Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(5), 19-26 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957050019

Vyhodnocení produkce mléčného tuku a bílkovin inbredních a outbredních holštýnských krav

Jiří Bezdíček1, Jan Šubrt2, Radek Filipčík2, Jan Říha1
1 Agrovýzkum Rapotín, s. r. o., Výzkumníků 267, 788 13 Vikýřovice, Česká republika
2 Ústav chovu a šlechtění zvířat, Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Zemědělská 1665/1, 613 00 Brno, Česká republika

Cílem práce bylo zjištění vlivu stupně inbreedingu na produkci tuku a bílkovin, prezentované ve formě plemenných hodnot. Soubor dat zahrnoval krávy narozené v letech 1990-2006 na farmách v České republice. Inbrední krávy byly seřazeny do skupin podle velikosti koeficientu Fx (Fx= 1,25 %, Fx= 2,0-3,125 %, Fx= 4,0-12,5 % a Fx = celkem). Plemenné hodnoty inbredních krav byly srovnávány s hodnotami jejich neinbredních vrstevnic (n = 2689) - polosestrami se shodným otcem, které měly matku se shodnou plemennou hodnotou (± 5 %), a které ukončily svoji první lataci na stejné farmě a ve stejném čase (± 2 měsíce). Pro výpočet byl použit program PROC GLM of SAS® s pěti fixními efekty (věk při prvním otelení, rok otelení, počet laktací, mezidobí a relativní plemenná hodnota otce a matky).
Ve sledovaných skupinách koeficientu Fx (Fx= 1,25 %, Fx = 2,0-3,125 %, Fx = 4,0-12,5 % and Fx = total) jsme zjistili pokles plemenných hodnot kg tuku inbredních krav o -1,48; 0,17; -8,26 a -0,51 kg. Také v případě kg bílkovin byla zjištěna nižší produkce inbredních krav: -0,58; -0,48; -3,21 a -0,94 kg. Tyto diference byly signifikantní (p ≤ 0,01) ve skupinách s vyšším koeficientem inbreedingu (Fx = 4,0-12,5 %). Inbrední zvířata také vykazovala vyšší variabilitu v rámci sx (Yijklmn).
Bylo také zřejmé, že nárůst kvality rodičů (jejich plemenné hodnoty) podmiňoval vysoce průkazné zvýšení produkce jejich inbredních, event. neinbredních dcer. Vyšší nárůst produkce tuku, event. bílkovin byl ale ve skupině neinbredních krav.

inbrední deprese, kg bílkovin, kg tuku, holštýnské krávy

Evaluation of milkfat and milkprotein production in inbred and outbred Holstein cows

The aim of this study was to explore the depression effects of level of inbreeding on kg of fat and protein presented in the form of breeding values. The data included cows calved in the years 1990-2006 at farms in the Czech Republic. Inbred cows were grouped according to Fx coefficients (Fx = 1.25%, Fx = 2.0-3.125%, Fx = 4.0-12.5% and Fx = total). The breeding values for inbred cows were compared with their outbred equals (2689 equals in sum) - half-sisters, sharing the same sire, dam reaching the same breeding value (± 5%) and their first calving occurring at the same farm, at the same time (±2 month). The PROC GLM of SAS® with fixed effects (age at first calving, year of calving, number of lactations, first calving interval and relative breeding value of sire and dam were applied to all data).
In the groups with Fx coefficients (Fx= 1.25 %, Fx = 2.0-3.125 %, Fx = 4.0-12.5 % and Fx = total) we found a decrease in the breeding values of kg fat in inbred cows of -1.48; 0.17; -8.26 and -0.51 kg. In the case of protein content the depressed production in inbred cows was: -0.58; -0.48; -3.21 and -0.94 kg. These differences were significant (p ≤ 0.01) in the group with the highest Fx value (Fx = 4.0-12.5%). The inbred animals showed higher variability within the range of observed corrected breeding values (Yijklmno) for kg of fat and protein.
The results also show that increasing the level of parents (as RBV) caused a very significant increase in production both in inbred and outbred daughters but greater increase in fat and protein was evident in the non-inbred cows.

Keywords: inbreeding depression, kg of milkprotein, kg of milkfat, Holstein cows
Grants and funding:

This study was supported by research projects MSM 2678846201 and 2B08037.

Received: May 27, 2009; Published: October 10, 2014  Show citation

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Bezdíček, J., Šubrt, J., Filipčík, R., & Říha, J. (2009). Evaluation of milkfat and milkprotein production in inbred and outbred Holstein cows. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 57(5), 19-26. doi: 10.11118/actaun200957050019
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