Mg deficiency on vine leaves had been monitored in the past. The experiment involved 4 treatments: 1) unfertilised control; 2) spring soil application of Kieserite - 20 kg Mg.ha-1; 3) 5x foliar application of a 5% solution of Epso Combitop - Mg, S, Mn, Zn; 11.8 kg Mg.ha-1; 4) 5x foliar applications...
Evaluation of compost influence on soil water retention
Pavel Zemánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 227-232 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030227
The experiment was focused on evaluation of influence of compost application on soil water retention. Soil retention is a major soil water property that governs soil functioning as a ecosystem. Soil moisture forms a major buffer against flooding, and water capacity in subsoil is a major factor for plant growth. The effects of changes in soil water retention depend on the proportions of the textural components and the amount of organic carbon present in the soil. During seasons of 2009 and 2010, experiments at two sites of different soil conditions prepared by addition of compost doses of 50 and 100 t.ha-1 were carried out. Changes of humidity...
Distribution of phthalic acid esters in agricultural plants and soil
Gabriela Zorníková, A. Jarošová, L. Hřivna
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 233-238 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030233
The study observed the occurrence of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the soil and agricultural crops (Triticum aestivum, Brassica napus, Zea mays) and their distribution to the individual parts. For the experiment were selected 4 locations in central Moravia. At two locations (L1, L2) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) was grown, at the third location (L3) winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus), and at the fourth location (L4) flint corn (Zea mays). The soil samples (n = 72) and whole plant samples (n = 78) were collected during the vegetation. The aboveground and underground parts...
Methods of plant root exudates analysis: a review
Peter Dundek, Ladislav Holík, Tomáš Rohlík, Ladislav Hromádko, Valerie Vranová, Klement Rejšek, Pavel Formánek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 241-246 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030241
The aim of this review is to summarise current knowledge on methods being used to determine individual compounds and properties of water-soluble plant root exudates. These compounds include amino acids, organic acids and simple sugars, as well as polysaccharides, proteins and organic substances. Qualitative composition of water-soluble root exudates and exudation rate are commonly measured with the aim of consequent synthetic preparation of plant root exudates to be supplied to soil to create artificial rhizosphere for different experimental purposes. Root exudates collection usually requires consequent filtration or centrifugation to remove solids,...
Indicators used for assessment of the ecological dimension of sustainable arable farming - review
Soňa Valtýniová, Jan Křen
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2011, 59(3), 247-256 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159030247
Our study offers:* A review of basic indicators important for sustainability assessment of arable farming (balance of nutrients, organic matter and energy, pesticide use, biodiversity and soil protection);* A review and way of expression of the most frequent indicators for assessment of the above characters and impact of farming on the environment including the methods for a complex assessment of agricultural enterprises in which individual indicators have been used;* A knowledge and practical experience of using of the indicators for assessment in agricultural enterprises.