Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(1), 71-80 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755010071

Vliv stupňovaných dávek selenu v půdě na výnosotvorné prvky a obsah selenu u brambor

Miroslav Jůzl1, Jaroslav Hlušek2, Petr Elzner1, Tomáš Lošák2
1 Ústav pěstování, šlechtění rostlin a rostlinolékařství, Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Česká republika
2 Ústav agrochemie, půdoznalství, mikrobiologie a výživy rostlin, Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Česká republika

Ve dvou pokusných letech 2004-2005 byl u dvou odrůd brambor s rozdílnou délkou vegetační doby sledován vliv stupňovaných dávek selenu v půdě (0, 12, 24, 48 a 72 kg Se.ha-1) na výnosotvorné prvky (celková hmotnost rostliny, počet stonků na trs, počet hlíz na trs a hektarový výnos). Dále byl sledován obsah selenu, jako významného antioxidantu, v hlízách a nati brambor. Selen byl aplikován v příslušných dávkách do půdy před výsadbou brambor ve formě seleničitanu sodného. Odběry vzorků pro růstové a chemické analýzy byly provedeny po 90 (odrůda Karin), resp. 99 dnech vegetace (odrůda Ditta). Stupňované dávky selenu měly negativní vliv na většinu sledovaných výnosotvorných prvků. Se stoupající dávkou Se klesal jak hektarový výnos, tak počet hlíz pod trsem i celková hmotnost rostliny. Chemické analýzy provedené metodou AAS ukázaly, že koncentrace selenu v jednotlivých částech bramborové rostliny roste se vzrůstající dávkou tohoto prvku do půdy. Obsah selenu v hlízách se u varianty Se72 (4.13 mg Se.kg-1 sušiny) zvýšil ve srovnání s kontrolou (0.22 mg Se.kg-1 sušiny) až dvacetkrát.

brambory, výnosotvorné prvky, půdní aplikace selenu, obsah selenu

The effect of graded doses of selenium in the soil on yield-forming parameters and Se content in potatoes

In 2004 and 2005 we explored the effect of graded doses of selenium in the soil (0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 kg Se.ha-1) on yield-forming parameters (total plant weight, number of stems per hill, number of tubers per hill and hectare yields) in two varieties of potatoes of different vegetation periods. The content of selenium as an important anti-oxidant was monitored in potato tubers and tops. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite was applied in the respective doses into the soil before planting the potatoes. Samples for growth and chemical analyses were taken after 90 and 99 days of vegetation (variety Karin and Ditta, respectively). Increasing doses of selenium had a negative effect on most of the yield-forming parameters. With an increasing dose of Se the hectare yields as well as the number of tubers in the hill and total weight of the plant decreased. Chemical analyses were performed using the AAS method and showed that the concentration of selenium in the individual parts of the potato plant increased with increasing Se doses in the soil. The content of selenium in tubers of the variant Se72 (4.13 mg Se.kg-1 of dry matter) increased as much as 20 times when compared to the control (0.22 mg Se.kg-1 of dry matter).

Keywords: potatoes, yield-forming parameters, soil application of selenium, content of selenium
Grants and funding:

The present study is a part of the project of NAZV No.1G46058 called "Strengthening the competitive ability of potato producers growing tubers of higher consumer quality". This study was supported by the Research plan No. MSM6215648905 "Biological and technological aspects of sustainability of controlled ecosystems and their adaptability to climate change", which is financed by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic.

Received: December 7, 2006; Published: November 30, 2014  Show citation

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Jůzl, M., Hlušek, J., Elzner, P., & Lošák, T. (2007). The effect of graded doses of selenium in the soil on yield-forming parameters and Se content in potatoes. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 55(1), 71-80. doi: 10.11118/actaun200755010071
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