Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2016, 64(5), 1609-1617 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201664051609
Effect of Saline Environment on Mechanical Properties of Structural Adhesive Bonds
- Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
This study brings new pieces of knowledge about a utilization of an inorganic filler in an area of steel adhesive bonds exposed to a degradation environment. The filler in the form of glass beads with a fraction size 90 ± 20 μm was used within the research. The aim of the research was to evaluate an influence of the degradation environment on a strength of structural two-component epoxy adhesives and a composite material. A preparation of adhesive bonds and a process of testing of the adhesive bonds were in accordance with the modified standard ČSN EN 1465. The degradation environment in a form of 5 % saline solution was used within this experiment. Adhesive bonded testing samples were subjected to a cyclic loading of the saline solution. The adhesive bonds with the filler reached up to 16 % higher adhesive bond strength than the unfilled adhesive bonds. The bonds adhesive bonded with the tested composite adhesive better resisted to the degradation process of ca. 9 %. The cyclic exposure, i.e. dipping of the testing samples into the saline solution and consequent drying significantly decreases the strength of the adhesive bond (up to 67 % in 6 weeks).
Keywords: adhesive bond strength, glass beads, filler, saline solution, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), structural two-component epoxy, steel
Grants and funding:
Supported by Internal grant agency of Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (Research on mechanical properties of multi-component polymer systems during their preparation, processing and application, 2016:31140/1312/3109).
Prepublished online: October 31, 2016; Published: November 1, 2016 Show citation
References
- DOBRÁNSKÝ, J., BARON, P., KOČIŠKO, M., BĚHÁLEK, L. and VOJNOVÁ, E. 2015. Soloving depressions formed during production of plastic molding. Metalurgija, 54(3): 496 - 498.
- DOYLE, G. and PETHRICK, R. A. 2009. Environmental effects on the ageing of epoxy adhesive joinst. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives, 29: 77 - 90. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2008.02.001
Go to original source...
- CIDLINA, J., MÜLLER, M. and VALÁŠEK, P. 2014. Evaluation of Adhesive Bond Strength Depending on Degradation Type and Time. Manufacturing Technology, 14(1): 8 - 12.
Go to original source...
- COMYN, J. 1983. Kinetics and Mechanism of Environmental Attack. Durability of structural adhesives. London: Applied Science.
- COURT, R. S., SUTCLIFFE, M. P. F. and TAVAKOLI S. M. 2001. Ageing of adhesively bonded joints - fracture and failure analysis using video imaging techniques. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives, 21: 455 - 463. DOI: 10.1016/S0143-7496(01)00022-7
Go to original source...
- CROCOMBE, A. D. 1997. Durability modelling concepts and tools for the cohesive environmental degradation of bonded structures. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives, 17(3): 229 - 238. DOI: 10.1016/S0143-7496(97)00008-0
Go to original source...
- ČERNÝ, M. and FILÍPEK, J. 2011. Anodic-Modified anticorrosive coatings. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 59(5): 23 - 30. DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159050023
Go to original source...
- ČERNÝ, M., FILÍPEK, J. and ŠOCH, Z. 2007. Influence of corrosion on the fatigue strength of the weld joint. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 55 (5): 215 - 222. DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755050215
Go to original source...
- FARRAH N.A., MARIATTI, J., SAMAYAMUTTHIRIAN, P. and KHAIRUN, A. M. 2008. Effect of particle shape of silica minerál on the properties of epoxy composites. Composites Science and technology, 68: 346 - 353.
Go to original source...
- GENT, A.N. and PARK, B. 1984. Failure processes in elasomers a tor near a rigid spherical inclusion. Journal of Materials Science, 19(6): 1947 - 1956. DOI: 10.1007/BF00550265
Go to original source...
- CHO, J., JOSHI, M.S. and SUN, C.T., 2006. Effect of inclusion size on mechanical properties of polymeric composites with micro and nano particles. Composite Science and Technology. 66: 1941 - 1952. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.12.028
Go to original source...
- KINLOCH, A. J., 1987. Adhesion and adhesives - science and technology. 1st ed. London: Chapman and Hall.
Go to original source...
- LEIDNER, J. and WOODHAMS, R.T., 1974. The strength of polymeric composites containing spherical fillers. Journal of Applied Polymer, 18(6): 1639 - 1654. DOI: 10.1002/app.1974.070180606
Go to original source...
- MESSLER, R. W. 2004. Joining of materials and structures from pragmatic process to enabling technology. Burlington: Elsevier.
- MÜLLER, M., 2013. Research of liquid contaminants influence on adhesive bond strength applied in agricultural machine construction. Agronomy Research, 11(1): 147 - 154.
- MÜLLER, M. 2014. Setting of causes of adhesive bonds destruction by means of optical analysis. Manufacturing Technology, 14(3): 371 - 375.
Go to original source...
- MÜLLER, M. 2016. Influence of cyclic degradation in saline solution on mechanical properties of adhesive bonds. Manufacturing Technology, 16(1): 204 - 209.
Go to original source...
- MÜLLER, M., CIDLINA, J., DĚDIČOVÁ, K. and KROFOVÁ, A. 2015. Mechanical properties of polymer composite based on aluminium microparticles. Manufacturing Technology, 15(4): 624 - 628.
Go to original source...
- MÜLLER, M. and HERÁK, D. 2013. Application possibilities of adhesive bonds - Europe, Indonesia. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 44(3): 167 - 171. DOI: 10.7160/sab.2013.440307
Go to original source...
- MÜLLER, M., HERÁK, D. and VALÁŠEK, P., 2013. Degradation limits of bonding technology depending on destinations Europe, Indonesia. Tehnicki Vjesnik-Technical Gazette, 20(4): 571 - 575.
- MÜLLER, M., RUŽBARSKÝ, J. and VALÁŠEK, P. 2014. Degradation Process in Area of Connecting Metal Sheets by Adhesive. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 616: 52 - 60. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.616.52
Go to original source...
- MÜLLER, M. and VALÁŠEK, P. 2013. Comparison of variables influence on adhesive bonds strength calculations. Manufacturing Technology, 13(2): 205 - 210.
Go to original source...
- MÜLLER, M. and VALÁŠEK, P. 2012. Degradation medium of agrokomplex - adhesive bonded joints interaction. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 58: 83 - 91. DOI: 10.17221/27/2011-RAE
Go to original source...
- NOVÁK, M. 2012. Surfaces with high precision of roughness after grinding. Manufacturing technology, 12: 66 - 70.
Go to original source...
- PEREIRA, A., REIS, P.N.B., FERREIRA, J.A.M. and ANTUNES, F.V. 2013. Effect of saline environment on mechanical properties of adhesive joints. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 47: 99 - 104. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2013.08.002
Go to original source...
- RAMAZAN, K., MEHMET, S. and BEKIR, Y. 2008. Influence of adhesive thickness and filler content on the mechanical performance of aluminium single-lap joints bonded with aluminium powder filled epoxy adhesive. Journal of materials processing technology, 205: 183 - 189.
Go to original source...
- SÁNCHEZ-SOTO, M., PAGÉS, P., LACORTE, T., BRICENO, K. and CARRASCO, F. 2007. Curing FTIR study and mechanical characterization of glass bead filled trifunctional epoxy composites. Composites Science and Technology, 67(9): 1974 - 1985. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.10.006
Go to original source...
- SHAO-YUN FU, XI-QIAO FENG, BEMD LUKE and YIU-WING MAI 2008. Effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and particle loading on mechanical properties of particulate-polymer composites. Composites: Part B, 39: 933 - 961.
Go to original source...
- SARGENT, J. P. 2005. Durability studies for aerospace applications using peel and wedge tests. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives, 25: 247 - 256. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2004.07.005
Go to original source...
- ÚNMZ. 2009. Adhesives - Determination of tensile lap-shear strength of bonded assemblies. CSN EN 1465. Prague: Úřad pro technickou normalizaci, metrologii a státní zkušebnictví.
- ÚNMZ. 2004. Adhesives - Guide to the selection of standard laboratory ageing conditions for testing bonded joints. CSN EN ISO 9142. Prague: Úřad pro technickou normalizaci, metrologii a státní zkušebnictví.
- ÚNMZ. 1995. Adhesives. Designation of main failure patterns. CSN ISO 10365. Prague: Úřad pro technickou normalizaci, metrologii a státní zkušebnictví.
- ÚNMZ. 1999. Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture. CSN EN ISO 4288. Prague: Úřad pro technickou normalizaci, metrologii a státní zkušebnictví.
- VALÁŠEK, P. 2014. Mechanical properties of epoxy resins filled with waste rubber powder. Manufacturing Technology, 14(4): 632 - 637.
Go to original source...
- VALÁŠEK, P. 2015. Influence of surface treatment of steel adherends on shear strength of filled resins. Manufacturing Technology, 15(3): 468 - 474.
Go to original source...
- VOTAVA, J. 2013. Protection of welded joints against corrosion degradation. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 61(6): 1897 - 1904. DOI: 10.11118/actaun201361061897
Go to original source...
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.