Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(2), 399-405 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866020399

The Effect of Selenium Application on Plant Health Indicators of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties

Marcela Žitná1, Tünde Juríková2, Alžbeta Hegedűsová3, Marcel Golian3, Jiří Mlček4, Pavel Ryant5
1 Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nábrežie mládeže 91, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
2 Institute for Teacher Training, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Drážovská 4, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
3 Department of Vegetable Production, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tulipánová 1117/7, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
4 Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
5 Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic

This study evaluates the effects of different selenium levels (VI) in the form of sodium selenate (25, 50, 150 and 300 mg.dm-3) on the selected parametres in seedlings of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties ('Flavora', 'Oskar', 'Exzellenz' and 'Jumbo') grown in Petri dishes. Tested indicators included seed germination, roots length, content of photosynthetic pigments - chlorophyll a and b, green biomass weight in early growth stages and acute toxicity expressed as IC50 value. The study has proved a significant positive effect of selenium. During the germination, selenium doses reached 25 mg.dm-3 in 'Exzellenz' (100 %) and 'Flavora' (95 %) varieties; and 50 mg.dm-3 in 'Oskar' (the germination began 54 hours after sowing) and 'Exzellenz' (the germination began 48 hours after sowing) compared with a control sample. Regarding the root growth, 'Oskar' variety may be considered as the most resistant variety considering the value of acute phytotoxicity determined by probit analysis (1274.1 mg.dm-3). Statistically significant effect of selenium on photosynthetic pigments content has been recorded in 'Jumbo' and 'Oskar' varieties (chlorophyll a with IC50 values of 1808 and 2440.1 mg.dm-3). Selenium showed a statistically significant negative effect on biomass weight and the lowest doses of acute phytotoxicity were recorded (29.9-42.5 mg.dm-3). The results of acute phytotoxicity confirmed that utilized levels of selenate between 50 and 100 mg.dm-3 of garden pea plants are the safest for foliar application.

Keywords: garden pea, varieties, selenium, effect, acute toxicity, indicators
Grants and funding:

This work was supported by grant VEGA No. 1/0087/17 and IGA/FT/2018/006.

Published: May 2, 2018  Show citation

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Žitná, M., Juríková, T., Hegedűsová, A., Golian, M., Mlček, J., & Ryant, P. (2018). The Effect of Selenium Application on Plant Health Indicators of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 66(2), 399-405. doi: 10.11118/actaun201866020399
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