Influence of biofuels usage in internal combustion engines of agricultural tractors on output parametrs

Application of alternative fuels brings the social benefits in terms of reducing dependence on oil industry and its products as well as decreasing of damage of the environment together with using of natural resources, especially in field of renewable energy resources. The use of biofuels is the most important part of energy strategy in European Union, whose member states have agreed the content of biofuels will achieve 5.75% of the total energy sum of fuel for transport purposes in 2010. Operation of internal combustion engine fueled by RME brings environmental benefits as described several authors in analysis of the life cycle. The contribution deals with technical difficulties of the RME usage in internal combustion engine used in agricultural tractors. Different fuel causes different process of combustion which means changes in output power and pollution. The aim of this experiment was to determine these effects. Experimental work was divided into two parts according to various fuel systems. The first tractor was equipped with mechanical injection system, the second one was provided with common-rail fuel system. The test procedures consisted of measurement of power-torque curves where the engine load was created by Eddy current dynamometer. Exhaust gas analyzer sampled the pollution of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons as the most important indicators of combustion process.

Keywords: biofuels, RME, pollution, tractor's engine

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Příspěvek vznikl s podporou projektu COST 356 OC191 "Doprava v zemědělství a její dopad na životní prostředí" uděleného MŠMT ČR a výzkumného záměru č. MSM6215648905 "Biologické a technologické aspekty udržitelnosti řízených ekosystémů a jejich adaptace na změnu klimatu" uděleného MŠMT ČR.