Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2009, 57(1), 165-170 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200957010165

Porovnání bachorové degradovatelnosti škrobu kukuřičného zrna a kukuřičných siláží in vitro metodou

Olga Tománková, Petr Homolka
Výzkumný ústav živočišné výroby, v.v.i., Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha Uhříněves, Česká republika

Cílem práce bylo metodou in vitro stanovit bachorovou degradovatelnost škrobu (IVRDS) u souboru kukuřičných siláží. Soubor zahrnoval tři druhy kukuřičné siláže: (1) siláž z celých rostlin (MS), (2) siláž z kukuřičných palic s listeny (MCS) a (3) siláž kukuřičného zrna (MGS) v porovnání s nesilážovaným kukuřičným zrnem (MG). Obsah škrobu byl stanoven pomocí Bio-la-testu, GLU GOD 250 a vypočten jako 90 % z celkové glukózy. Vysoký obsah škrobu byl kromě MG (682,8 g / kg sušiny (±22,6 s.d.)) u siláží MGS (727,9 g / kg sušiny (±16,9 s.d)) a MCS (522,0 g / kg sušiny (±8,9 s.d.)).
Degradovatelnost škrobu v bachoru (IVRDS) byla vypočítána z hodnot ve zbytcích krmiv (jako reciproká hodnota) po 2, 4, 6, 16 a 24hodinové inkubaci vzorku. Hodnoty IVRDS se pohybují v rozmezí 17,2 ± 4,7 % u siláží po 2 hodinách inkubace. U kukuřičného zrna byla stanovena průměrná hodnota 17,2 ± 3,0 %. V případě 4hodinové inkubace jsou průměrné hodnoty IVRDS se směrodatnou odchylkou u všech siláží 42,5 ± 4,2 % a zrno kukuřice začíná vykazovat zpomalování degradovatelnosti škrobu (32,0 ± 1,0 %), které pokračuje i při 16hodinové inkubaci (84,2 ± 1,7 %) oproti hodnotám IVRDS u siláží (95,8 ± 1,6 %). Po 24hodinové inkubaci jsou rozdíly hodnot IVRDS mezi silážemi (98,7 ± 1,0 %) a zrnem kukuřice (97,4 ± 0,5 %) minimální.
Závěrem lze říci, že silážováním kukuřice se urychluje degradovatelnost škrobu v bachoru. Na rozdíl od kukuřičného zrna hodnoty IVRDS u siláží začínají stoupat již po 4hodinové inkubaci. Po 24 hodinovém inkubačním intervalu se rozdíly mezi kukuřičnými silážemi a kukuřičným zrnem vyrovnávají. Průkazné rozdíly v degradovavatelnosti škrobu jsou mezi testovanými silážemi a kukuřičným zrnem (P < 0,0001) ale mezi silážemi navzájem nebyly zjištěny průkazné rozdíly (P > 0,05).

kukuřičná siláž, kukuřičné zrno, škrob, bachorová degradovatelnost, in vitro metoda

Comparison of ruminal degradability of starch of maize grain and maize silages by in vitro method

The objective of this experiment was to determine the ruminal degradability of starch using the in vitro method. Maize silages from whole plants (MS), maize cob silage prepared by ensiling of the cobs with bracts (MCS), and maize grain silages (MGS) were compared with maize grain (MG). The tested feeds differed in total starch contents. Averaged starch contents with standard deviation values were 343.3 ± 18.7 g/kg for MS; 522.0 ± 8.9 g/kg for MCS; 727.9 ± 16.9 g/kg for MGS; and 682.8 ± 22.6 g/kg dry matter for MG. The in vitro ruminal degradability of starch was determined by the feed incubation period - for 2, 4, 6, 16 and 24 hours. The higher degradation was observed at the 4-h of incubation for maize silage from whole plants (46.6 ± 4.9 %), maize cob silage (41.2 ± 1.6 %) and maize grain silage (39.7 ± 1.4 %) as compared to maize grain (32.0 ± 1.0 %). Enhanced values of the in vitro ruminal degradability of starch continued to increase until the 24-h of incubation, when the differences between silages and maize grain were balanced. A significant difference of the curves of degradability profile was found between silages and maize grain (P < 0.0001) but was not significant between MS, MCS and MGS.

Keywords: maize silage, maize grain, starch, ruminal degradability, in vitro method
Grants and funding:

This research was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic (NAZV, Project No QD 0176, MZe 0002701404 and MZe 0002701403).

Received: October 1, 2008; Published: October 14, 2014  Show citation

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Tománková, O., & Homolka, P. (2009). Comparison of ruminal degradability of starch of maize grain and maize silages by in vitro method. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 57(1), 165-170. doi: 10.11118/actaun200957010165
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