Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2005, 53(5), 117-124 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200553050117

První zkušenosti se vzájemnými interakcemi podnož révy vinné x mšička révokaz

Pavel Pavloušek
Ústav vinohradnictví a vinařství, Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Valtická 337, 691 44 Lednice, Česká republika

Mšička révokaz (Dactulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) je jedním z nejvíce škodlivých škůdců u révy vinné (Vitis vinifera L.). Mšička révokaz způsobila velmi významné změny v evropském vinohradnictví. To také vedlo k použití nové biotechnologie - podnoží pro odrůdy révy vinné. Přímé poškození révokaze se projevuje na kořenech a listech. Podnože, které jsou vyšlechtěny výhradně z amerických Vitis spp., dovolují slabé nebo žádné poškození kořenů révokazem, na rozdíl od Vitis vinifera. Podnože byly hodnoceny v laboratorních podmínkách a v nádobovém pokusu. Odolnost proti révokazu na kořenech a listech byla hodnocena. Vynikající odolnost byla zjištěna u podnože Börner. Dobrá odolnost byla potom zjištěna u většiny sledovaných podnoží. Velmi dobrou odolnost mají podnože SO4 PO 0/7 a Craciunel 2 PO 0/6. Je zajímavé, že kříženec K1 × SO4 má také poměrně vysokou odolnost. Tento perspektivní franko-amerikán vyžaduje další zkoušení díky jeho dobrým pěstitelským vlastnostem. Po dlouhé době tento výzkum poskytuje nové výsledky o vzájemném působení podnože a révokaze v podmínkách jižní Moravy. Výsledky slouží jako základ pro další šlechtění na odolnost k révokazu v České republice.

réva vinná, podnož, mšička révokaz, napadení, nodosity, listové hálky, rezistence

First experiences with grape rootstocks x phylloxera interactions

Grape phylloxera, Dactulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch., is one of most destructive insect pest of cultivated grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) worldwide. Phylloxera was the cause of incomparable structural changes in European viticulture. It also led to the usage of new biotechnology - rootstocks for grape varieties. The direct damage is related to phylloxera feeding of roots and leaves. Rootstocks bred solely with American Vitis spp. parentage allow little or none of phylloxera related root damage that is seen on Vitis vinifera. Rootstocks with partial Vitis vinifera parentage may also confer a high level of grape phylloxera resistance, but this resistance is not durable. Rootstock was evaluated under laboratory conditions and with pot trials. Resistance against phylloxera at roots and leaves was evaluated. Highest resistance degree was proved for variety Börner. Good resistance was found for most of tested rootstock varieties. Very good resistance have SO4 PO 0/7 and Craciunel 2 PO 0/6. It is interesting, that hybrid Kl×SO4 has also relatively good resistance. This promising franco-american needs further examination thanks to its good growing properties. After long time, this research offers new results about rootstock and phylloxera interactions under conditions of Southern Moravia. Results serve as a ground for further resistance breeding against phylloxera in Czech Republic.

Keywords: Vitis vinifera, rootstock, grape phylloxera, damage, nodosity, leaf gall, resistance
Grants and funding:

Our sincere thank for support belong to Czech Republic Ministry of Agriculture. This publication arose as a part of research project QF 4141: Grape rootstock breeding with use of grape genetic resources and modern testing methods.

Received: June 30, 2005; Published: December 22, 2014  Show citation

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Pavloušek, P. (2005). First experiences with grape rootstocks x phylloxera interactions. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 53(5), 117-124. doi: 10.11118/actaun200553050117
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