Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2018, 66(1), 35-42 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866010035

Physical Properties of Maize Seed and its Effect on Sowing Quality and Variable Distance of Individual Plants

Pavol Findura1, Koloman Kriątof1, Ján Jobbágy1, Peter Bajus1, Urszula Malaga-Toboła2
1 Department of Machines and Production Biosystems, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
2 Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Informatics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116B, 30-149 Krakow, Poland

Precision sowing has been a major thrust of agricultural engineering research for many years; however, most of the research and development work has dealt with seeders for agronomic crops. Sowing quality means required vertical (depth) and horizontal (spatial) spacing of seeds in the soil with minimal damage to the seeds. The spatial distribution of seeds (horizontal spacing) is given by distance between the rows and spacing of the seeds in a row. The objective of the study was the evaluation and comparison of the sowing quality of sowing machine JD MaxEmerge XP with mechanical filling of ladle holes with holding fingers within usage of seeds with different dimensional and shape attributes in agricultural conditions. As it was observed that shape attributes have a significant effect on seeding quality and at the end it affects emergency and whole further growth of maize seeds. Sowing machine JD MaxEmerge XP reached good results for the quality especially when using the angular seeds. It reached the sowing quality expressed by the standard deviation of 46.95-50.76 % when seeds PR 37 N01 and for seeds PR 37 N01 it is 47.43-48.73 %. Another evaluative criterion is dual sowing of seeds or plants (DRR), it was reached the average value 3.65-2.45 % for angular seeds and the average of 1.54-3.71 % for approximately spherical seeds.

Keywords: maize, sowing machines, attributes of seed, sowing quality, distribution of seed
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The paper reflects the results obtained within the research project VEGA 1/0786/14 "Effect of the environmental aspects of machinery interaction to eliminate the degradation processes in agro technologies of field crops". This work was supported by AgroBioTech Research Centre built in accordance with the project Building 'AgroBioTech' Research Centre ITMS 26220220180.

Prepublished online: February 28, 2018; Published: September 1, 2018  Show citation

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Findura, P., Kriątof, K., Jobbágy, J., Bajus, P., & Malaga-Toboła, U. (2018). Physical Properties of Maize Seed and its Effect on Sowing Quality and Variable Distance of Individual Plants. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 66(1), 35-42. doi: 10.11118/actaun201866010035
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