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Funding development of the company through the "Initial Public Offering" has a high representation globally, the Czech Republic unlike, and belongs to traditional methods of raising funds necessary for development of business in the developed capital markets. In the United States of America, Japan and in the Western Europe countries the method of company funding through IPO has been applying for several decades already. The first public stock offerings began to be applied in these markets in higher volumes from the beginning of the 60^th of the last century. From that period importance of IPO goes up globally and the initial public stock offerings begin to be applied more and more even in the Central and Eastern European countries. In the conditions of the Czech capital market it is possible to identify only few companies, who attempted to funding through the IPO way at present. Greater part of the Czech companies still undergo the debit funding for financing their further development, namely in the form of bank loans. At the same time it is necessary to take into account, that the debit financing starts, thanks to so-called mortgage crisis in the USA, causing problems and mark up. Admittance of a stakeholder into the company is not convenient for all and thus IPO represents an interesting option of how to acquire a no arrear capital. The aim of this article is to determine the IPO concept, analyse its development at the world stockholder markets, describe the reasons for IPO implementation according to the contemporary professional literature and compare it with the approaches to this particular form of funding with companies that have already implemented IPO at the Czech capital market.

Polders show an important water-management function in the flood-control protection of watersheds. The course of actual floods in recent decades and effects of the water works on flood flows have proved the suitability of the construction within integrated flood-control measures in particular watersheds of the Czech Republic. To determine the transformation effect of flood-control measures in watersheds mathematical modelling is an important method, which is used not only in the preparation and design of retention areas but also in dealing with the flood protection of towns and villages. Easy verification of other measures in watersheds is also useful. Their implementation can be thus prepared for the future or it is possible to back off the intentions. In our case, a fact is advantageous that the model is operated in the workplace of the Elbe Basin water-management dispatching centre, which is compatible with assessed polders in the partial Elbe watershed, namely in the Tichá Orlice watershed and its partial Třebovka watershed. The polders assessed are situated on the Třebovka stream, which is the largest tributary of the Tichá Orlice river. These dry reservoirs and the increased protective function of the Hvězda pond affect runoff from about 80 km². Within research activities, possibilities were studied to obtain necessary retention areas in existing small water reservoirs. It became evident that the only realistic solution was to increase protective functions of the pond Hvězda. Its present total retention space of 1.4 million m³ can be increased only by 0.35 million m³, however, in combination with the sophisticated lay-out of a new emergency spillway and outlet the whole retention space can be used much more effectively. To obtain other retention areas localities were found out in the whole upper watershed of the Třebovka stream, which fulfilled requirements for placing the adequate capacity of polders. Subsequent modifications of the Třebovka channel in the most endangered villages and towns and their capacity design according to transformation effects of selected reservoirs and measures, determination of their effect and comparison with profiles on the Tichá Orlice are the content of the paper.

From 1999 to 2004 the occurence of fungi: Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron.) and Fusarium spp. was evaluated in small plot field trials on seven varieties of winter wheat. The efficacy of fungicide protection against stem base diseases and influence on yields was monitored in field conditions in Velká Bystřice near Olomouc.
For diagnostic of casual fungi two methods were used: 1. Method of coloring mycelium in stems, 2. Method of cultivation of mycelim on agar.
Results from detection of casual fungi are following: Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron.), Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc. and Fusarium graminearum Schwabe.
For high efficacy of protection against roots and stem base disease the following fungicide variants should be applied: Sportak Alpha 1.5 l.ha^-1 (BBCH 30)/Cerelux Plus 0.7 l.ha^-1 (BBCH 51), Sportak HF 1 l.ha^-1 (BBCH 30)/Cerelux Plus 0.7 l.ha^-1, Alert S 1.0 l.ha^-1 (BBCH 30/Cerelux Plus 0.7 l.ha^-1 (BBCH 51). The application of fungicides positively influenced yields. Yield increased at average by10-20 % after the aplication but the rise in yields was not in total correlation with the efficacy. These results can be possibly used in the system of integral control of winter wheat against stem base disease in wheat.

The impact of soil tillage on weeds in spring barley was observed on the field trial. The field trial was established in very warm and dry climatic region (experimental field station in Žabčice, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Czech Republic). In the experiment there was used 7-strip crop rotation and three variants of soil tillage: conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), when soil is shallow loosened and no tillage (NT) what means direct sowing without any soil tillage. The weed infestation was evaluated by counting method before herbicide application. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then LSD methods, DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) and CCA (Canonical Correspondence Analysis) were used for evaluation of results. The obtained results showed, that different soil tillage did not statistically influenced weed infestation in spring barley. The number of weed species depended on the depth of soil tillage, the variant of minimum tillage had lower number of weed species. These species were more common on the variant of conventional tillage: Chenopodium album, Silene noctiflora, Sinapis arvensis, Veronica polita. The variant of minimum tillage was more suitable for these species: Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Amaranthus sp., Galium aparine. On the variant of direct sowing there appeared mainly these species: Sonchus oleraceus, Lactuca serriola, Tripleurospermum inodorum.

The influence of the stage of maturity of alfalfa on the chemical composition and in sacco digestibility was studied in a laboratory experiment. Alfalfa plants were analysed in 8 vegetation stages harvested in regular intervals before the beginning of bud setting until the fall of blossoms. The contents of nitrogenous substances, fat, crude fibre, ADF, NDF, Ca, P, Na, K and Mg were determined in the samples, and using the in sacco method also the organic matter digestibility in the rumen. Further we assessed the energy content and calculated the N-free extractives (BNLV) value. In some stages the chemical changes were monitored in the whole plant. It was discovered that during vegetation there was a statistically significant increase in the crude fibre content and in the ADF and NDF fractions and a reduction in nitrogenous substances. A strong negative correlation was detected between the stage of maturity of alfalfa and content of crude protein and net energy for lactation (r = -0.97 and r = -0.92, respectively). In the individual stages of vegetation the differences in the content of nitrogenous substances, fibre and fat were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The statistically highest content of crude protein (28.97%) was detected in the first stage before bud setting and the lowest (11.97%) in the stage after the fall of blossoms. Later vegetation also had a stronger depressive effect on the content of fat and NEL. The organic matter digestibility (P < 0.05) was the lowest in alfalfa in the last stage of sampling (62.6%) when it reached a mere 85.99% of the digestibility at the beginning of bud setting. The highest organic matter digestibility (72.80%) was detected in a sample of young alfalfa prior to bud setting. In the experiment we confirmed a strong and negative correlation (r = -0.97) between the crude fibre content and organic matter digestibility. The correlation was also strong between the stage of maturity of alfalfa and the content of magnesium (Mg).

Although recently reported models for determining egg shape are highly accurate, certain complicated measurements or computations are to be performed. Thus relatively simple and attainable analysis methods of chicken egg shape variability were chosen and used for the purpose of presented research. Sample of 250 eggs of ISA BROWN strain was examined. Geometrical parameters were measured and calculated with following expression of their coefficient of variation - namely egg length 3.56 %, egg maximum width 2.84 %, shape index 3.80 %, surface area 5.08 %, and egg volume 7.23 %. The second method consisted in shape quantitative measuring by the score of the principal components of elliptic Fourier descriptors (EFDs). The first four principles components which could explain over 99 % of the egg shape variations were found to be very good measures of the monitored phenomenon. It was found that 87.41 % of the total shape variation can be accounted to length to width ratio. Usefulness and relevance of the shape index usage was confirmed.

Biosensors are analytical devices that transforms chemical information, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to total composition analysis, into an analytical signal and that utilizes a biochemical mechanism for the chemical recognition. The complexity of biosensor construction and generation of measured signal requires the development of new method for signal evaluation and its possible defects recognition. A new method based on artificial neural networks (ANN) was developed for recognition of characteristic behavior of signals joined with malfunction of sensor. New algorithm uses unsupervised Kohonen self-organizing neural networks. The work with ANN has two phases - adaptation and prediction. During the adaptation step the classification model is build. Measured data form groups after projection into two-dimensional space based on theirs similarity. After identification of these groups and establishing the connection with signal disorders ANN can be used for evaluation of newly measured signals. This algorithm was successfully applied for 540 signal classification obtained from immobilized acetylcholinesterase biosensor measurement of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in vegetables, fruits, spices, potatoes and soil samples. From six different signal defects were successfully classified four - low response after substrate addition, equilibration at high values, slow equilibration after substrate addition respectively low sensitivity on syntostigmine.

The inhabitants of separate CR regions show varying demographic behaviour that presents itself in the demographic measures' values. The paper offers a comparison of the development of selected measures of size and movement of the population in the regions of CR in 1993 and 2006 years. Attention is paid to the changes in measures of economic and biological structure, life expectancy and some of the measures of human reproduction, patterns of growth and migration. Multivariate analysis methods have been employed for the solution. Selection of variables has been carried out in each year using factor analysis and similarity of the regions has been described by the hierarchic agglomerative clustering method. During the thirteen years, changes occurred in demographic behaviour of the regions. Currently the Capital Prague and the Středočeský Region differ significantly. All the regions remaining have been stabilized as concerns the demographic measures and they show homogeneity.

The objective of the present study is to characterize the rheological properties of peaches according to the results of puncture test force/displacement curves. The measurements were carried out on the universal testing machine. The firmness of the peaches was measured on the equatorial side of the fruit. Four measurements were carried out on each fruit by varying the orientation at intervals by about 90°. The used approach computed six texture parameters from the curves, which were supposed to be representative of skin hardness, fruit deformation before skin rupture, flesh firmness and mechanical work needed to penetrate the fruit. The data were fitted by an exponential function. The correlation is not statistically significant. Its value only support the hypothesis about decrease of the skin strength and other values. Generally, there is a decreases with time from the harvest beginning but the scatter of the data is too high. The results show that used method enables to describe the peach firmness development during the harvest period but the effective use of this method is based on the large number of experiments which are destructive in their nature. Some new approach is briefly outlined.

This work deals with use of FT NIR spectroscopy to speedy analysis of maturation of edam cheese. Maturation of cheese was study with the measure of soluble nitrogen, tyrosine and tryptophane. This method can be able to make optimal making raw material to production of processed cheese. Samples of edam cheese (45% fat in dry matter) were analysed with time of ripening 7 to 99 days. Soluble nitrogen, tyrosine and tryptophane were analysed on UV-VisSpectrometer (270 and 290 nm). Sequentially samples were analysed on FT NIR spectrometer of two methods: 1) slice of cheese was analysed help with optical probe, 2) grated cheese was analysed on the integration sphere. The values of correlation coefficient of calibration on the integration sphere were as follows: soluble nitrogen 0.922, tyrosine 0.911 and tryptophane 0.852. The values of correlation coefficient of calibration with optical probe were as follows: soluble nitrogen 0.996, tyrosine 0.958 and tryptophane 0.922.

Functional and aesthetical evaluation of landscape was used in the framework of Project QF4061 Landscape Plan of a Microregion in connection with the proposal of landscape measures to be taken in an important watercourse. As a part of the project the methodology of functional and aesthetical evaluation of landscape was defined as a method of landscape spatial planning. The methodology consists in the creation of landscape "matrix" as a landscape network of a definite size. The criteria of evaluation of the particular squares of this landscape matrix were defined in the framework of methodology. The defined criteria are not invariable, but they are always related with the type of landscape to be evaluated. By the attribution of scores according to the defined criteria to the particular squares of landscape matrix these squares may be compared in a simple way. Such evaluation provides some categories of the aesthetic value of landscape that define the functional and aesthetic landscape spaces. Applying the result of this evaluation and other knowledge of the landscape we will get a more comprehensive view on landscape. The functional and aesthetic evaluation of landscape may substantially contribute to the more complex understanding of a given territory in which landscape measures are to be proposed in subsequent project documentation. The methodology is simple and easily feasible in practice.

The valuation of assets is a relatively challenging activity as well as a scientific discipline having an impact on the amount of the reported assets and economic result process. The report deals with the issue of valuation of the tangible fixed assets in the accounting entities compiling the financial statements pursuant to the Czech national legislation and in conformity with the requirements of the International Accounting Standards IAS/IFRS and US GAAP. The substantial differences in the definitions and valuation of the tangible fixed assets in these systems have been determined, indicating the impact on the economy of the accounting entity, both at the primary acquisition and as at the day of the closing of books. Attention has also been paid to the possibilities of recording the value decreases and to subsequent expenses. The analysis of legal regulations was completed with the analysis of the financial statements from selected economic entities. As per the international standards, the main difference consists in the possibility of component depreciation of tangible assets or, on the other hand, the possibility of group depreciation, in the differences in valuation in the event of acquisition paid for and of acquisition by one's own production, and in the possibility to consider the costs of disposal of assets. The subsequent expenses are also construed in a different manner: as per the Czech regulation, they are construed as repairs and maintenance. The substantial difference in comparison with the Czech regulation consists in the possibility of re-valuation of assets upwards as well as the method of actual value determination.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the changes of the microbiological quality of milk during storage. Fresh pasteurized milk was used for the laboratory experimentations. Cooling chain of the samples was broken for 8 and for 12 hours at different temperatures (22-30 °C). In these samples, total count of psychrotrophic microorganisms was assessed.
Technological indiscipline, i. e. higher storage temperature (24 °C and more), was associated with higher increase of total count of microorganisms and psychrotrophic microorganisms. Microbiological results proved that the samples stored under standard conditions were of very good quality. However, in fresh pasteurized milk the representation of total count of microorganisms and psychrotrophic microorganisms meets fully the norm requirements. It is necessary respect a sustentation of a lower temperature of fresh pasteurized milk during storage, especially in summer months.

NIR spectroscopy making use of a near infrared spectrum offers wide using in a food quality control. This quick method allows the measuring of numerous samples with minimal usage of chemicals. Due this fact it is also used in quantitative analyses of milk composition. In this study we observed an impact of different temperatures of cow's milk samples on measuring exactness. The milk samples were taken from separate dairy cows and immediately refrigerated to 6-8 °C. Until the analysis the samples were deposited in the refrigerator. Just before the analysis on FT NIR spectrometer they were warmed to 40 °C and then cooled down in water bath to the temperatures 20 °C, 21 °C, 23 °C and 25 °C. Afterwards the samples were measured on Petri dish in reflectance mode with resolution 8 and number of scans 100. The spectres of samples were evaluated using calibration models for determination of solids and contents of proteins, fat and lactose. Observed measures were statistically compared within separate temperatures in relation to standard temperature 20 °C.

The equilibrium moisture contents of parsley leaves were measured by the gravimetric dynamic method with continuous recording of changes in sample weight. Consequently water activity values were determined. Henderson equation was found to be a good model both for moisture adsorption and desorption. Isosteric heat of sorption was defined and determined in the temperature range of 10-30 °C. Clausius-Clapeyron equation was used to calculate the isosteric heat of sorption since no dependence on temperature in the analysed range was observed. The isosteric heats of sorption (q_n^st) were indicated graphic in the form q_n^st versus moisture content. Values for isosteric heat of sorption ranged from 54.41 to 46.85 kJ/mol.

This paper describes alternative approach to analysis of customers profitability based just on volume of purchased goods. By including average distance of customers' distributional places as additional criteria for profitability analysis and using cluster analysis as a method for ranking customers is proven that assessing of customers' profitability can be more accurate.
This approach to evaluation of customers' profitability changes order of customers listed acordingly to profit they generate. In fact it shows that in business terms is room for improvement and harmonisation of relationship among some business partners in certain cases. Recalculation of business conditions which comes from detailed analysis can bring either increase of competitiveness by price reduction or increase of incomes by rising price of goods.

Methods for determination of free water content in poultry meat are described in Commission Regulation EEC No 1538/91 as amended and in ČSN 57 3100. Two of them (method A and D) have been validated in conditions of a Czech poultry processing plant. The capacity of slaughtering was 6000 pieces per hour and carcasses were chilled by air with spraying. All determinations were carried out in the plant's lab and in the lab of the Institute of Food Technology. Method A was used to detect the amount of water lost from frozen chicken during thawing in controlled conditions. Twenty carcasses from six weight groups (900 g-1400 g) were tested. The average values of thaw loss water contents ranged between 0.46% and 1.71%, the average value of total 120 samples was 1.16%. The results were compared with the required maximum limit value of 3.3%. The water loss content was in negative correlation with the weight of chicken (r = -0.56). Method D (chemical test) has been applied to determine the total water content of certain poultry cuts. It involved the determination of water and protein contents of 62 representative samples in total. The average values of ratio of water weight to proteins weight W_A/RP_A were in breast fillets 3.29, in legs with a portion of the back 4.06, legs 4.00, thighs 3.85 and drumsticks 4.10. The results corresponded to the required limit values for breast fillets 3.40 and for leg cuts 4.15. The ratio of water weight to proteins weight W_A/RP_A was correlated with the weight of chicken for breast fillets negatively (r = -0.61) and for leg cuts positively (r = 0.70). Different correlations can be explained by the distribution of water, protein and fat in carcasses. The evaluation of methods in the parameter of percentage ratio of the average value to the limit showed that method D (results were at the level of 97% of the limit) was more exact than method A (results were at the level 32% of the limit) but it is more expensive. Both methods were tested with the same technological equipment and at the same time. As far as the validation is concerned, it can be concluded that no substantial modification of methods is necessary.

Our work deals with a possibility of determining basic composition (fat, true protein, casein, lactose and somatic cells) of goat's milk Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT NIR). Samples of milk were warmed to 40 °C, agitated, cooled to 20 °C, transferred to Petri dishes and analysed by reference methods and by FT NIR in reflectance mode. The measured area was spaced by a metallic mirror. Statistically significant differences between the reference values and the calculated values of NIR were not found (p = 0.05). Very high correlation coefficients were determined for goat's milk: fat 0.907, protein 0.989, casein 0.890 and lactose 0.981. The study showed that NIRS method, when samples of milk are measured on Petri dishes, is a useful technique for the prediction of fat, true protein, casein and lactose in goat's milk. Results of calibration for somatic cells are not accurate (correlation coefficients of calibration 0,885 and correlation coefficients of validation 0.566).

Anaerobic spore-forming bacteria of the genus Clostridium are commonly present in raw milk and some milk products. Their spores can survive pasteurization and can provoke so called late blowing defect in cheese caused by butyric acid fermentation. The only species of the genus Clostridium that is able to provoke late blowing is Clostridium tyrobutyricum.
In this work, two cultivation methods for detection of butyric acid producing clostridia in raw and pasteurized milk and in cheese samples were compared. The results show that tube method is suitable for route identification (in concentration 10² CFU/ml or /g) of clostridia in milk and cheese. The standard cultivation technique is suitable for more sensitive identification (10 CFU/ml or /g). All presumptive colonies grown anaerobically on selective RCM agar with polymyxine B (500 μg/ml) were classified to be of species Clostridium tyrobutyricum using PCR only. The confirmation using API tests were different in 50 % cases. The results show, that described PCR method is suitable for rapid screening of the presence of Clostridium tyrobutyricum in milk and cheese. PCR from one colony is possible to use for the analysis.

The effect of the χ-casein (C-CSN) and β -casein (B-CSN) loci on the milk production traits (milk yield, fat, protein and lactose content) was estimated for 807 and 488 Czech Fleckvieh and 402 and 244 Holstein cows, respectively. Genotypes of C-CNS and B-CNS were determined by the use of PCR-RFLP method. The genotypes were detected by use of electrophoresis on agarose gel. The associations of studied polymorphisms with milk production traits were estimated using the mixed linear model procedure REML in SAS for Windows 9.1.3. Results indicated that protein content is significantly affected (P ≤ 0.01) by C-CSN genotype (genotype BB > AB > AA). Fat and lactose content were not affected by C-CSN locus. The B-CNS locus had no significant effect on any milk production traits.

Document processing is significant and limiting factor of the efficiency of every information system that creates, stores, and revises documents during its operation. Selection of proper document format together with the data that describe the document can substantially influence the speed of processing the documents.
We should consider the document format already in the phase of systems design. If documents that are processed are of one type it is useful to follow one descriptive style during their creation. This can be achieved through using sample document templates.
Not less important is also the method of storing the documents. This aspect is crucial mainly in cases when the presentation and processing of the documents is fundamental. The design of the structure and methods of storing the documents are influenced by the operations that will be carried out with the documents. Big impact on the structure has e.g. implementation of efficient searching algorithm in full text or semantic variant.
This paper doesn't provide complex solution of document systems in information systems but uses suitable approaches and comparisons to show effective way how to implement such system with the compliance with new technologies.

In 2004 and 2005 we explored the effect of graded doses of selenium in the soil (0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 kg Se.ha^-1) on yield-forming parameters (total plant weight, number of stems per hill, number of tubers per hill and hectare yields) in two varieties of potatoes of different vegetation periods. The content of selenium as an important anti-oxidant was monitored in potato tubers and tops. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite was applied in the respective doses into the soil before planting the potatoes. Samples for growth and chemical analyses were taken after 90 and 99 days of vegetation (variety Karin and Ditta, respectively). Increasing doses of selenium had a negative effect on most of the yield-forming parameters. With an increasing dose of Se the hectare yields as well as the number of tubers in the hill and total weight of the plant decreased. Chemical analyses were performed using the AAS method and showed that the concentration of selenium in the individual parts of the potato plant increased with increasing Se doses in the soil. The content of selenium in tubers of the variant Se₇₂ (4.13 mg Se.kg^-1 of dry matter) increased as much as 20 times when compared to the control (0.22 mg Se.kg^-1 of dry matter).

The article deals with trading possibilities through the barter trade companies which are widely spread especially in USA and Wester Europe. It shows the essence of commercial and cooperative companies engaged in barter-trading business. It also introduces the International Reciprocal Trade Assiciation worldwide company (IRTA). Shows results of czech barter company LQA, ltd., which trades requisitions and other goods by jointing demands since 2000. By the help of balance sheet method it reproaches values of offered and demanded requisitions in 2007.

The evaluation of the effect of somatic cells count on ewe's milk composition, its properties and on the quality of rennet curd was carried using milk samples obtained from a total 10 ewes F₁₁₂ crossbreeds of Lacaune (L), East Friesian (EF) and Improved Wallachian (IW), reared on a ecological sheep farm in Valašská Bystřice. All ewes were on the 1^st lactation, in good nutritive condition and clinically healthy. The sampling was carried on 47^th, 81^st, 123^rd, 152^nd and 189^th day of lactation. The analysis involved a total of 50 milk samples, which were categorized into 5 different SCC groups: 1^st group (≤ 10 000 SC/ml), 2^nd group (11 000-50 000 SC/ml), 3^rd group (51 000-100 000 SC/ml), 4^th group (101 000-200 000 SC/ml), 5^th group (≥ 201 000 SC/ml). Milk composition and milk properties were determined by standard methods. For the evaluation of the quality of rennet curd (class quality) was used following scale: 1^st class - very good and hard curd, 2^nd class - good curd, 3^rd class - bad curd, 4^th class - very bad curd, 5^th class - no or invisible flocculation of casein. Recorded data were statistically analyzed using the classical least squares method (SAS; PROC GLM variant ss4). The SCC had a significant effect on all components of milk under study. The lowest contents of total solids (TS), fat (F), solids non-fat (SNF), protein (P) and casein (CN) were found in the group with the highest SCC (5^th group). On the other hand, the highest contents of all above-mentioned milk components were found in the group with the lowest SCC. The significantly lowest content of lactose (4.42 %) was found in the group with the lowest SCC. The SCC had also significant effect on pH and titrable acidity. However on the other hand SCC had not a significant effect on rennetability and rennet curd quality (RCQ). The highest value of pH was found in the 5^th group (the highest SCC). Titrable acidity has decreased from 10.10 °SH to 8.66 °SH depending on growth of SCC. The longest rennetability (257 s) was found in the group with the highest SCC. The best RCQ (class: 1.90) was found in the group where SCC per1 ml of milk ranged from 51 000 to 100 000. On the other hand the worst RCQ (class: 2.28) was found in the group with the lowest SCC.

Ergosterol is a natural compound with steroidic structure produced mainly by fungi. Due to this, it is considered as a marker of fungal spoilage. In this work, the content of ergosterol was monitored in samples of three forage crops (Festuca arundinacea x Lolium multiflorum, Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius) during period October-December 2005 and different term of summer harvesting (June or July). There were adapted and applied liquid chromatographic method with fotometric detection in ultraviolet region for determination of this compound. It was found, that the content of ergosterol strongly increased in all december's samples with small variations between all three forage crops. Samples, where the summer harvest was performed in July had significantly lower content of ergosterol. Obtained results showed that level of monitored compounds was under limits in all samples.

This contribution presents the method of evaluation of the shelter-belts by using the referential points system. This method is based on evaluation the main characteristics of shelter-belts. There were evaluated the parameters of single shelter-belts, as well as their integration to the ecological network of the landscape. By this there was created the points system, which makes into account the age, height, width, length and gaps of the shelter-belt. In evaluation of the network (space layout) of shelterbelts threw were evaluated parameters of distance, relation to the systems of ecological stability and the integration to the geomorphology of the landscape. The result is the tabulation of shelter-belts in the scale 1-12 for the singular shelterbelts and 1-9 for their space layout. The value scale of the criteria is 1-3. By these criteria it is possible to place the shelterbelts into 3 groups according their functionality. This points system enables the evaluation of the shelterbelts and it makes easier the decisions how and why to reconstruct or make up them.

This paper is attended on simple method for support decision process in their final stage, i.e. by selection of suitable variant, from a set acceptable variant and by using fuzzy sets. In this entry are presented two approaches to solution: one without acceptance of weights point of view selection and second with acceptance weights point of view selection, including a method easy determination weights view points.
Approaches are documented with sample decision making about choice new product for extension of produce. As a view points ware selected: costs realization, time realization, employment increase, benefit, environmental impact.

The objective of our study was to standardize a method for chromatin integrity assessment in a separated population of bovine sperm and monitor the changes occurring during sperm capacitation stimulated with heparin. Frozen sperm of 11 young bulls of the Czech pied breed with a defined fertility in both in vitro system (from 12.9% to 25.8% embryos) and in insemination (from 60.2% to 66.4% pregnancy) was used in our experiments.
Bovine spermatozoa were isolated by Percoll gradient centrifugation from frozen-thawed semen using Tyrode's medium (SP-Talp) and resuspended in a fertilization medium (IVF-Talp). The spermatozoa were incubated at laboratory temperature at a concentration 25 × 10⁶ per cm³ for 6 h either in IVF-Talp medium with heparin (H⁺) or without heparin (H^-). Samples were obtained immediately after sperm thawing (PS), following motile spermatozoa separation (P0), and their three (P3) and six hour (P6) incubation. The samples were examined by flow cytometry. Two measurements were carried out in each of the samples so that a total of 10 thousand spermatozoa were analysed. Proportion of spermatozoa with undetectable DNA fragmentation index (non-DFI sperm) i.e. spermatozoa with undamaged chromatin structure were determined using SCSA-soft software.
Chromatin integrity changes of spermatozoa before and after separation and capacitation differed markedly in individual bulls. Separation of motile spermatozoa increased significantly the mean proportion of non-DFI sperm in tested bulls (from 94.2 to 96.4%, P ≤ 0.01). While in most of the bulls the mean proportion of non-DFI sperm remained nearly constant during incubation (H^-) (mean, P0 - 96.4%, P3 - 95.6%, P6 - 95.5%), it gradually decreased during capacitation (H⁺) (mean, P0 - 96.4%, P3 - 95.2%, P6 - 94.2%). The differences were statistically significant (P0 vs. P3H⁺, P0 vs. P6H⁺, P ≤ 0.05). Significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in the mean proportion on non-DFI sperm was also found between capacitated (P6H⁺) and incubated (P6H^-) spermatozoa.
The results of our study suggest the following outcomes. Separation of motile spermatozoa by Percoll gradient increased the proportion of spermatozoa with undamaged chromatin structure. Sperm incubation induced gentle damage of chromatin integrity which was potentiated by heparin in capacitated spermatozoa. The proportion of spermatozoa with undamaged chromatin structure remained relatively high in the course of capacitation, therefore we can assume it to be high enough for a potential oocyte fertilization.

Modal analysis of the whole guitar construction was performed. The results of eigenfrequencies were obtained. Stress in strings affects not only static loading of material, but also shift of eigenfrequencies. From obtained natural frequencies for solved spectrum such frequencies were used which coincides with assumed ribs new positions of ribs were suggested. Other ribs which do not carry out the mechanical function were removed. Also static reaction was evaluated and new position of ribs was adjusted. For final model new eigenfrequencies were computed and compared with previous ones. Significant changes were revealed in low frequencies (bellow 400 Hz) where fewer amounts of natural shapes were obtained. Approximately 50% were lost by adding of ribs. For chosen frequencies of equal temperament the harmonic analysis was performed. The analysis proved ability of oscillation for frequencies far of natural frequencies. The final model satisfies the requirement of minimization of static stress in material due to strings and allows very effective oscillation of top the guitar resonance board. In comparison with literature good agreement in amplitude size of front board and amount of modes in appropriate frequencies were achieved. Suggested model even offers higher amount of natural shapes in comparison with literature, namely in high frequencies. From additional comparison of eigenfrequencies and natural shapes the influence of ribs position on natural shapes was approved.

The different type of own produce stimulators were tested at Berberis thunbergii L. 'Green Carpet', Berberis thunbergii 'Red Shift' and Berberis thunbergii 'Aureum'. We used the combination of growing inhibitors and quick-dip method, single quick-dip metod in solution of acetone and stimulant in form of gel. Groving inhibitors is including paclobutrazol and CCC in test. We used IBK, NAA, IAA and nicotin acid as auxins in quick-dip method. Medium was aceton solution.