Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2005 (vol. 53), issue 2
O vybraných reologických vlastnostech komerčně distribuovaných kečupů
On the selected rheological properties of commercial ketchups
Libor Severa, Jana Simeonovová, Ivo Křivánek, Jaroslav Buchar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 7-18 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020007 
The rheological properties of four different ketchups were determined. The viscosity, shear rate and shear stress were measured by use of Anton Paar DV-3 P Digital Viscometer and received data can be successfully characterized by several models, primarily by Hershel - Bulkley model. The ketchup was found to be a typical time-dependent thixotropic fluid. Shear stress and viscosity decrease with time of shear. Decrease during first 300 s is more significant than later decrease. The influence of spindle speed, shear rate potentially, on a sample viscosity was observed. The viscosity was rapidly changing during low speeds. The data were compared with Carreau...
Vlivy nadmořskÉ výšky lokality na některé chemické, zdravotní, mikrobiologické, fyzikální a technologické ukazatele kravského mléka a senzorické vlastnosti sýrů
The effects of over sea height of locality on some chemical, health, microbiological, physical and technological parameters of cow milk and sensorical properties of cheeses
Oto Hanuš, Vladimír Černý, Jan Frelich, Marek Bjelka, Jan Pozdíšek, Jan Nedělník, Marcela Vyletělová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 19-32 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020019
In general, the over sea height is cumulative factor, which can influence significantly the farm conditions. This effect consists of temperature (mean year temperature), rain (sum of rainfulls), sunshine (total period of sunshine) and so on, in terms of climate, which can influence the dairy cow keeping directly and indirectly. Direct effects can influence the welfare of dairy cows in terms of hot stress for example, which could decrease a mastitis resistance of cows or their milk yield in simply way. Indirect effects can influence the dairy cows and their milk production (milk yield and milk composition and quality) by typical kinds of forages and...
Frekvence genotypů a alel PvuII polymorfismu genu estrogenového receptoru (ESR) u plemene bílé ušlechtilé a landrase
The oestrogen receptor gene (ESR) PvuII polymorphism allele frequencies in Czech Large White and Landrace
Eliška Goliášová, Josef Dvořák
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 33-38 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020033
Genotype and allele frequencies of the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR) PvuII restriction site were investigated in populations of the main Czech maternal breeds. 1253 sows and gilts and 396 boars in Large White and 334 sows and gilts and 318 boars in Landrace were genotyped from blood samples by the modified PCR-RFLP procedure as described in Short et al. (1997). In Large White, the frequency of allele B was about 0.51. In Landrace, the frequency of allele B reached from 0.02 for boars to 0.03 for sows. No significant deviations of the observed genotype frequencies from the frequencies expected according to Hardy-Weinberg...
Vliv vybraných faktorů na růst jehňat kříženců plemen CharollaIs, Suffolk a Zušlechtěná valaška
The effect of chosen factors of the growth of lambs crosses of the breeds Charollais, Suffolk and Improved Valachian
Igor Dobeš, Jan Kuchtík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 39-44 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020039
The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of chosen factors (crossbreds, sex, litter size, age of ewes and interaction between sex and litter size) on the growth of lambs crossbreds of the breeds Charollais (Ch), Suffolk (Sf) and Improved Valachian (IV). The evaluation was performed in the year 2004 on the farm Růžďka and involved altogether 96 lambs. The growth ability was evaluated at the following crossbreds: Ch x Sf (n = 28), (Ch x Sf) x Sf (n = 28), IV x Sf (n = 21) and (IV x Sf) x Sf (n = 19). All lambs under study were born indoor in January. Lambs were kept indoor till the end of the evaluation. From the evaluation of effects of crossbreds,...
Akustická emise a stadia vysokocyklové únavy
Acoustic emission and stage of high-cycle fatigue
Michal Černý, Pavel Mazal, Josef Filípek, Lucie Zyková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 45-62 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020045
From the material echo point of view, talking about high-cycle fatigue, when nondestructive tests of acoustic emissions has been made. Five stages of steel fatigue have been approved and divided agreeably with the shape of individual records. These records have been measured in tests and verified using the visual metalography of material surface. The aim of presented work is to choose from samples with highest levels of emissions of tension waves and its impulses during push-pull loading and than to compare them with random chosen sample from cast iron.Acquired figures of compared materials were not identical, not because of the difference of phase...
ZOBRAZENÍ NAPĚTÍ A DEFORMACE S VYUŽITÍM AE
Visualization of stress and deformation with use of AE
Michal Černý, Pavel Mazal, Josef Filípek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 63-74 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020063
The work is focused on the use of acoustic emission (AE) in technical practice. AE is a relatively new non-destructive experiment method, which is broadly developing mainly at the end of 20th and beginning of 21st century. The aim of the work is to monitor stress and strain initiation area until yield point. The yield point is a final stress-strain limit for machine parts application. Actual σ - ε state should be detected by material acoustic response. It enables determining of machine usable life. Uniaxial tensile test has been performed to achieve this goal. By use of AE method, the whole A2 screw deformation, all the way to...
Vliv klimatických podmínek na intenzitu a rozšíření větrné eroze
Influence of climate conditions on the intensity and spreading of wind erosion
Jana Dufková, Milada Šťastná
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 75-82 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020075
The influence of climate conditions on the intensity and spreading of wind erosion was considered in the area of South Moravia. For this purpose, 16 meteorological stations were selected on the basis of accessibility of required data, their adequate representativeness, homogeneity, and position of the stations. It was necessary to make the database of climatological factors (such as wind velocity, precipitation and air temperature) of the period of 1961-2003 for the analyses of climatological data. The climatological data was then evaluated for the periods of 1961-2003, 1961-1990, 1991-2000, and 1971-2000. Climatic erosion factor, which explains potential...
POROVNÁNÍ STRAVITELNOSTI ORGANICKÝCH ŽIVIN V KRMNÝCH DÁVKÁCH S OBSAHEM LUPINY A HRACHU U KONÍ
Comparing of organic nutrients digestibility in the feed rations containing lupin and peas in horses
Pavel Šajdler, Ladislav Zeman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 83-88 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020083
The aim of this study was to find out and compare organic nutrients digestibility in feed rations containing different forage legumes in balance trials on horses. The trials were always performed on a group of six sports horses (weight of 495 to 742 kg). Six feed rations were tested, which contained different proportion of certain forage legume in empirical feed mixtures. Three feed mixtures contained white lupine seeds (WLS) - Lu 0 (0.01% WLS), Lu 7 (7% WLS), Lu 14 (14% WLS) and surplus three feed mixtures contained field pea seeds (FPS) - Hr 0 (0.01% FPS), Hr 10 (10% FPS), Hr 20 (20% FPS). Amount of WLS in feed mixtures Lu 0 and Lu 7 was completed...
Dynamické vertikální Sauverovy diagramy metastabilní soustavy Fe - Fe3C
Dynamic vertical Sauver's diagrams of the metastable system Fe - Fe3C
Karel Novotný, Josef Filípek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 89-98 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020089
Vertical Sauver's diagrams provide analogous information about specific alloys same as classical Sauver's diagram, the Tamman's diagram or cooling curve with the lever rule application. Particular animation programs like Macromedia Flash facilitate in construction of vertical diagrams and enable their fluent transformation depending on chemical constitution of alloys. Utilization of function masking enables monitoring of the phasic, structural and complex constitution of alloy in the course of different temperature at the same time. Unique structure description of the metal alloys extends knowledge in metallographic science.
Vztah mezi mikrosatelitním polymorfismem makrofágového projevu lysozymového (mLys) genu a vybranými vlastnostmi mléka polských černobílých krav
Associations between microsatellite polymorphism within the macrophage expressed lysozyme (mLys) gene and milk Indices Properties in Polish Black-and-White Cows
Małgorzata Walczak-Wójciak, Janusz Klupczyński, Jan Miciński, Martin Hošek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 99-106 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020099
The experiment was performed in the years 1998-2000 on two farms located near to Vistula Lowlands. The experimental materials were comprised of 52 daughters of bull Paran, among which 21 possessed the mLys-mic 7 allele and 31 - the mLys-mic 3 allele. The serum and whey bacteriolytic activity of the lysozyme, concentrations of selected mineral elements, technological properties of milk at successive the first lactation stages (30, 100, 150 and 200 days), somatic cell count and bacterial count were investigated in this study. The results obtained indicate that Lys-mic polymorphism has low suitability as a marker for milk production capacity in cows....
Vztah stupně příbuzenské plemenitby k mléčné produkci krav na první normované laktaci
The relationship between the level of inbreeding and milk production of cows in the first lactation period
Jiří Bezdíček, Jan Šubrt, Radek Filipčík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 107-116 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020107
The objective of the present study was to explore the effect of the level of inbreeding on milk efficiency of cows and on the content of milk components (fat and protein) in the 1st standard lactation period (305 days). The level of inbreeding (Fx) of inbred cows ranged between 1.25 and 12.5%. Efficiency parameters of inbred cows were compared with their contemporaries - half-sisters after the father (n=2567), raised on the same farm whose first lactation ended in same year. Out of the total database (567,036 cows) created in 1980-2002 we incorporated 885 inbred cows. To allow detailed analyses the inbred cows were divided into...
Vliv nízkého stupně příbuzenské plemenitby na znaky lineárního hodNocení exteriÉru krav holštýnského plemene
The effect of a low level of inbreeding on characters of linear evaluation of the exterior of holstein cows
Jiří Bezdíček, Jan Šubrt, Radek Filipčík
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 117-126 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020117
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a relatively more frequent occurrence of lower coefficients of inbreeding in a population of Holstein cattle on the exterior characters. The exterior of inbred cows (on the level of Fx = 1.56 - 4.00%) was compared with their outbreed contemporaries, i.e. half-sisters from the same father. Evaluations of the exterior of both inbred cows and contemporaries were conducted on the same day, 60-180 days after the first calving, in the same barn and using the valid mode of operation "Linear description and evaluation of the exterior of Holstein cattle". The group consisted of 212...
Chování konverzních vrstev v laboratorních podmínkách
Behavior of conversion layers in the laboratory test conditions
Petr Verner, V. Chrást
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 127-132 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020127
Toxicity of CrVI is a basic problem of chromate conversion layers. This paper refers to regulation EU, which limit occurrence CrVI. Purpose of experiment is alert to alternative anticorrosive inhibitors without CrVI. Alternative inhibitors are on the base CrIII. These inhibitors protect probably similar mechanism as chromans with CrVI.
Minující druhy řádu Lepidoptera na dřevinách arboreta MZLU v Brně - druhové složení, původ a vliv na zdravotní stav dřevin
Mining Lepidoptera of woody plants in the Arboretum of Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno - species composition, origin and their influence on the health condition of plants
Hana Šefrová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 133-142 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020133
The species diversity and trophic relations of mining Lepidoptera were investigated in the Arboretum of Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno during the years 2002-2004. On the whole 132 species belonging to 13 families were found, of which 123 autochthonous and 9 alochthonous. The richest families were Nepticulidae (54 species), Gracillariidae (47) and Coleophoridae (12). The highest diversity of mining species showed the plant families Rosaceae (37), Fagaceae (22) and Betulaceae (20), and the genera Quercus (19), Malus (13) and Prunus (11). The infestation of autochthonous and alochthonous plant species was compared,...
Duplexní ochrana proti korozní degradaci
Duplicate protection against the corrosion degradation
Michal Černý, Josef Filípek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 145-154 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020145
Aplication of hot-dip galvanized objects proves advantage full protection of steel components by zinc. Not only in industrial aglomeration but in this time ingeneral increased concentration of SO2 can be observed. SO2 and NaCl contribute to degradation of zinc protection in such a level that is necessary to provide protection of zinc cover against above mentioned corrosion activators.The test results completly proved high duality of the anti-corroison protection of the duplex Zn + Komaxit. On the photos it is possible to observe that in the aggressive enviroment salt is the pernament still protection by this technological...
SPOLEČENSTVA SEKÁČŮ (OPILIONIDA) LUŽNÍHO LESA V NPR RANŠPURK A JEJICH FLUKTUACE
The communities of harvestmen (Opilionida) of floodplain forest in the Ranšpurk National Nature Reserve and their fluctuations
Hana Šejnohová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 155-162 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020155
During the years 1993-2001 the monitoring of the soil surface fauna was carried out in a floodplain forest in the Ranšpurk National Nature Reserve (south Moravia). The harvestmen assemblages fluctuation is described in detail in this paper. The method of pitfall traps was used. A total of 3174 individuals of seven harvestmen species were collected. The species composition was very similar to other research results from the southern Moravian floodplain forest. Only the dominance values differ from the values in the other localities. All of the registered species prefer moisture and shadow places. The highest abundance was observed in Astrobunus laevipes...
Denní průběh transpiračního toku dřevin
The daytime woody plants water output by transpiration
Medet Kenjebaevich Akhmatov, Petr Salaš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(2), 163-176 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553020163
For the ecological-physiological research, and in particular water exchange, it is necessary to study a plant entire. The data about the daytime change of whole woody plant transpiration help to determine a degree of this or that woody species influence on air humidizing and that way on a microclimate as well, and also to receive necessary information about rational formation of woody plantings as the city boundaries and forest shelterbelts and on sites with various water-security.