Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2012 (vol. 60), issue 6
Effect of ploughing-down of grapevine chips on soil structure when using special agricultural machinery
Barbora Badalíková, Jan Červinka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 9-14 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060009 
Within the period of 2008-2011, changes in soil structure were studied in two selected localities: one of them was situated in vineyards of the University Training Farm of Mendel University in Žabčice near Brno, the other was in vineyards situated in the cadastre of wine-growing municipality Velké Bílovice. Established were altogether three variants of experiments with application of crushed grapevine wood (chips): Variant 1 - control; Variant 2 - crushed grapevine wood ploughed down to the depth of 0.10 m; Variant 3 - crushed grapevine wood + grass spread on the soil surface as a mulch. Grapevine canes were crushed to chips using a special agricultural...
Monitoring the spring phenological stages in a spruce monoculture in the Drahanská vrchovina upland in 2005-2011
Emilie Bednářová, Sabina Truparová, Lucie Merklová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 15-20 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060015
The paper evaluates the onset and duration of spring vegetation phenological stages in a spruce monoculture of the third age class in relation to changing parameters of the environment in the region of the Drahanská vrchovina Upland. Temperature requirements of Norway spruce necessary for the onset particular phenological stages were evaluated on the basis of sums of effective temperatures > 5 °C. The period of 2005-2011 is processed in relation to long-term monitoring since 1991. Based on results obtained, there is considerable variability owing to changing climatic conditions in the onset of spring phenological stages in the course of monitored...
The effect of the size and shape of chestnuts on the identification of horses
Iveta Bihuncová, E. Sobotková, T. Petlachová, M. Píšová, M. Kosťuková, H. Černohorská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 21-32 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060021
A study was carried out on 11 horse breeds comprising of the Akhal Teke (n = 23); English Thoroughbred (n = 23); Arabian Thoroughbred (n = 18); Czech Warm-Blood (n = 21); Old Kladrubian horse (n = 20); Hucul horse (n = 20); Czech - Moravian Belgian horse (n = 20); Noriker horse (n = 7); Silesian Noriker (n = 14); Haflinger (n = 20); Shetland pony (n = 20) to determine the shape and size of chestnuts. Chestnuts of 206 horses classified in three phylogeny classes were measured and drawn. The necessary data (breed; sex; name; sire; dam; sire of dam; age of horse; colour of horse; colour of the chestnut; bone) were entered into a special form. In the form...
Microbiological quality and safety of goat's milk from one farm
Šárka Cupáková, Markéta Pospíšilová, Renáta Karpíšková, Bohumíra Janštová, Lenka Vorlová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 33-38 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060033
In recent years, the popularity of goat's milk and goat's milk products has been growing in the Czech Republic, especially for its low allergenic potential and good digestibility. This study focused on the assessment of the microbiological quality and safety of raw and heat-treated goat's milk. During the lactation period, total of 48 samples of raw and 40 samples of pasteurized goat's milk were collected on a goat's farm in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Quantitative analysis was performed to determine the total plate count (TPC) and coagulase-positive (CP) staphylococci count. The presence of E. coli including E. coli...
Analysis of growth dynamics of the Czech warm-blood based on results of grading of colts in rearing facilities for testing young horses
Hana Černohorská, Eva Sobotková, Tereza Petlachová, Markéta Píšová, Martina Kosťuková, Iveta Bihuncová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 39-48 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060039
The objective of the study was to analyse the dynamics of growth of the Czech warm-blood young horses and to evaluate the effect of rearing facilities for testing young horses (RFT) on the increase in body measurements of the young horses. Groundwork data were obtained from the database of the Czech Warm-Blood Horse Breeders Association which contains data on the regular grading of the young horses in the RFT facilities. Data from the year 2001 to 2011 from 7 RFT facilities for young horses of the Czech warm-blood were entered in the basic database. Statistical processing of the database using the GLM method revealed that the RFT had a statistically...
Effect of stand edge on the natural regeneration of spruce, beech and Douglas-fir
Lumír Dobrovolný, T. Štěrba, J. Kodeš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 49-56 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060049
Our work aimed at studying the strategy of woody plants regeneration during the regeneration of a spruce stand with the admixture of beech and Douglas-fir by border cutting (NW-SE aspect) on acidic sites of higher elevations in the Bohemian-Moravian Upland. Spruce is better adapted to bear shade than Douglas-fir. Nevertheless, in optimal light conditions up to a distance of ca. 35 m (about 16% DIFFSF) from the stand edge, the Douglas-fir can put the spruce into danger as to height growth. By contrast to beech, the density of spruce is significantly higher within the distance of 45 m (about 15% DIFFSF) from the stand edge but further on the situation...
Production potential and quality of sessile oak (Quercus petraea LIEBL.) in different types of mixtures
Lumír Dobrovolný, J. Macháček
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 57-66 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060057
Three variants of growing sessile oak (maturing high forest) on typical fertile sites of lower elevations in the Czech Republic were compared from the production and quality point of view. The variants were as follows: mixed forest unmanaged more than 30 years, mixed forest and pure stand subjected to standard management measures based on positive selection. Surprisingly, no essential differences were found either in the production potential or in the quality of sessile oak at comparing the managed mixed forest and the monoculture. A higher number of crop oak trees in the monoculture was compensated in the mixed forest by the representation of other...
Relationship between energy status and fertility in Czech Fleckvieh cows
Jaromír Ducháček, Mojmír Vacek, Luděk Stádník, Jan Beran, Zuzana Vodková, Veronika Rohlíková, Michaela Nejdlová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 67-74 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060067
The aim of this study was to confirm that a negative energy balance expressed by declining body condition score (BCS) can lead to the deterioration of fertility results of Czech Fleckvieh cows. The BCS of cows was evaluated before calving and during the first five weeks of lactation. The evaluation was based on 338 Czech Fleckvieh cows calved between the October 13th, 2009 and April 27th, 2010 at one dairy farm. Analysis of relationships between the energy balance results and fertility score expressed by the reproduction results (pregnancy rate after the first and all inseminations, the insemination interval, service period, insemination index, calving...
Trace element content in market eggs in Bohemia
Hana Dušová, Jan Trávníček, Zdeněk Peksa, Daniel Falta, Václav Pálka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 75-80 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060075
The aim of this study was to analytically determine the content of iodine, copper, zinc and manganese in the yolk of consumer eggs in Bohemia in 2007 and 2008. Investigated eggs originated from six so called intensive farms with large flocks (118 eggs) and twelve backyard farms or small-flock establishments (136 eggs) from three administrative regions in Czech Republic. Eggs from intensive farms were obtained directly from the establishments, while eggs from backyard farms were purchased from private farmers. Spectrophotometric Sandell-Kolthoff method was used for determination of iodine content in egg yolk, while Cu, Zn and Mn levels were determined...
Effect of feeding sows on rations enriched with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the growth capacity and survival of their piglets
Zdeněk Hadaš, Marie Čechová, Pavel Nevrkla
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 81-88 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060081
The evaluation of the effect of supplements of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) given to pregnant and lactating sows on the phenotypic manifestation of their reproductive performance and on the birth and weaning weight of piglets was performed under conditions of a commercial herd of pigs. The experiment involved altogether 40 hybrid sows divided into two equal groups, i.e. Controls with 20 sows and Experimental Group with also 20 sows. Experimental Group received within the time interval from the 108th day of pregnancy to the 28th day after the parturition a supplement of 2 % of CLA. In individual litters the following performance...
Use of G-phase for biogas production
Martina Haitl, Tomáš Vítěz, Tomáš Koutný, Radovan Kukla, Tomáš Lošák, Ján Gaduš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 89-96 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060089
Biogas is very promising renewable energy resource. The number of biogas plants increase every year. Currently there is a demand for new ways of organic waste treatment from production of different commodities. One of the technologies which produce waste is biodiesel production. One of the wastes from the biodiesel production is G-phase which is mainly consisted from glycerol and methanol. The aim of work was to find the effect of G-phase addition, to fermented material, on biogas resp. methane production. Two lab-scale batch anaerobic fermentation tests (hydraulic retention time 14 and 22 days) under mesophilic temperature conditions 38.5 °C have...
Physical properties of stallion semen in relation to some qualitative and quantitative characteristics
Šárka Hanuláková, Ondřej Mamica, Ladislav Máchal, Ivo Křivánek, Radek Filipčík, Martin Hošek, Gustav Chládek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 97-102 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060097
A growing number of diagnostic methods lead to a perfection of the semen evaluation of stud animals. An elementary semen examination and a careful health assessment have always been the most important part of a stud stallion evaluation. The aim of this experiment was to find the relationship between some qualitative and quantitative semen characteristics and the electrical conductivity and dynamic viscosity of semen. The possible use of the semen physical properties as an additional measure of the semen evaluation in stallions was considered. The electrical conductivity ranged between 0.32 S.m-1 and 0.55 S.m-1 with the total mean...
Innovation of prediction equations for milk composition estimation in milk recording at alternative sampling and half a day milking interval
Oto Hanuš, Pavel Hering, Petr Roubal, Gustav Chládek, Aleš Dufek, Radoslava Jedelská, Marcela Vyletělová, Jiří Höfer
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 103-110 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060103
At dairying cost reduction and effort about maintenance of milk recording (MR) range the MR cost decrease is also important. Aim was to revise the older prediction equations for alternative reduced milk sampling (morning - M or evening - E) for assurance of MR reliable results at twice milking a day (TMD) with balanced interval 12/12. Individual milk samples (n = 619 animals) were obtained during TMD (M, E and REF; n = 1 857 samples). Fat (F), protein (P), lactose (L) and somatic cell count (SCC) were analysed. Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein breeds were included. The reference values (REF) of day milking were obtained in regular MR (A4P). M and E milking...
Effect of different extenders on ram sperm traits during storage
Zdeňka Hegedűšová, Ladislav Štolc, František Louda, Libor Čunát, Jan Vejnar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 111-116 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060111
The aim of the study was to test commercial extenders used for short-term and long-term sperm preservation. Semen was collected in the reproduction season, i.e. from June to December. The ejaculates were obtained from single services and the routine analysis of the semen was performed immediately after the collection. The examination included semen volume, colour and texture, sperm concentration and motility, ejaculate turbulence and percentage of sperm with abnormal morphology. The semen was diluted with an extender in the ratio of 1:4. The processed semen was transported in an insulated container at 16-18 °C to the laboratory and stored in a stationary...
Taxocenoses of psocids (Insecta: Psocoptera) in the forest ecosystems of Babia hora Mt. and Pilsko Mt. in the Oravské Beskydy Mts. (Slovakia)
Otakar Holuša
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 117-128 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060117
In the Oravské Beskydy Mts. in the National Natural Reserves of Babia hora Mt. and Pilsko Mt. (northern Slovakia) are natural forest and near-natural forest stands in 8th (Piceeta s. lat. =Spruce) and in 9th (Pineta mugo s. lat. = dwarf pine) vegetation tiers (= altitudinal vegetation zones) (vegetation tiers according Plíva 1971, 1991, Holuša and Holuša 2008, 2010, 2011). During 1999-2000, psocids (Psocoptera) were studied from 6th to 9th vegetation tiers. In total, 1,113 adults and 42 larvae in 17 species were found. In 6th VT, 11 species were found (the following species...
Cellulose and cutisin decomposition in soil of Alopecuretum meadow
Zuzana Hrevušová, Josef Hakl, Jaroslav Martinek, Jiří Mrkvička
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 129-134 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060129
Plant litter decomposition is a fundamental process to ecosystem functioning regulated by both abiotic and biotic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the decomposition of cellulose and protein (cutisin) substrates on permanent Alopecuretum meadow under different methods of management. The treatments were following: 2 × cut, 2 × cut + NPK, 2 × mulch, 1 × cut, 1 × mulch (frequency of mowing per year) and no-treated plots. Cutting or mulching was carried out in October, under the 2 × cut management also in May. In 2007-2009, cellulose and cutisin in mesh bags were placed in the soil and kept from April to October. Total mean ratios...
Production potential and stability of a broadleaved mixed oak/hornbeam forest stand situated on a eutrophic site, Ždánický les
Václav Hurt
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 135-144 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060135
The paper focuses on assessing the growth and production of a mixed oak/hornbeam forest stand established by combined regeneration in 1940 to 1942. The stand is situated at an altitude of 460 m. Since 1961, it is left to its natural development. The 25-year-old stand was characterized as an individually mixed, both diameter- and height-differentiated pole-stage stand. The proportion of tree species was as follows: sessile oak 77 %, hornbeam 19 %, birch 1 %, lime 1 %, black poplar 1 %, wild cherry tree, wild service tree, and field maple. During 41 years of measurements, the proportion of oak slightly decreased to 76 %, on the other hand, the proportion...
The effect of various copper sources on the trace elements profile in the hair, plasma and faeces and copper activity in the organism of horses
Petra Jančíková, Pavel Horký, Ladislav Zeman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 145-152 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060145
In our experiment with 20 mares (3.6-19.8 years old) divided into 3 groups we evaluated the effect of supplementation with various sources of copper on the trace elements profile in the hair, blood plasma and faeces and copper activity in the organism of horses. The horses were stabled in box stalls (similar dimension) with feeding pump, with the access to a paddock or walker. All mares received the same basic feed ration that was supplemented with various form of copper (Cu in the organic form - proteinate - Bioplex Cu vs. Cu in the inorganic form - CuSO4.5H2O) in amount of 120 mg per day for the mares in experimental groups....
Employment of maize silage in non-liquid fermentation for biogas production
Zbyšek Karafiát, Tomáš Vítěz, Kristina Somerlíková, Ján Gaduš, Martin Haitl, Tomáš Koutný
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 153-160 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060153
This paper deals with the optimization of the anaerobic fermentation process of maize silage using the non-liquid technology. The aim of the paper is to increase the knowledge necessary for more efficient running of biogas stations using batch technology of non-liquid fermentation. The preferable ratio of initial materials, fresh maize silage and maize silage after partial fermentation, was verified within this experiment. Dynamics of the process, especially the quantity and quality of produced biogas has been monitored during the experiment. All the experiments have been done in the batch-system fermentors of volume of 0.48 m3 equipped...
Efficiency of soil and flood control measures in land consolidations
Jana Konečná, Jana Podhrázská, František Toman
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 161-166 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060161
Land consolidations are an important instrument for implementation of erosion and flood control measures. Thanks to their poly-functional character, they also contribute to increase of ecological stability and aesthetic of landscape. Although the land consolidation process does not advance as quickly as requisite, it brings unquestionably positive results. One or more erosion and flood control measures are built in 17 % of cadastres with finished complex land consolidation. Land consolidation designs are supported by the state and the EU funds are used for the realization of protective and ecological measures. With the aim to evaluate real efficiency...
Factors influencing the selected body parameters and hippometric indexes in donkey's population
Martina Kosťuková, Iva Jiskrová, Eva Sobotková, Tereza Petlachová, Markéta Píšová, Barbora Králová, Iveta Bihuncová, Hana Černohorská
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 167-172 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060167
The main focus of our work was to collect basic body measurements of donkey population in Czech republic and determine the factors that influence these body measurements and hipometric indexes. The following measurements were recorded: height at withers, chest circumference and metacarpus interference. Based on the collected data, we were able to calculate the hipometric indexes: index of boniness, skeleton strength index, body mass index and coup height index. From a total of 331 individuals of donkey species living in Czech republic we managed to collect 50 samples. These were subjected to a general linear model (GLM) and multiplex comparison statistical...
Assessment of a daily defecation rate of fallow deer upon a closed population study
Antonín Košnář, Romana Rajnyšová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 173-180 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060173
Many indirect methods of counting even-toed ungulates are based on the principle of accumulating dung in a known area per a unit of time. In order to provide the most accurate assessment of the population size, these methods require the knowledge of daily defecation of the monitored species. The main objective of the study submitted is the assessment of a daily defecation rate of fallow deer based on the monitoring of its closed population. A partial objective is the assessment of the distribution of fallow deer in an enclosed area with a view to biotopes represented. A fallow deer population was studied for the period of three years (2009-2011) in...
The turfs quality of selected Slovak varieties of the genus Festuca under the conditions without irrigation
Peter Kovár, Ľuboš Vozár, Ján Jančovič
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 181-188 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060181
The development of botanical composition (in % dominance) in the period 2005-2011 and growth-production process in the years 2007-2011 were evaluated in small-plots experiment with selected Slovak varieties of species of the genus Festuca. The experiment was realized under the conditions without irrigation of south-western Slovakia (locality Nitra). The data of botanical composition of turfs showed that fescue varieties were able to create well-covered vegetation (coverage 87-99 %) as early as next year after sowing in conditions without irrigation. In the next period, the differences in turf coverage between varieties were minimized. The total...
Changes of quality of rennets during storing
Monika Kozelková, Miroslav Jůzl, Táňa Lužová, Květoslava Šustová, Aneta Bubeníčková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 189-196 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060189
This work deals about evaluation of qualitative parameters of rennets. During the six months storing of rennets were determined following qualitative parameters: pH, rennet coagulation time, activity (strange) of rennet and dose of rennet, and finally were used instrumental methods: Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) for recognizing age of rennets and spectrophotometric methods of determining the color of rennets. The theory found in the references suggests, that the activity of rennet should decrease by an average of 1-2 % per month, but the results are showing, that are changing quality of rennets namely mostly activity (strange) of rennet, which was...
Analysis of consumer preferences focused on food additives
Dagmar Kozelová, Martina Fikselová, Simona Dodoková, Ladislav Mura, Andrea Mendelová, Vladimír Vietoris
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 197-204 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060197
This paper is aimed to evaluate the role of additives in food production and to identify how these additives are known and used by consumers in their households. The questionnaire technique was used, the research involved 220 respondents. It was found that the respondents are perceptive to adding of additives into food. Cluster analysis confirmed that the majority of respondents is about the incidence of food additives only partially informed, although 87% of respondents knew what the (E) letter of additive means. The correct answers for each question depended on the age and education of respondents and were not dependent on gender of respondents....
Leachates analysis of glass from black and white and color television sets
Radovan Kukla, Tomáš Vítěz, Petr Junga, Pavel Mach
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 205-210 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060205
The aim of work was to determine the content of selected elements in the glass from color and black and white television (TV) sets. The amount of back taken TV sets in the Czech Republic increases annualy, which is associated with higher production of the waste glass. Currently there is 1.4 television sets for each household and the number of it should increase in future, because of higher standard of living and new technologies used. Waste glass treatment or landfilling may present, because of composition of the waste glass threat to the environment. One of the indicators of the polution from waste glass is leachate analysis, which can show us the...
Flow behavior of petrol, bio-ethanol and their blends
Vojtěch Kumbár, Adam Polcar
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 211-216 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060211
The objective of this article deals with the flow behavior of bio-ethanol, conventional petrol and their blends (E15, E85). The temperature dependence density and kinematic viscosity of the liquids have been measured. The densitometer Densito 30PX with the scale for measuring fuels has been used to the measuring temperature dependence of the density of fuels and their blends. The rotary viscometer Anton Paar DV-3P has been used to the measuring temperature dependence of kinematic viscosity of fuels and their blends. For all samples has determined that the temperature has increased the density and kinematic viscosity of fuels and their blends has decreased....
Yields and quality of forage legumes under imbalanced year precipitation conditions on south Moravia
Jaroslav Lang, K. Vejražka
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 217-224 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060217
In this paper, yield and quality of forage following species of forage legumes were evaluated with regard to precipitations: lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M.), alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). The trial was sown in the spring of 2008, evaluated in the period 2009-2011. Analysis of samples was performed with the apparatus NIRS 6500. Following parameters were evaluated: production of dry matter, energy concentration (NEL), contents of fibre and crude protein....
Water sorption isotherms of skimmed milk powder within the temperature range of 5-20 °C
Jitka Langová, Jiří Štencl, Václav Vlášek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 225-230 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060225
Moisture sorption isotherms (MSI's) of skimmed milk powder in the temperature range of 5-20 °C were determined using manometric method. MSI's, which show the water content versus water activity (Aw) at a constant temperature, are used to describe relationships between water content and equilibrium state relative vapour pressure (RVP). The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of skimmed milk powder samples is growing with an increase of Aw at a constant temperature both for water adsorption and desorption. Isotherms were found to be type II of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller classification. It is the type most common for foods. The shape of created isotherms was...
The resistance of ledeburitic tool steels against the abrasive wear
Jaromír Liška, Josef Filípek
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 231-242 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060231
The ledeburitic tool steels which used to be used mainly for cutting and shaping tools nowadays are frequently used for a manufacture of injection moulds, moulds for pressure castings of aluminium alloys and for moulds for ceramics processing. The article deals with findings of ledeburitic tool steels resistance against abrasive wear. For the tests there were prepared the test samples of ledeburitic tool steels 19 436 and 19 573 (both according to ČSN). Moreover there were prepared the samples from structural abrasion resistant material Hardox 450 and from unalloyed structural steel 11 373 (according to ČSN). A wear resistance was examined by means...
Evaluation of the effect of imported foreign breeds on the sports performance of warm-blood horses in the Czech Republic
Sylvie Makovská Krčová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 243-250 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060243
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of foreign studbooks in the breeding of warm-blood horses in the Czech Republic in the period 2000-2009. We included the following effects in our research: group based on the prevailing horse breed, year of start, sex, age and country of birth. We evaluated the effect of these parameters on the sports performance in show jumping competitions. The sports performance was based on the number of PPB points. The data were processed statistically using the general linear model (GLM). We discovered that the effect of these parameters was statistically highly significant. The HOLST1 group showed the highest...
Rep-PCR-based typing as a tool for tracking of MRSA infection origin
Ivan Manga, Marcela Vyletělová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 251-256 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060251
A performance of rep-PCR fingerprinting method with the (GTG)5 primer was explored in order to evaluate its practical application for confirmation the source of human staphylococci infection. A laboratory worker daily working with the MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus strains has been tested positively for MRSA nosocomial infection. The collection of nine MRSA strains held in the laboratory has been typed with the rep-PCR method. Analysis of the fingerprints with the unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) clustering method revealed presence of six strain clusters with similarity lower than 85%. The fingerprint of MRSA strain...
Comparison of infiltration capacity of permanent grassland and arable land during the 2011 growing season
Tomáš Mašíček, F. Toman, M. Vičanová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 257-266 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060257
The aim of this paper was to compare the rate of infiltration and cumulative infiltration in permanent grassland (PG) and in arable land over the course of the 2011 growing season. The measurement of water infiltration into soil was conducted via ponded infiltration method based on the use of two concentric cylinders in field conditions. Kostiakov equations were applied to evaluate the ponded infiltration. Based on field measurements, the dependence of infiltration rate (v) on time (t) was determined and also the dependence of cumulative infiltration (i) on time (t). In order to determine physical properties of soil and...
Analysis of piglet losses in farrowing houses with different technologies
Pavel Nevrkla, Marie Čechová, Zdeněk Hadaš
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 267-274 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060267
The aim of this study was to analyse the losses of piglets caused by different factors (due to overlaying, biting and/or other reasons) within the period from birth to weaning, reared with their mothers in different types of housing technology. The experiment involved 90 hybrid sows (Czech Large White x Czech Landrace) housed in two farrowing houses with two different types of technology. Each experimental variant involved 45 sows with 45 litters and the aim was to demonstrate the effect of the technology on losses of piglets. One variant (Technology I) was modern and originated from the year 2002 while the other (Technology II) was older (1994). Piglets...
Spiders (Araneae) of Zbrašovské aragonitové jeskyně National Nature Monument (Moravia, Czech Republic)
Jana Niedobová, Vladimír Hula
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 275-280 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060275
Spiders of non-cave part of Zbrašovské aragonitové jeskyně National Nature Monument were investigated during the year 2011. Several capture methods were used from April to October. Altogether, 71 species from 20 families were recorded and 46 more species were allready found in previous studies. Until 2012, there are 89 species known from this NNM in total. Several remarkable species were found: Ceratinella major, Megalepthyphantes nebulosus, Porrhomma convexum. Most of spider species from the locality belong to climax (C) and semi-natural (SN) habitat species.
Evaluation of the movement of the Welsh mountain Pony and Welsh Pony
Markéta Píšová, Iva Jiskrová, Tereza Petlachová, Eva Sobotková, Hana Černohorská, Martina Kosťuková, Iveta Bihuncová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 281-286 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060281
This work evaluates the movement of the Welsh Mountain Pony and the Welsh Pony. The aim was to evaluate the movement in walk and trot. Basic parameters were measured (length of stride in walk, length of stride in trot and the frequency). For this evaluation the following effects were chosen: sex, breed section, country of origin and scapula angle.57 individuals of the Welsh Pony and Cob breeds were entered into the database, of which 37 animals were section A and 20 animals section B. We measured the data with a laser measure and a special pedometer between March 2010 and April 2012. The relationship between the length of stride in walk and trot...
Effect of early to late wood proportion on Norway spruce biomass
Radek Pokorný, Petra Rajsnerová, Jiří Kubásek, Irena Marková, Ivana Tomášková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 287-292 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060287
Aboveground biomass, allometric relationships and early to late wood proportions were investigated in two even-aged monocultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) located at mountain and highland localities of the Czech Republic. However similar stand age and tree size, mountain trees comparing to them from highland showed less/tapering stems, lower aboveground biomass and lower stem wood density along the whole stem vertical profile as a result of different early to late wood proportion. These proportions were 79 % and 54 % for early wood, and 21 % and 46 % for late wood within mean stem annual circle in mountain and highland locality,...
Infestation of different garlic varieties by dry bulb mite Aceria tulipae (Keifer) (Acari: Eriophyidae)
Eva Sapáková, Lea Hasíková, Luděk Hřivna, Helena Stavělíková, Hana Šefrová
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 293-302 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060293
The intensity of garlic infestation by dry bulb mite Aceria tulipae (Keifer, 1938) was observed on different garlic varieties in central Moravia. The aim of this study was to determine infestation of different garlic varieties during storage in the winter period 2011-2012. Current studies on 11 garlic varieties from the Centre of the Region Haná at an altitude of 210 m showed high abundance of Aceria tulipae on 10 varieties. Bolting garlic varieties (Bzenecky Mutant VF, Sochi 25, Tiraspol, Zailijskij) were highly infested, non-bolting varieties (Czerga, SIR 10 new breeding, Gjirokaster) were infested weakly or not at all (Kelcyre). The...
Verification and proposal of the modification of "The method for the establishment of the erosion terminant"
Miloslav Šlezingr, Pavla Pilařová, Petr Pelikán, Martina Zeleňáková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 303-308 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060303
The aim of the paper is to inform the professional public about a conducted experiment, its results and recommendations for further scientific assessment and practice. The experiment deals with the basis for a proposal of a prognostic method concerning reservoir bank line retreat caused by waves and the related bank erosion. During the experiment we found discrepancies between the assumed (calculated) values of the height level of erosion terminant (the point in the reservoir bank area where the erosion spontaneously stops) and the measured values. Therefore, we have reached the conclusion, which is presented in the paper, leading to a proposal for...
Diversity of ground beetles (Carabidae) in the plantations of fast growing trees
Pavla Šťastná
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 309-316 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060309
The species diversity of ground beetles (Carabidae) was monitored in the plantations of fast growing trees (poplars and willows) in the District of Žďár nad Sázavou, Czech Republic (faunistic square 6463). Relations between age and type of vegetation and biodiversity were observed. Samples were collected from pitfall traps at monthly intervals from May to October in 2008. In total, 36 species of Carabidae represented by 912 specimens were entrapped in the 4 monitored plots. Basic synecologic characteristics (dominance, species diversity, evenness and Jaccard similarity index) were evaluated. The most numerous species in the plot No. 1 was Abax parallelepipedus...
A contribution to the knowledge of biology and harmfulness of Deporaus betulae (L.) (Coleoptera, Attelabidae)
Jaroslav Urban
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 317-338 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060317
The paper deals with the occurrence, development and harmfulness of Deporaus betulae (L.). The majority of field studies was carried out at Training Forest Enterprise (TFE) Masaryk Forest in Křtiny (District Brno-venkov) in 2010 and 2011. In addition to this, the species was studied in detail also in a laboratory. It occurred mostly on Betula pendula and Carpinus betulus. Rarely, the species was found on Alnus glutinosa and Corylus avellana and only sporadically on Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Tilia cordata and T. platyphyllos. In the studied area, larvae and pupae hibernate. Beetles...
Sanvitalia speciosa in the horticultural trade: unknown origin, uncertain identity but no Sanvitalia
Jiří Uher
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 339-342 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060339
Sanvitalia speciosa is a widespread but apparently invalid name used in the horticultural trade for a delicate plant of unknown origin which was introduced to cultivation nineteen years ago. A number of morphological characters on this is uncommon in the subtribe Zinniinae and suggest that the plant really belongs to the genus Melampodium. In the genus Melampodium, the cultivated plants obviously belongs to the section Rhizomaria, but their identity remain uncertain: the plants seem to be close to M. montanum BENTH. but a number of characters that are unusual in this species has been recorded.
The effect of low and high barn temperatures on behaviour and performance of Holstein dairy cows
Milan Večeřa, D. Falta, G. Chládek, L. Máchal
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 343-350 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060343
The experiment was carried out at the University Training Farm in Žabčice (the Czech Republic; location 49°0'51.081"N, 16°36'14.848"E, 179 m.a.s.l) over the period of one year (1st July to 30th June). The assessment of temperature impact was based on data from 16 hottest days (H) and 16 coldest days (L). The experimental group consisted of 70 cows in various stage of lactation (30d-210d) and parity (1-8). The cows were housed in a section (one quarter) of a free-stall barn with 77 stalls in three rows. Row A was located peripherally, close to the side wall, row B was in the middle and row C was situated centrally, close to the...
The case study of the spatial nitrogen variability of soil endangered by erosion on loess material
Vítězslav Vlček, Martin Brtnický
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 351-356 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060351
The erosion impact on the spatial variability of selected soil properties was picked for the purpose of the research. The chosen locality is situated close to Křenovice (Vyškov district). Sites with soil type chernozem are exploited as arable land almost everywhere in this region. The agricultural production, however, has had staggering impact during last 80 years and has caused many degradation changes of soil properties of chernozems. This work aims to point out the water erosion impact on the spatial variability of total nitrogen, total organic carbon and C/N ratio, at steep grounds with no soil protection from erosion on loess parent material.
The food of common bream (Abramis brama L.) in a biomanipulated water supply reservoir
Tomáš Zapletal, Jan Mareš, Pavel Jurajda, Lucie Všetičková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 357-366 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060357
Food composition of common bream (Abramis brama, L.) was studied in the shallow, meso-eutrophic, Hamry reservoir (Czech Republic). Fish were sampled during the daytime in the pre-spawning period (April), the post-spawning (June), summer (July) and autumn (October) in 2011. The bream sampled comprised two main size groups: small, 124-186 mm; and large, 210-315 mm standard length. Twenty specimens of each size group (except April - 40 large fish) were taken for analysis on each sampling occasion. Food composition was evaluated using gravimetric methods. Over the whole season, detritus and aquatic vegetation were the dominant dietary items taken....
Does the water reuse affect the fish growth, welfare quality?
Štěpán Lang, Jan Mareš, Radovan Kopp
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 369-374 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060369
The fish production in aquaculture is growing from year to year. However capacities of current aquaculture facilities are limited. So the need of intensification of old facilities and building new intensive facilities is obvious. The high intensity of fish culture generates some questions. Could water reuse affect fish growth, welfare, health or quality of final product? A lot of research was performed for this issue but just a few works compared water reuse systems (RAS) versus flow thru systems (FTS). A problem with CO2 oversaturation was solved by shallow diffusers. Fin erosion seems to be a problem of high stocking density and system...
Evaluation of the conformation of stallions of selected horse breeds
Tereza Petlachová, Eva Sobotková, Iva Jiskrová, Markéta Píšová, Iveta Bihuncová, Hana Černohorská, Martina Kosťuková
Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(6), 375-382 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260060375
The aim of this study was to evaluate the conformation of stallions of the breeds American Quarter Horse (AQH), American Paint Horse (APH), Appaloosa (Appa), the Lipizzaner horse (LH) and the Old Kladruby horse (OKH). Representatives of these breeds are characterized as the descendants of horses on the base of the Arab-Berber blood. Western breeds (AQH, APH, Appa) due to different environmental conditions, nutrition and the other structure under the influence of a different type of use, type of riding demands differed considerably from the original Spanish-type horses. It was measured a total of 24 body dimensions. Representatives of The American western...