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The paper analyses market trends of the building societies in the Czech Republic in years 1995-2003. The main aim of the contribution is to verify the following thesis:
1. In previous development, it comes to the permanently increasing growth in the market of deposits and loans of building saving.
2. Concentration in the market of building saving decreases.
Analyses is made on two partial markets : deposit market and market of building saving loans. Growth rate index was chosen for the evaluation of the growth of both submarkets. Herfindahl-Hirchman index was chosen for evaluation of concentration trends. Analyses of the building saving market using the stated methodical approaches enables to enunciate the findings for the appointed hypothesis.
Both submarkets do not show permanent increasing of growth rate in the period 1995-2003. The growth rates of both markets are declining in the first part of the period, the growth rates are increasing in the second part of the period. The concentration level of both markets is decreasing in years 1998-2003. This trend in the building societies market was influenced namely by general trend of market rate of interest in this period, by increasing exploitation of the real estate credit as a form of housing financing and by more activ credit policy used by minority building societies.
The concentration development in the market of deposits and loans of building saving is not identical with the development of concentration in the market of deposits and loans in the whole bank sector. It may be deduced, that the development in the whole bank sector has been affected by the factors that have not operated in the market of building saving - decrease of banks in the bank sector of Czech Republic and educing of the part of redressed bank assets out of Czech Republic bank sector.

The article describes alternative methods of fuel consumption measurement based on model with using the diagnostic outputs of engine control unit. On-board diagnosis (the second level, known as OBD-2) has been mandated by government regulation because of advanced damage control systems in newer cars. However, its signals can be used for accurate analyses of power or torque measurement. On-board diagnostics offers many various parameters such a spark advance, intake air temperature, coolant temperature, throttle position, air flow mass and so on. Many of them have been unavailable without using sophisticated and expensive instrumentation. In the article are described two ways of fuel consumption measuring which are based on intake air consumption and knowledge about air-fuel ratio. First of them is founded on voltage output of oxygen sensor, the second on short (long) term fuel trim. As is shown at the end the second way gives more accurately results.

As far as the current state of the information and communication technologies usage is concerned, the information systems of the companies cover the major part of the transaction processes and the large amount of the processes at the level of the tactical decision-making.
Intensive implementation of the information technologies in many areas of the human activities cause gathering of the large amount of the data. The volume of the internal and external databases grows rapidly and the problem is to take advantage of the data they contain. But the problem is not only the growing volume of the databases but also the different and database structures. To get the new information from the large and incompatible database sources is possible but very inefficient. A manager often needs the information very fast to achieve competitive advantage and to solve problems at the level of strategic decision-making.
Another problem is the fact that the databases often contain information that is hidden there and there is no way known how to get this information out of the database. In this case, the user needs at least suitable tools in order to perform experiments and to explore and identify patterns and relationships in the data.
The transformation process of the data to information and to knowledge that is used in the process of decision-making is called Business Intelligence. Modern database tools offer wide support for building the data warehouse, OLAP analysis and data mining.
Our contribution focuses on the application of one of the data mining techniques such as neural networks and artificial intelligence. The application of those methods will be based on the assessment of the food quality and composing of the corresponding trend indicator.

Business subjects in any national economy perform activities results of which are products, services or goods directly distributed to the market network. Volume of products differs according to the level of operational facilities, number of producers and the level of their facilities. Based on the development of information technology, there arise new specialization fields and new ranges of goods. Classification criteria are developed to qualify level of production and for enlistment of a firm to a particular branch. Currently the criteria of production classification are being developed. The understanding of these principles is particularly important on the bachelor level of the specialization Trade Management, where students are getting acquainted with the characteristics of goods, creative and degradation influences on utility, etc. Students are encouraged to understand how the quality and criteria mentioned above influence market prices. Teaching emphasis is put on the complexity of food assortment and the knowledge of Czech and EU legalislation relating to hygienic aspects and health quality of production, processing, and selling of food products. This complex procedure enables to obtain an overall survey of the origin of particular products, their catering, and sales. This means that the students obtain an idea about the complexity of relations existing among the origin of products, their sales and their consumption.

Agriculture is not any more viewed only as an industry ensuring nutrition of population, but also its non-production benefit has growing importance. This holds especially for the areas with extensive agriculture, where main product of agriculture is landscape preservation and restoration, and other environmental and social benefits, and where agricultural production is neither main objective nor source of income of agricultural producers. Especially in Europe, where agriculture historically played an important role in landscape formation and determined the development of social structures in rural regions, becomes this non-production function of agriculture more and more important. For a possibility to assess multifunctionality of agriculture is necessary to analyse both production relationships between commodity and non-commodity outputs, and also externalities and public goods connected with this production. First part of the paper is devoted to methodological issues in connection with evaluation of multifunctionality of agriculture, with emphasis on theoretical framework of externalities evaluation. In the following part is presented methodological approach for externalities internalisation at the regional level, coming from supply side.

Reserve, slow-release fertilizers (SRF) enable to simplify the whole system of plant nutrition and fertilisation. Tabletted fertilizers of the Silvamix series represent a prospective product of Czech provenience. At our university, these fertilizers have been tested and used since the year 1991. Ornamental woody species grown in containers were investigated in two stages. Experiments with ornamental plants were established using one-year-old cuttings and seedlings of the following deciduous and evergreen woody species: Cotoneaster dammeri Skogholm, Berberis thunbergii, Potentilla fruticosa Snowflake, Ligustrum vulgare Atrovirens and Picea omorika. After planting into containers, fertilizers in the dose of 1 tablet (i.e. 10 g) per litre of substrate were applied either to roots level or on the soil surface in the container. Silvamix in the dose of 5 g.l^-1 was used as the tested fertilizer in the second stage. It was applied during the planting in the form of tablets and/or a powder. Control plants were fertilized in the course of growing season using a common agricultural fertilizer Cererit Z. The annual plants increments were measured. These experiments demonstrated a long-term optimum effect of this product on woody species and an equal quality and efficiency of its tabletted and powdered forms.

Two methods for estimating daily global solar radiation (R_G) based on the daily temperature extremes and precipitation sum are compared in the study. All parameters necessary for application of both methods were derived either from literature or from climatic characteristics easily available at the given meteorological stations excluding need for measured R_G data. The performance of both methods was assessed with a help of meteorological database including 4 stations in the Czech Republic (data were provided by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute) and 6 in Austria (data provided by the Austrian Weather Service) containing in total 41 640 observational day. For each day in the database observed daily sum of R_G, daily maximum and minimum temperatures and precipitation sum were available. Coefficient of determination, slope of regression line forced through origin, mean bias error (MBE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used as performance indicators. The first method proposed by Winslow et al. (2001) - Eq. (1) is capable to explain 86% of daily R_G variability, with systematic error represented by MBE equaling to 0.19 MJ.m^-2.day^-1 and random error indicated by RMSE reaching up to 3.09. The second method published by Thornton and Running (1999)-Eq. (2) was found to be in almost all parameters inferior to the Eq. (1) and thus the Eq. (1) is recommended to be used in the Central European region (up to 600 m above the sea level). This method might be recommended for stations where neither measured R_G or sunshine duration hours exist. However, one should take into consideration that relative MBE and RMSE are in some months higher than 10% and 30% respectively, which may compromise results of subsequent calculations made with use of estimated solar radiation data and alter the order of the method suitability.

The performance of 10671 horses in 10911 sport competitions was used to estimate the breeding value of the population of the Czech warm-blooded horses using the Best Linear Unibased Prediction method. The sport performance was estimated on the basis of the number of bad points (penalties) in jumping competitions. We analysed 252781 sporting results in the period 1991 - 2002. The estimations encompassed the fixed effects of sex, age, level of the competition and random effects of the breeder, rider, competition and the permanent environment. We compared the original and innovated calculations of the estimate of the breeding value of sport horses in the Czech Republic. We then compiled a list of estimated breeding values for stallions having 30 or more offspring and we compared the estimated breeding values with the results of the official system of progeny testing for performance in the Czech Republic.

The aim of the study was to evaluate a content of intramuscular fat in musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis (MLLT) of tested carcass pig hybrids (two combinations of multi-breed commercial hybridization) - (CLW x L) x (D x H) (n = 50) and (BU x L) x D (n = 43).
Determined values of a content of intramuscular fat of each combination were noted according to sex and according to group of sort in SEUROP system (% of lean meat). High conclusive difference (P≤0.01) was found in measured values of IMT between combinations (CLW x L) x (D x H) (3.39%) and (CLW x L) x D (2.69%). Small difference was determined between sex in both combinations - gilts showed higher values of IMT content contrary to hogs.
The highest measured value of IMT content (3.29%) was reached in combination (CLW x L) x (D x H) in class E, the lowest average value (2.48%) was reached in class S. In class U (R) was determined a content of IMT on a level of 2.56% (3.08%).
The highest measured value of IMT content (3.10%) was reached in combination (CLW x L) x D in class S, the lowest average value (2.58%) was reached in class E. In class U (R) was determined a content of IMT on a level of 2.83% (2.67%).
Statistical conclusive (P≤0.05) low negative correlation (r = -0.2107) was determined between % IMT and a lean meat percentage. Low negative correlation (r = -0.1359) was determined between % IMT and muscle depth.
Low positive correlation (r = 0.1658) was determined between % IMT and back fat thickness.

Groups of 20 to 23 dairy Czech Pied cows were observed monthly for the period of 12 months (12 test days). The cows in experimental groups were in their early lactation. The mean number of lactation was 2,8, the cows were on average 54.8 days after calving and the mean glucose concentration in blood plasma was 3.93 mmol/l. During the first 100 days of lactation milk yield amounted to 2581 kg with 3.91% fat, 3.48% protein and 4.85% lactose.
The coefficients of the correlation between blood plasma glucose and the observed milk production parameters calculated independently for each test day ranged as follows: -0.597 to 0.130 for number of lactation, -0.389 to 0.585 for days after calving, -0.462 to 0.361 for milk yield, -0.201 to 0.526 for milk fat content, -0.385 to 0.632 for milk protein content and -0.600 to 0.469 for milk lactose content. The calculated coefficients of the correlation between blood plasma glucose and milk production parameters did not reveal a clear tendency in the relationships. However, the graphic polynomial expression showed that glucose level had a positive relationship with days after calving and mainly positive relationship with milk protein content; glucose content had a negative relationship with milk yield and number of lactation and a mainly negative relationship with fat content and lactose content.

In study are results of bulls and oxen ethology monitoring (witch were 24 h) in 2002-2003. Basic manifestations were monitoring: standing, laying, feeding and moving. Strong difference was shown in social activity of groups in winter period (when were cattle in stable) - 18 contacts per a day for bulls vs. 7 contacts per a day for oxen. There were not marked different in social activity between bulls and oxen in summer monitoring (when were cattle on pasture). Other life manifests were comparable in both groups.
In dependence of lower frequency of oxen social activity (in time when cattle are in limited place in stable) are oxen more tolerant to breeding technology. There is less number of aggressive behaviour in oxen also.

The article deals with the analysis of the shape of the Engel's curve in the field of the expenditures for meat and meat products. Within the analysis, the paper is especially focused on the initial growth phase of the Engel's curve. The CSO data of the average Czech household was used for the research. For the elimination of the price impacts in this income-expenditure analysis, the original CSO data on nominal level were transformed into the real level. The studied real shares were determined with respect to the total food expenditures and also with respect to the total households' incomes. The linear and the quadratic forms of the dynamic Engels' models were developed for the aims of the research. Besides the trend development, the periodical component was investigated. Regression analysis was fully confirmed the validity of the Engel's law in the field of the Czech-household expenditures for meat and meat products. Furthermore, the quadratic model form showed the existence of the initial growth phase of the examined Engel's curve. In case of the real share with respect to the total food expenditures by the model:
rw1_t^* = (-1,0176E - 08) . (rm_t^*)² + (2,8498E - 04) . rm_t^* + [(-1,7011E + 00) + (1,3970E - 03) . t],
the size of the real household income is 14 003 CZK. For the second analysed share of the real expenditures with respect to the total households' incomes, the real level of the income by the developed model:
rw2_t^* = (-2,8844E - 09) . (rm_t^*)² + (7,8205E - 05) . rm_t^* + [(-4,6323E + 01) + (3,1095E - 04) . t]
the value was 13 557 CZK.

The aim of the work was to elaborate and evaluate the water quality of water reservoir Vranov nad Dyjí. Fresh water was sampled in five different locations of the reservoir (three important tributaries, dam and water captation locality). Ten, the most essential water quality indicators were selected. From the point of view of water quality indicators complexity the most integrated samples were taken in the water captation locality (period 1984 - 2002). At other locations, there were missing dates from the eightieth, but their volume was sufficient for statistical processing.
Correlation analyses for the individual locations and dimensions were done as so as determination coefficients for all localities during the time period of 1994 - 2002. The results demonstrate very good allocation of the water captation from the point of view of the water flow.
Multiples and factor analysis was done for the period of 1984 - 2002 in the locality Jelení zátoka where the object of water captation is situated. The results of the analysis are nine factors, which influence the water quality of the reservoir. From the point of view of the importance three factors were interpreted.
The analyses and results are part of my Ph.D. thesis. The results will be used for other evaluations of the water quality in the reservoir and tributaries, for activities in the catchment's area and for proposal processing other zones of second level of protected areas.

This contribution presents results obtained by means of a time series analysis of import, export, turnover, balance of trade, coverage indicator of export with import, according to SITC classes (3^rd Rev.) in the Czech Republic for time interval 1993-2001. Along with description of dynamics of examined effects and their trends there following parameters were also classified: mean level, variability and percentage share of particular classification classes of foreign trade indicators.