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A two year-experiment was carried out to study the effect of root inoculation with two biopreparations, Vambac^® (VA-mycorrhiza genus Glomus, Gigaspora and the rhizospheric bacteria Agrobacterium radiobacter) and Amalgerol^® (composed of vegetative and sea-algae oils and extracts) on leaf mineral concentration, vegetative and generative behaviour in two year old apple trees cv. 'Jonagold'/M.9. Trees were grown in 10 l plastic pots in unsterilized sandy clay soil (Fluvisols) under climatic conditions of South Moravia (49°,25' N; 16°,55' E), Czech Republic. Leaves were sampled eight times during the experiment (four times per year) for analysis of: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn. Mycorrhizal infection was determined with the gridline-intersection method. Inoculated plants showed higher VA root infection during both years (best results were 46% on the first year and 41.7% on the second year) and higher leaf P concentrations, in particular when biopreparations were applied together (P = 0.23% DW), than non inoculated (4% of root infection during year one and 15% during year two; P = 0.183% DW). N, K, Ca and Mg were not significantly affected by treatments. In many cases application of biopreparations decreased Fe, Mn and Zn leaf levels. Shoot length was strongly enhanced in inoculated plants only during the first year (46% more than non inoculated). No significant differences were detected between inoculated and non inoculated plants for: trunk diameter, spur number, root volume, leaf dry weight, number of blossoms and yield. It is concluded that the studied biopreparations have the capacity to colonize and persist in the roots of apple trees (VA-mycorrhizal fungus), enhance the uptake of phosphorus and vegetative growth but they could decreased the uptake of Fe, Mn and Zn.

During the vegetative period of the year 2005 (June-October) we carried out hydrobiological and hydrochemical monitoring of selected ponds inhered in Southern Moravia in relation to different fishery management intensities. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, pH, conductivity and water transparency were monitored directly at taking place, N-NH₄⁺, N-NO₂^-, N-NO₃^-, P-PO₄^3- content and chlorophyll-a concentration were measured in hydrochemical laboratory. At the same time, water samples for taxonomical analyses of phytoplankton and assessment of toxin content of cyanobacteria were taken. All ponds were characterized by low water transparency, high values of pH, N-NH₄⁺, P-PO₄^3- and high chlorophyll a concentration. We detected maximum concentration of 18.7 µg.l^-1 microcystins in ponds dominated by the species Microcystis aeruginosa. Total microcystin concentration in water of all ponds with dominance of pikoplanktonic cyanobacteria were below detection limit (LOD < 0.125 µg.l^-1). The dominance of cyanobacteria species shifts from coccal (especially genus Microcystis) to small-colonial pikoplanctonic (genus Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece) and to single-filamentous (genus Planktothrix, Limnothrix, Pseudanabaena) cyanobacteria related to increasing fish stock density.

The goal of this paper is to investigate the effect of the end distance of cam lock fasteners on the bending moment resistance of knock-down corner joints. The preliminary study of knock-down furniture assembly plans was done in order to discover the manufacturers' fastener typical usage in case construction. Laminated particleboard, cam fasteners and wooden dowels were used for specimen construction. L-shaped joint specimens 760 mm in length were tested by pressing the joint members together - also called a compression test in the angle plane. The study results showed that cam fasteners with end distance of 60 mm from the member edges perform the best.

Bog pine (Pinus uncinata DC. subsp. uliginosa (Neumann) Businský) is a subendemic species and appears to be one of the most endangered tree species of the Czech Republic. Its rare populations are at the present time greatly endangered namely by spontaneous hybridization with the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Regarding the fact that its protection is insufficient even in national nature reserves (NNR) and the classical propagation by cuttings is problematic, modern methods were adopted for a long-term preservation of the taxon. Growth regulation conditions were investigated for the induction of organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Mature seeds were obtained from selected trees in the Žofinka NNR and from a locality near the village of Krajková in the Sokolov district. Cotyledon and hypocotyl segments from seedlings pregerminated in sterile conditions were used to induce the organogenesis. Bud proliferation was observed on the cotyledons after 4 weeks. The largest amount of buds was found on the medium with 1.5 mg.l^-1 benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg.l^-1 1-naphtylacetic acid (NAA) after 12 weeks. The hypocotyl segments showed only the formation of green callus. Isolated mature zygotic embryos were used for the induction of somatic embryogenesis. Development of mucilaginous callus was recorded after 3 weeks of cultivation on media with different combinations of BA, NAA and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) concentrations. When the callus induced on the medium with the combination of 0.56 (1.13) mg.l^-1 BA and 1.86 mg.l^-1 NAA was transferred on the medium with lower BA (0.113 mg.l^-1) and 2,4-D (0.44 mg.l^-1) concentrations, the first somatic embryos started to emerge after a period of other two weeks.

Over the period of July to September 2005 effects of insecticide Integro with the effective substance methoxifenozide and biological preparation Trichoplus using parasitoid wasps Trichogramma evanescens and T. pintoi were evaluated in maize stands. These natural enemies of aphids were recorded in monitored fields (located in South Moravia, Czech Republic): parasitoids of genera Aphidius and Praon (Hymenopetra, Aphidiidae), predatory syrphid flies (Diptera, Syrphidae), ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), Orius bugs (Heteroptera, Anthocoridae), Green Lacewing - Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) and spiders (Araneida). No significant difference (T = 0.003; F = 4.894; P = 0.004) in populations of aphids and their antagonists was found in the studied variants (Integro, Trichoplus). More remarkable differences were found only soon after spraying with Integro. Syrphid flies pupae decreased by 41% in the Integro variant, and by 13% in the Trichoplus variant. Ladybird larvae did not occur in the Integro variant after spraying, there where 0.12 ladybird larvae on plant in the Trichoplus variant. Number of ladybird adults increased from 0.01 to 0.53 individuals per plant in the Trichoplus variant, but from 0.03 to 0.1 individuals in the Integro variant. Number of ladybird pupae decreased from 0.32 to 0.02 pupae per plant in the Integro variant, but it has increased from 0.04 to 0.54 in the Trichoplus variant. Correlative relationship between ladybird adult growing coefficient and aphid populations in the Trichoplus variant was found.

Publicly traded companies prepare their consolidated accounts in conformity with the international accounting standards (IAS/IFRS) in accordance with the Regulation No. 1606/2002. This is obliged for all publicly traded joint-stock companies in the Czech Republic. Other companies prepare financial statements in accordance with national accounting standards. There are Accounting Act No. 563/1991 of Coll. and Regulation No. 500/2002 of Coll., Czech Accounting Standards in the Czech Republic. Both systems are based on different principles so there are many differences. The Czech Accounting System (CAS) is based on the rules while IAS/IFRS are based on principles (Kovanicová, 2005). These differences are mainly caused by the different philosophy. CAS prefers the fiscal policy to the economic substance while IAS/IFRS prefere the economic substance. One of the most significant differences is in the field of revenue recording. There are two standards concerning the revenues recording (IAS 18 - Revenue, IAS 11 - Construction Contracts) in IAS/IFRS. CAS 019 - Expenses and Revenue are dealing with the revenue recording in the Czech Republic.
The paper is aimed at the comparison of the methodical approaches for revenue recording used by IAS/IFRS and by CAS. The most important differences are caused by the different approach to the long term contracts (construction contracts, software development contracts) revenues recording.

In this work were summarized changes of biochemical markers of fish under the thumb of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins). Among the most studied biomarkers of the influence of cyanobacterial toxins on fish belong oxidative stress parameters - glutathione S-transferase (GST), non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), lipid peroxidation (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutatione reductase (GR), parameters of blood - values of haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte counts (WBC) and plasma - alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholinesterase (CHE), total serum protein (TP), glucose (GLU), lactate (LACT), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total bilirubin (BIL), phosphorus (P) and protein phosphatase activities (PP1, PP2A).

In the April of 2007, pseudomyiasis was detected in alimentary tract of two years old boy from South Moravia (Czech Republic). Contamination was caused by larvae of family Calliphoridae (Diptera), accidentally consummated with half-rotten fruits from bio compost. It is the first recent documented case of pseudomyiasis, and is closely connected with bio waste and ecological waste disposal. Usage of organic waste composting is increasing all around the world, motivated by demand for maximum recycling. While workrooms of bigger compost facilities are usually separated from public, waste containers in front of the houses or small composts in the gardens serving one family are freely accessible to public. These bio composts and waste containers attract many species of insects, especially from order Diptera. so for inhabitants of neighbouring houses this can represent certain health risk. In the location of findings, Dipteras were caught and their species spectrum was evaluated considering their ability to cause myiases or pseudomyiases.

The effect of Difert (a pig manure fermented by caddices of domestic flies produced on sawdust litter) on broccoli yield parameters and selected soil parameters were investigated on gleic fluvisol in a small-plot field trial localized at area of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (48°18' N, 18°05' E).
The results showed that Difert applied in doses of 250 kg N.ha^-1 and 350 kg N.ha^-1 acted positively on the yields of fresh primary broccoli roses. However, the results are not statistically significant. Also a positive effect on N, P, K, Ca, Mg contents in broccoli roses was recorded. Difert has a moderate alkalizing effect on soil and increases the content of C_ox in the soil. Moreover Difert insignificantly decreased the content of vitamin C and significantly increased the content of nitrates in broccoli roses, but the worst qualitative effect on broccoli parameters was detected by applying mineral N fertilizers, which significantly increased the content of nitrates in broccoli roses and insignificantly decreased the vitamin C content. However, it resulted in the highest broccoli yields. The application of mineral N fertilizers had a negative effect on the total content of carbon in the soil as well.
The effect of Difert on broccoli yield and soil parameters refers to the feasibility of reducing the maturing period of the manure from 6 months to 1 week, in order to decrease the manure storage capacities.

Aim of the study focused on evaluation of SUBSTOR - Potato model and its utilization in potato grows management in the Czech Republic. The experimental field used for the model evaluation was located in Žabčice - South Moravia region with altitudes of 179 meters above the sea level. Tuber yield served as reference for the model evaluation. Nine years experimental data set (1994-2002) was used for the model validation. Rosara cultivar represented very early growing potato, Karin cultivar depicted early growing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the experiment. Comparison between observed and simulated tuber yields presented the evaluation process of SUBSTOR - Potato model. Tuber yields simulated by the model showed excellent accuracy (R² = 0.97) for Rosara cultivar, but only for four of tested years (1997, 1998, 1999 and 2002). Karin cultivar matched lower value (R² = 0.43). The model tended to underestimate the tuber yield for non seasonable conditions (i.e. dry years - low amount of precipitation and its disordered distribution during the growing season or higher mean air temperature) and showed the sensitivity to selected cultivars. Study proved SUBSTOR - Potato model as suitable for utilization in potato management; however, potential differences might be expected while using the model under extreme weather conditions.

The aim of this study was to verify an effect of RNA storage in different laboratory conditions. Especially, this work was focused on the importance of using diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) treated water for storage of isolated RNA. The effect of storage of RNA samples in different temperatures was monitored according to various times as well. Isolated RNA was incubated at 20 °C, 4 °C, -20 °C and -80 °C, whereas the temperature -80 °C was used as a control. After incubation only mRNA was converted to cDNA by reverse transcription. The polymerase chain reaction in real time (real-time PCR) was used for a measurement of RNA degradation. No statistically significant interactions were found between RNA treatment conditions if analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was applied. The result showed that storage of isolated RNA in water treated with DEPC is not necessary. This approach prevents possible inhibition downstream reaction caused by DEPC. The results of this study can be used in all molecular applications based on RNA.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of temperament of Holstein cows scored before and during milking during the entire lactation and to calculate correlation between temperament measured in the two moments as well as milk production traits and temperament. Observations were carried out on 17 primiparous Holstein Friesian cows starting their lactation within 85 days. Measurements of temperament and milk production traits were taken once in each month of the lactation, during the morning milking, in a milking parlour. Temperament was assessed in a 5-point scale during udder preparation and milking procedure (1: very nervous, 5: very quiet). Data of milk yield and milk flow were collected individually on each test day morning. Results showed changes during the lactation in temperament of cows scored directly before milking (P < 0.01), however, temperament during milking did not alter with months (P > 0.10). By correlation coefficients, behaviour assessed in the two moments cannot be regarded as the same. In addition loose, significant relations were found only between milk traits and temperament before milking.

The changes of vaginal and vestibular impedance during the oestrous cycle in goats were examined. The onset of oestrus was teased with a buck once a day during the experiment. Impedance was measured by a four-terminal method. The vaginal impedance was recorded under slight pressure of electrodes to the vaginal dorsal wall at the cervix. The vestibular impedance was recorded under slight pressure of electrodes to the vestibular dorsal wall 5 cm from the vulva and at the vulva. The impedance was measured once a day from 4 days before the expected oestrus to 6 days after onset of oestrus. The vaginal impedance at the cervix decreased during pro-oestrus (P < 0.01) and increased during oestrus (P < 0.01). The vestibular impedance 5 cm from the vulva decreased during pro-oestrus (P < 0.01) and increased after oestrus (P < 0.01). The decrease of vaginal impedance during peri-oestrus was nearly twofold in comparison with the vestibular impedance 5 cm from the vulva. No significant decrease of the vestibular impedance at the vulva was found during the oestrous cycle. The results indicate that the vaginal impedance at the cervix and vestibular impedance 5 cm from the vulva measured by means of a four-terminal method during the oestrous cycle display cyclic changes that are closely related to the oestrous behaviour of goats.

The inhabitants of separate CR regions show varying demographic behaviour that presents itself in the demographic measures' values. The paper offers a comparison of the development of selected measures of size and movement of the population in the regions of CR in 1993 and 2006 years. Attention is paid to the changes in measures of economic and biological structure, life expectancy and some of the measures of human reproduction, patterns of growth and migration. Multivariate analysis methods have been employed for the solution. Selection of variables has been carried out in each year using factor analysis and similarity of the regions has been described by the hierarchic agglomerative clustering method. During the thirteen years, changes occurred in demographic behaviour of the regions. Currently the Capital Prague and the Středočeský Region differ significantly. All the regions remaining have been stabilized as concerns the demographic measures and they show homogeneity.

Providing employee benefits is a form of rewarding employees just for the fact that they are employees of the organization. The aim of paper was to find out, whether there exists a relation between the gender of respondents and their answers. It came from certain premises of research results, which were fulfilled. It was found that not providing employee benefits is not a reason for termination of the employment and search for a new job (86 % respondents). Employees (more than 80 %) prefer the possibility to choose between employee benefits, and employers should react to this information through defining rules of choice between the possible benefits. So far, employees of these firms cannot choose employee benefits they would want. Answers (more than 60 %) of employees related to whether they prefer wage increasing or expansion of employee benefits proved the premise and previous studies of the author, where a high preference of wage increase to offers of employee benefits was found. As confirmed by the research, answers of respondents are not dependent on gender of respondents.

Soil organic matter (SOM) undergoes short and long-term transformation in the soil. Microorganisms through their enzymes are able to mineralize organic carbon while the rate of this process is different. Biological test though referred to one of the main diagnostic methods for evaluating soil quality/health. The aim of our work was to determine basal respiration, total carbon content, fractional composition of humus and basic parameters of soil colloidal complex in selected subtypes of chernozem in South Moravia region. Basal respiration was measured using Vaisala GMT220 apparatus. Total carbon content was determined by oxidimetric titration and basic parameters of soil colloidal according to Mehlich. Results showed that production of carbon dioxide varied from 0.09 to 0.27 mg CO₂/100g/h. Linear correlation between basal respiration and humification degree was found. Humus content varied from 2.15% to 4.6%. No correlation between quantity of humus and basal respiration was observed. Higher values of basal respiration were connected with higher quality of HS. Significant linear correlation between total carbon content (TOC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) was found.

The paper introduces the review of the present state of art in the measurement of the interaction of electromagnetic waves with different kinds of materials. It is analysis of the possibilities of the measurement of the interaction of high frequencies waves (microwaves) with materials and proposal of the experimental method for the studies mentioned above.
The electromagnetic field consists of two components: electric and magnetic field. The influence of these components on materials is different. The influence of the magnetic field is negligible and it has no impact on practical use. The influence of the electric field is strong as the interaction between them results in the creation of electric currents in the material (Křivánek and Buchar, 1993).
Experiments focused on the evaluation of the complex dielectric permitivity of different materials have been performed. The permitivity of solid material is also measurable by phasemethod, when the specimen is a part of transmission sub-circuit. Microwave instrument for complex permittivity measurement works in X frequency band (8.2-12.5) GHz, the frequency 10.1 GHz was used for all the measurement in the laboratory of physics, Mendel University in Brno. The extensive number of experimental data have been obtained for different materials. The length of the square side of the aerial open end was 50 mm and internal dimensions of waveguides were 23 mm × 10 mm. The samples have form of the plate shape with dimensions 150 mm × 150 mm × 4 mm.

Non-significant differences were established when the nutritional and technological beef quality of Czech Fleckvieh and Montbeliard and their reaction to the end of feeding at the different age and different carcass growth intensity were studied.
Bulls were fattened until average weight of 656 kg. Montbeliard beef quality evaluation shown non-significant difference of higher intramuscular fat proportions and energy value compared to Czech Fleckvieh. Technological quality evaluation only indicated the tendency to lighter meat, lower water retention and lower level of hydroxyproline. Slaughter age rising in both breeds (the boundary vas 570 days) resulted in non-significant increasing of intramuscular fat together with significant (P < 0.05) increasing of muscle pigmentation content and non-significant shortening and water retention reduction.
Longer fattened bulls at both breeds shown non-significant m.l.th. area reduction at higher difference at Montbeliard. Net gain level as a carcass growth intensity, showed non-significant intramuscular fat production. Higher level of net daily gain produces, particularly at Montbeliards, lead to increasing of hydroxyproline. Higher growth intensity of Czech Fleckvieh influenced pigmentation content increase. Higher growth intensity in both breeds leads to enlarging the m.l.th.

A two year-experiment was carried out to study an effect of root inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus on soil mineral concentrations and soil microbial activity in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cv. "Cabernet Sauvignon" cultivated in Chile. Plants were inoculated with a commercial granular inoculant (Mycosym Tri-ton^®) and cultivated in 20 L plastic pots filled with an unsterilized sandy clay soil from the Vertisols class under climatic conditions of Curicó (34°58' S; 71°14' W; 228 m ASL), Chile.
Soil analyses were carried out at the beginning of the study and after two years (four samples of rhizospheric soil for each treatment) to assess the effects of mycorrhizal infection on soil mineral concentration and physical properties. Soil microbial activity was measured by quantifying the soil production of CO₂ in ten replications of 50 g of soil from each treatment. Root mycorrhizal infection was assessed through samples of fresh roots collected during 2005 and 2006. Fifty samples for each treatment were analyzed and the percentage of root length containing arbuscules and vesicles was assessed.
During both years (2005 and 2006) all treatments showed mycorrhizal infection, even the Control treatment where no AM was applied. Mycorrhizal colonization did not affect the soil concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu, Fe, B, organic matter, pH/KCl and ECe. Soil CO₂-C in vitro production markedly decreased during the period of the study. No significant differences where detected among treatments in most cases.

During the summer time of 2005 the pilot study focused on analysis of rural areas (especially its human and landscape potential) was provided. There was choosed four villages in region Vysočina along Svratka and Fryšávka river (microregion Novoměstsko) as a model area. The study based on own methodological approach which follows indicators of sustainable developments over the time. This set is divided into four groups - landscape/environment, society, economic and demographic characteristics. There are four quantitative indicators of the SD in each groups. This basic set is completed by qualitative research (interwiews, questionnaire etc.). This approach can be used as one of the tools of regional development policy. The study was supported by Internal Grant Agency of Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry.

The paper informs of N, P, K, Ca and Mg-contents in the selected organs (tissues) of 4-year old Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) and 3-year old European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) transplants after two years of Mg fertilization (100 kg Mg.ha^-1.year^-1) in the form of magnesium sulphate, and N fertilization (100 kg N.ha^-1.year^-1) in the form of ammonium sulphate. Analyses of buds, needles/leaves, bark and wood of above-ground part, fine roots (≤ 1 mm) and small-diameter roots (> 1 mm) showed that the greatest amounts of uptaken nutrients are in both tree species stored in assimilatory organs and in buds. The increased supply of nitrogen showed most in small-diameter roots (spruce), and in root-wood, and wood of stem and branches (beech). The two species responded to the increased supply of magnesium by increasing the bioelement content in root-wood and in fine roots. The increase of Mg-content in leaves occurred only in the second year of the fertilization.

Complete faunistics was compiled in countries surrounding the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The latest checklist of the bee fauna from the then Czechoslovakia being published well over a decade ago, the aim of this paper is to up-date Kocourek's checklist (hereinafter referred to as only "the List") from 1989.
In the present paper, inaccuracies occurring in Kocourek's checklist (e.g. using of junior synonyms or homonyms, spelling of names, incorrect species distribution, etc.) are corrected. In addition, new records according to literature data, findings communicated by colleagues, or own records, are summarised.
The compilation of this faunistic list required checking of over 750 names of the species group and more than 140 supraspecific names to be used valid and available names. The faunistic revision results in the following findings.
In total, 431 bee species range the Bohemian territory (occurrence was approved); of that, the following species are newly included: 4 species according to records (captured or checked specimen(s)) and 3 species as per literature data. Five species are conditionally removed from the Bohemian fauna, ten species are missing, eleven species are removed from the checklist, and the occurrence of one species is potential.
Altogether 543 species range the Moravian territory; in that number, the following species are newly included: 17 species according to records, and 6 species according to literature data. Eight species are conditionally removed from the Moravian fauna, one species is missing, six species are removed from the checklist, and the occurrence of five species is potential.
A total of 625 species range the Slovak territory; of that, the following species are newly included: 17 species according to records, and 14 species according to literature data. Seventeen species are conditionally removed from the Slovak fauna, no species is missing, ten species are removed from the checklist, and the occurrence of thirteen species is potential. Therefore, more intensive faunistic research is recommended in the Slovak territory.
Altogether 655 species range the Czech Republic and Slovakia; of that number, 555 species occur in the Czech Republic, and 625 species occur in Slovakia. It results in finding that the diversity of the bee fauna in the Czech Republic and Slovakia can be regarded as comparablely equal with their neighbouring countries regarding the structure and geographic position of the both republics.
The most important records of species are as follows: Hylaeus trinotatus (Pérez, 1895) [Slovakia], Andrena pontica Warncke, 1972 [Moravia], Halictus resurgens Nurse, 1903 [S], H. smaragdulus Vachal, 1895 [M, S], Lasioglossum bavaricum (Blüthgen, 1930) and L. cupromicans (Pérez, 1903) [S], L. lissonotum (Noskiewicz, 1926) [M, S], Sphecodes majalis Pérez, 1903 and Melitta wankowiczi (Radoszkowski, 1891) [S], Megachile flabellipes Pérez, 1895 [M], Coelioxys alata Förster, 1853 [S], Anthidium septemspinosum Lepeletier, 1841 and Melecta aegyptiaca Radoszkowski, 1876 [M], Pyrobombus (Cullumanobombus) semenoviellus (Skorikov, 1910) [Bohemia] and P. (Melanobom

R. solani (Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk) isolated from the sclerotia from the potatoes belongs to anastomose group 3 (AG 3), defined as the "potato type". The present study shows the results of research into the efficiency of the seed-fungicides on R. solani (AG 3) isolates from various regions (12) of the Czech Republic. In addition to registered seed-fungicides we also tested the unregistered preparation Prestige 290 FS (pencycuron + imidacloprid). Our objective was to test the efficiency of the seed-fungicides on R. solani isolates and the sensitivity, or resistance, of the isolates to registered and unregistered seed-fungicides and/or to the active ingredients mancozeb, tolclofos-methyl, pencycuron and carboxin + thiram, and to the unregistered combination of the pencycuron + imidacloprid active ingeriens.

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) are two important agents from the Nepoviruses genus. At present, serodiagnostic method is one of routine methods of virus pathogens testing also in grapevines. The aim of this study was to determine a suitable date of grapevine tissue sampling using the ELISA method and to follow visible symptoms of GFVL and ArMV infestation of vines. Positive results of tests for the occurrence of GFLV were obtained in the following growth stages: B (intensive growth - growth apex), C (beginning of flowering - young leaves) and D (beginning of flowering - inflorescence). Samples evaluated by ELISA method as positive for ArMV were found out in growth stages B (intensive growth - growth apex) and C (beginning of flowering - inflorescence). In all other stages the results of performed tests were negative. It is concluded that the stage B (intensive growth - growth apex) seems to be the most suitable for sampling of grapevine tissue.

The main objective of this paper is presentation of findings gathered through an analysis of items that cause deferred income tax in commercial insurance companies in the Czech insurance market. The evaluation of the subject is focused in accordance with the concept of the presented paper as regards structure analysis of the deferred tax, working with a selection of insurers - members of the Czech Insurance Association. We study, document and evaluate the influence of the deferred income tax being related with the given available income, as well as related to the effective income tax rate in a commercial insurance company. This analysis concerns the evaluation of the present-day degree of transformation and approximation of the Czech system of insurance in the process of harmonization with the European insurance system.

Woody and herbal growth growing on banks and along watercourses are called vegetative accompaniment of watercourses. In the Czech Republic, there has not been a unified methodology for the assessment of vegetative accompaniment of watercourses. Main objective of the work was to desing a simple methodology for the assessment of vegetative accompaniment of watercourses, verify it for each individual category of watercourses and formulate principles of measures to improve its status. The methodology for the assessment of vegetative accompaniment was developed on the basis of literature search and field experience. The ground of the assessment is a field research in each locality. The main characteristic of stream and the existing state of riparian stands are recorded and then assessed on the basis of proposed criteria. Clasification system developed for comparison of watercourses or their stretches and for determination of restoration principles and maintenance of vegetative accompaniment includes five classes of management.

In today's dynamically changing environment marketing has a significant role. Creating successful marketing strategies requires large amount of high quality information of various kinds and data types. A powerful database management system is a necessary condition for marketing strategies creation support. The paper briefly describes the field of marketing strategies and specifies the features that should be provided by database systems in connection with these strategies support. Major commercial (Oracle, DB2, MS SQL, Sybase) and open-source (PostgreSQL, MySQL, Firebird) databases are than examined from the point of view of accordance with these characteristics and their comparison in made. The results are useful for making the decision before acquisition of a database system during information system's hardware architecture specification.

The first part of the paper is devoted to the problems of the households purchase behavior in the Czech Republic. The main part is based on own empirical results from own marketing research conducted in 2005-2006. The results concerns on influences of food-stuffs purchases, clothes and shoes purchases, household equipments purchases and differences among them.
In the second part is presented increasing number of shopping - amusing centres in the Czech Republic. These trends are changing purchase behavior our consumers. In Spring 2006 was conducted own marketing research of visitors shopping - amusing centre Olympia in Brno Modřice. Some more detail results give their basic sociodemographic characteristics as well as shopping orientations. The purchase in the shopping - amusing centres is a part of the contemporary life style, leisure and amusement.

The yield of sugar beet is directly affected by LAI (leaf area index) and values of LAD (leaf area duration). The integral leaf area plays, except for other factors, an important role during the damage or reduction of leaf apparatus. There are many sources of leaf damage: natural disasters (hailstorm), diseases, pests (including game browsing) etc. The intensity of the root production and quality differs in relation to the growth stage of the damage plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of losses in the root yield and the quality of sugar beet upon gradual reduction of the leaf area. Two diploid varieties Monza and Compact were used in the small-plot trials conducted in years 2004 to 2006 (in the experimental station Žabčice - maize production region, zone K2, average altitude 184 m, soil type was classified as gley fluvisoil, soil is medium heavy to heavy, clay-loam to loam type). The leaf area was manually reduced by 25% and 50% at BBCH 18-19 growth phase (8-9 leaves unfolded). The results were statistically evaluated by analysis of variance and testing by Tukey test (at the significance level α = 5%). Reduction of the leaf area was reflected on the decrease of the root yield by 1 to 10% depending on the year of harvest. In addition, the stressful state of the plants after defoliation resulted in the decrease of the yield of polarization sugar per hectare, namely by 0.45 to 1.66 t.ha^-1. In 2005, the leaf area reduction caused a rise of the α-amino nitrogen content. The rise in the potassium and sodium cations content caused by the leaf area reduction also increased the sugar content in the treacle (by 0.1 to 0.16%). The increasing leaf area reduction lead to decreasing of yield of polarization sugar. However, this descent was statistically significant in harvest year 2006 only.

The paper deals with analysis of the macroeconomic associations of trade development and its position in Czech Republic as one of the national economy branch. The development of main macroeconomic indicators for period of 1998-2004 is completed and then it follows up with progress of the trade structures and trade chains. In that frame the given indicators (number of registered and active business units in trade, turnover and number of employees) are monitoring according to Economic Subjects Register (provided by Czech Statistical Office) and Classification of Economic Activities in the European Union. On the basis of research of consulting and research institutions the overview and turnover comparison for TOP 10 trade firms for period of 2000-2004 is carried out. Inseparable part of the paper is analysis of the Czech Republic foreign trade results. In this field the export, import and trade balance are discussing on the one hand in general and on the other hand in territorial and commodity structures.