Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2004 (vol. 52), issue 1
Salemea sororia sp. n. a Hyteronychia obvia sp. n., dva nové druhy masařek ze Sicílie (Diptera Sarcophagidae)
Salemea sororia sp. n. and Heteronychia obvia sp. n., two new species of flesh-flies from Sicily (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)
Dalibor Povolný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 7-14 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010007 
Salemea sororia sp. n. and Heteronychia obvia sp. n. are next two new discoveries of flesh-flies from Erico arboreae-Quercetum Ilicis formation above Trabia (Palermo). These two obviously very rare taxa were collected near the hilltop of Pizzo Onofrio-Casina (Trabia) near Palermo at 773 m a.s.l., where the flesh-flies were systematically captured in a hilltopping situation at the turn of May/June of the years 1997 -2003. In connection with the description of Salemea sororia sp. n. the complicated taxonomy, synonymy and distribution of Salemea ferox (Villeneuve, 1908) are discussed. As for Heteronychia obvia sp. n.,...
Insuloschema barbarae gen. n., sp. n. a dva nové druhy rodu Keiferia Busck, 1939 z Kalifornie (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
Insuloschema barbarae gen. n., sp. n. and two new species of the genus Keiferia Busck, 1939 from California (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
Dalibor Povolný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 15-22 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010015
The gnorimoschemine taxa (of the gelechiid moths) Insuloschema barbarae gen. n., sp. n. and two species of the genus Keiferia Busck, 1939, viz. Keiferia educata sp. n. and Keiferia powelli sp. n. are described from California. The first taxon is obviously endemic to one of the most interesting Channel Islands called Santa Barbara and it corroborates its unique history. The two newly described species of Keiferia enrich essentially the number of species existing in California and in the Nearctic realm generally. Moths and their genitalia are figured within the description.
Diskuse k několika druhům tasemnic z čeledí Hymenolepididae, Anoplocephalidae a Davaineidae parazitujících u hlodavců a člověka
Discussion to several tapeworm species from the families Hymenolepididae, Anoplocephalidae and Davaineidae parasitizing rodents and man
František Tenora, Vlastimil Baruš, Miroslav Prokeš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 23-28 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010023
With the more recent knowledge, the hypothesis by Joyeux and Baer (1929) is consulted: "... most of rarer species of tapeworms occurring in man are probably parasites of other mammals, specially of Rodentia .....". In connection with that, the host specificity in several species from the families Hymenolepididae, Anoplocephalidae and Davaineidae is discussed. So far parasites of rodents are concerned, they are the species Rodentolepis straminea, R. fraterna, Hymenolepis diminuta, H. pseudodiminuta, H. hibernia and Inermicapsifer arvicanthidis. So far parasites of man are concerned, they are the species Rodentolepis...
Úplný seznam včel České republiky a Slovenska s poznámkami k jejich rozšíření a taxonomii (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
Checklist of the bees in the Czech Republic and Slovakia with comments on their distribution and taxonomy (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
Antonín Přidal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 29-66 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010029
Complete faunistics was compiled in countries surrounding the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The latest checklist of the bee fauna from the then Czechoslovakia being published well over a decade ago, the aim of this paper is to up-date Kocourek's checklist (hereinafter referred to as only "the List") from 1989.In the present paper, inaccuracies occurring in Kocourek's checklist (e.g. using of junior synonyms or homonyms, spelling of names, incorrect species distribution, etc.) are corrected. In addition, new records according to literature data, findings communicated by colleagues, or own records, are summarised.The compilation of this faunistic...
Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG 3 jako patogen bramboru a jeho citlivost k mořidlům
Rhizoctonia solani Kühn anastomosis group 3 as pathogen of potato and its sensitivity to seed-fungicides
Ivana Šafránková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 67-74 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010067
R. solani (Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk) isolated from the sclerotia from the potatoes belongs to anastomose group 3 (AG 3), defined as the "potato type". The present study shows the results of research into the efficiency of the seed-fungicides on R. solani (AG 3) isolates from various regions (12) of the Czech Republic. In addition to registered seed-fungicides we also tested the unregistered preparation Prestige 290 FS (pencycuron + imidacloprid). Our objective was to test the efficiency of the seed-fungicides on R. solani isolates and the sensitivity, or resistance, of the isolates to registered and unregistered...
Výskyt vrbovky žláznaté (Epilobium ciliatum Rafin.) v porostech polních plodin a na úhorech
Occurence of Northern Willowherb (Epilobium ciliatum Rafin.) in crop stands and fallow lands
Jan Winkler, Věra Zelená
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 75-80 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010075
Northern willowherb (Epilobium ciliatum Rafin.) is a naturalized allien species occurring almost all over the territory of the Czech Republic. Evaluation of weed vegetation by means of methodology developed by Kühn (1982) took place on selected fields located in the cadastral area of Olomouc-Holice. All in all, 1360 phytosociological relevés were recorded from 1997 to 2001, on the average, one relevé per 2,7 ha. In addition to it, the occurrence of Epilobium ciliatum was recorded within an experiment with green fallow lands at Kroměříž in 2002. Every individual plant species had been assigned data on its cover and growth phases according...
Složení potravy psíka mývalovitého (Nyctereutes procyonoides) a jezevce lesního (Meles meles) v ČeskÉ republiCE
Diet composition of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and badger (Meles meles) in Czech Republic
Hana Šuláková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 81-90 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010081
Diets of the raccoon dog and badger were studied in the Landscape Protected Area (LPA) Litovelské Pomoraví from 2000 to 2001 by collecting faeces from latrines during March - December every year. The relative volume and frequency occurrence of each food item in the feaces were calculated. Vertebrates and invertebrates constituted the bulk of the raccoon dog diet, while plants and invertebrates were most frequently eaten by the badger. Insecta and Rodentia were important to the raccoon dog, but it also consumed other food items. The raccoon dog was more omnivorous that the badger. Badger fed very frequently on plant material, raccoon dog, instead, frequently...
Vliv kyselých siláží v krmné dávce dojnic na obsah parametrů bachorové fermentace
The influence of the silage with high acidity on the rumen fermentation of cows
Petr Doležal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 91-96 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010091
Twenty dairy cows were used in an experiment at which the influence of silages with different content of acids on the rumen fermentation was studied. Animals were divided into experimental and control group, each of them about 10 individuals. Feeding ratio consisted of maize silage (26 kg), alfalfa silage (13 kg), meadow hay (1 kg) and corn mixture (8.5 kg). The experimental group was fed an inoculated maize silage, with higher contents of fermentation acids. Intake of total acids per 1 kg live weigh was higher in the experimental group than control group (1.98 g/kg; 1.48 g/kg live weight, respectively). The rumen fluid was taken per orally 2-3 hours...
Genetický trend sportovní výkonnosti českého teplokrevníka
Genetic trend for jumping performance in Czech warm-blooded horses
Iva Jiskrová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 97-102 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010097
Data on the jumping performance of horses in the period of 1991 - 2002 were analysed. The data included 252781 starts of 10671 horses in 10911 jumping competitions. The performance was characterised on the basis of the obtained bad points (penalties) of the competing horses. The BLUP Animal model was used to estimate the breeding value of the sport horses; the genetic trend in the jumping performance of the Czech warm-blooded horse was assessed on the basis of these results. Regression analysis and calculations of the mean breeding values based on the year of birth were used to determine the dependence of the estimated breeding value on the year of...
Analýza udržitelnosti zemědělských systémů
Sustainability analysis of agricultural systems
Ladislav Hanuš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 103-112 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010103
The main aim of this research is to propose an evaluation method as a tool for measurement of sustainable development in agriculture. The research has three parts: 1) indication, 2) evaluation and 3) application. Three aggregate and a group of partial indicators were selected for ecological, economic and social dimension of agricultural system. As the aggregate indicators were proposed: Material and Energy Costs, Operating Income and Personal Costs. Two evaluation methods for calculation of relative sustainability for group of farms were proposed: The Method of Comparison of Indicator Values and The Method of Comparison of Weighted Interval Sustainability....
Využití rostlin akumulujících těžké kovy při detoxikaci chemicky kontaminovaných půd
The use of heavy metal accumulating plants for detoxication of chemically polluted soils
Jacek Antonkiewicz, Czesława Jasiewicz, Pavel Ryant
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 113-120 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010113
The studies conducted from 1997 to 1999 in a vegetation hall were performed as a pot experiment on ordinary silt soil. Jerusalem artichoke, maize, Sida hermaphrodita Rusby, amaranth and hemp were used as indicator plants. The results confirmed, great diversification of the element contents which depends not only on the species but also on the part of individual plants. Analysis of the data revealed also another dependence: increased concentration of heavy metals in the soil corresponded to a higher content of heavy metals in the plants. Significant differences in this respect were observed for the plant species grown in unpolluted or differently...
Frakce humusových látek v půdě hnojené čistírenskými kaly a vermikomposty
Fractions of humus compounds in soil fertilised with sewage sludge and vermicomposts
Barbara Filipek-Mazur, Krzysztof Gondek, Pavel Ryant
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 121-126 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010121
Four-year investigations conducted as a field experiment aimed to determine the effect of organic fertilisation with farmyard manure, tannery sludge and vermicompost obtained from it on soil humus compounds composition. Equal to farmyard manure effect of vermicompost on organic carbon and total nitrogen was determined in the discussed experiment. Organic carbon content diminished as a result of mineral treatment and fertilisation with untreated sludge. The number of most mobile humus fractions decreased in result of applied fertilisation where as the share of humus compounds not undergoing hydrolysis increased.
Vliv termínu využití na kvalitu polopřirozeného travního porostu na podzim a v zimě
Effect of utilization term on the quality of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in the winter time
Jiří Skládanka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 127-136 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010127
Quality of green fodder from a semi-natural sward consisting of Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa ssp., Agrostis stolonifera and Phleum pratense as dominant species, situated in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands (Czech Republic) was studied in the months of the main forage utilization (November, December and January). Main usage in the winter months was preceded by usage in June, July and August (preparatory cut). The sward was fertilized in the first half of August with 50 kg N.ha-1. Qualitative characteristics studied in 2000/2001, 2001/2002...
Vliv zatížení spalovacího motoru na ekonomiku provozu traktorových souprav
Effect of towing load of combustion engines on economic parameters of operation of tractor aggregates
František Bauer, Pavel Sedlák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 137-144 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010137
This paper deals with possible ways how to reduce consumption of Diesel oil under conditions of increased performance of tractor aggregates. In laboratory, complete characteristics of John Deere 8300 engine were measured on the power take-of shaft. The same tractor was thereafter used for field experiments with a seven-shares suspended turning plough. Measurements were carried out in the village Jeníčkova Lhota (county Tábor) on a field with loamy-sandy soil of 16.1% average moisture content. The specific volume density of dry soil was 1.48 g/cm3. The following engine parameters were measured: Diesel oil consumption, engine speed, wheel slippage, time...
Odhad plemenné hodnoty sportovních koní v české republice
Estimation of the breeding value of sport horses in the Czech Republic
Iva Jiskrová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 145-152 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010145
The performance of 10671 horses in 10911 sport competitions was used to estimate the breeding value of the population of the Czech warm-blooded horses using the Best Linear Unibased Prediction method. The sport performance was estimated on the basis of the number of bad points (penalties) in jumping competitions. We analysed 252781 sporting results in the period 1991 - 2002. The estimations encompassed the fixed effects of sex, age, level of the competition and random effects of the breeder, rider, competition and the permanent environment. We compared the original and innovated calculations of the estimate of the breeding value of sport horses in...
Porovnání exteriéru huculských koní chovaných v České republice a v Polsku
Body conformation comparison of Czech and Polish Hucul horses
Zita Matoušová Malbohanová, Martina Hájková, Iva Jiskrová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 153-158 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010153
Measurements of 17 body measures and 11 indices of body conformation on 209 breeding individuals of the Hucul horse were used to analyse the effect of country of origin (Poland and the Czech Republic), sex (stallions and mares), age (5 classes) and sire line (Gurgul, Goral, Oušor, Hroby, Polan, Pietrosu, Prislop). All horses were measured by one person. Measures and indexes were analysed by the GLM procedure. The main effect was the country of origin. Highly significant differences were found between both Polish and Czech horses in two thirds of measurements and in more than half of indices. The Czech Hucul horses are significantly higher, longer,...
Teplotní, vlhkostní a napěťová pole v hráni řeziva při sušení v atypické komorové kondenzační sušárně řeziva
Temperature, moisture and stress fields in deck in the course of drying process in atypical chamber condensing sawn wood kiln
Jan Tippner, Petr Koňas
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 159-168 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010159
Common parametric model of sawn wood, geometry and finite element and physical parametric model pile sawn wood and its immediate airy environment was introduced. By the help of numerical simulation with Finite Element Method utilization the description of temperature distribution, dampness and stress in wood, in dependence on temperature and moisture distribution in airy environment of sawn wood kiln was included. Discussion about problem of design model, mesh refinement and definition boundary conditions was opened. Results of simulations make possible to propound the optimization of drying process. Direction of next investigation was outlined too.
Parametrizace numerické simulace procesu sušení v atypické komorové kondenzační sušárně řeziva
Parametrication of numerical simulation of drying process in atypicall condenzation lumber kiln
Jiří Zejda, Petr Koňas
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 169-174 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010169
This work deal with modelling of the process of drying, air flow, temperature and moisture distribution in a condensation lumber kiln. This model was made and solved in the computing system ANSYS with the use of the finite element method. There are comparationes of the 2D and 3D models, shape of wood stacks and variability of their parameters (height, width, length, cross section) in the work. The flow velocity and orientation, pressure and temperature field were observed.
Vyhodnocení fraktálových dimenzí z bitmapové předlohy (Část: Algoritmy)
Evaluation of fractal dimensions from bitmap image (Part: Algorithms)
Petr Koňas
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 175-182 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010175
The work assembled the complex application for evaluation of main fractal characteristics from input image. New simple modifications of evaluation of positive cells according to appropriate scale were implemented. Detail description of theory for each method and description of evaluation process was included. Filtration modification (which is able to estimate the structure which belongs only to specified scale) was introduced together with volumetric modification that allows selecting of optional ratio for determination of positive cells. Also, Richardson method and Slit-Island method were converted to algorithm form. Program was compiled for processing...
Guatemalská makadlovka hlízová (Scrobipalpopsis solanivora Povolný, 1973) před branami Evropy (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
The Guatemalan potato tuber moth (Scrobipalpopsis solanivora Povolný, 1973) before the gateways of Europe (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
Dalibor Povolný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 183-196 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010183
After its spread through many potato growing states of South America the Guatemalan potato tuber moth (Scrobipalpopsis solanivora Povolný, 1973) was introduced into the Canary Islands (1998 - 2000) and caused several outbreaks both in potato fields and stores. This paper deals with the generic status of this insect pest and summarizes the most important results of its studies and research. This paper is aimed mainly at the European institutions of plant protection reacting especially on the needs expressed by the European Plant Production Organisation (EPPO). The paper is accompanied by coloured figures of moths and damage on potato tubers and...
Vliv hustoty osazení na chování kura domácího v klecové technologii
Effect of number of birds per cage on poultry behaviour
Dalibor Klecker, Ladislav Zeman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 199-204 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010199
The aim of this ethological experiment was to study the effect of decreasing numbers of hens kept in cages on changes in their behaviour. The numbers of hens were reduced from three to two and one bird per cage and the results of ethological observations were as follows: in cages with three birds the behaviour of hens was relatively normal and corresponded with behaviour patterns observed in cage technologies. A reduction to two hens per cage increased their fighting activities because one of them struggled for a dominant position so that the performance of subordinated hen was usually decreased. Individual rearing resulted in attenuated feeding activities,...
Mikromorfologické charakteristiky podzolů v horských oblastech ČR
Micromorphological characters of podzols in mountains regions of the Czech Republic
Stanislav Jelínek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 205-208 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010205
Seven podzol profiles from mountain regions of the Czech Republic were studied within a research programme. Especially microscopic characters of soils and their micromorphological properties were studied in detail. In all profiles studied the separation of the soil mass into two constituting elements, viz. skeleton and plasm, was observed. In eluvial horizons mainly the structures are represented which result from a progressed dissolution of the building plasm and which contain skeleton consisting mainly of completely washy (leached) sand grains. Only very little organic matter is present in eluvial horizons. In leached (iluvial) horizons covering...
Vliv styčné plochy pneumatik na tahové vlastnosti traktoru
Effect of contact surface of tyres on tractor pulling properties
Pavel Sedlák, František Bauer
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 209-216 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010209
The paper presents a comparison of pulling properties of a prototype of three-axle tractor 6K6 with the classical tractor John Deere 8400. To compare differences in the contact surface of wheels the authors measured the area of tyres of tested tractors. It was found out that the contact surface of tyres of 6K6 tractor was larger by 62 % than that of John Deere 8400. Results of measurements performed on a stubble indicated that the drawbar pull force of 6K6 tractor was 70 kN while that of 4K4 only 58 kN (slippage of wheels was in both cases 40 %). It was concluded that although the weights of both tractors were comparable, a greater drawbar pull force...
Tvorba italského zahradního architekta Pietra Porcinaie
The work of Italian garden designer Pietro Porcinai
Zora Kulhánková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2004, 52(1), 217-226 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010217
Pietro Porcinai (1910 - 1986) was the Italy's most distinguished garden designer of the twentieth century. He was born in Settignano (Florence) and grew up in the ambience of Villa Gamberaia, where his father was a head gardener. He gained a diploma in agriculture in 1928 and left to the nothern Europe. He stopped in Germany where he worked a few years. In Belgium he met the new tendention of the "constructed garden" and in Germany was influenced by Fritz Enchke and Karl Foerster. He started to practise in 1931. Pietro Porcinai was one of the founders of IFLA (International Federation of Landscape Architects) in 1948 and two years later he founded...