Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2007, 55(5), 147-154 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun200755050147

Hybridizace švestky domácí a meruňky purpurové (Prunus domestica L. x Armeniaca dasycarpa Ehrh.)

Igor Vasilevich Soldatov1, Petr Salaš2
1 Botanical Garden E. Gareev of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, 720064 Bishkek city, Akhunbaeva street 1a., Kyrgyz Republic
2 Ústav šlechtění a množení zahradnických rostlin, Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Valtická 337, 691 44 Lednice, Česká republika

Při hybridizaci švestky domácí a meruňky černé (Prunus domestica L. x Armeniaca dasycarpa Ehrh.) bylo získáno 16 rostlin, z nich bylo 12 identifikováno jako hybridy a odrůda Žibek. U hybridů je pozorován různý stupeň dominance morfologického typu švestky domácí. Znaky meruňky černé se u sedmi hybridů projevují slabě, u zbylých pěti hybridů a odrůdy Žibek je pozorován projev efektu zdvojení genů, vnesených do zygoty neredukovanými mikrosporami meruňky purpurové.
V hybridech se kombinují důležité vlastnosti původních druhů, např. odolnost k abiotickým a biotickým faktorům prostředí, slabý vzrůst, úrodnost, ranost, vysoká kvalita plodů. Získané hybridy jsou velmi zajímavé pro tvorbu nových odrůd švestky domácí, tetraploidních hybridních odrůd meruňky purpurové a meruňky obecné s cennými vlastnostmi švestky domácí.

vzdálená hybridizace, švestka domácí, meruňka, mezidruhové hybridy

Hybridization of domestic prunes with black apricot (Prunus domestica L. x Armeniaca dasycarpa Ehrh.)

Within the framework of hybridization of domestic prunes and black apricots (Prunus domestica L. x Armeniaca dasycarpa Ehrh.) altogether sixteen plants were obtained, of which twelve were identified as hybrids and were kept alive, the same as the variety Jibeck. In hybrids, various degrees of domination of morphological traits of domestic prune were observed. Traits of black apricot were manifested weakly in seven hybrids and in the other five and in the variety Jibeck more perfect, semi dominant. In latter the effect of double set of genes was manifested, which was brought into the zygote by unreduced microspores of the black apricot. Some important properties of unmodified status, such as resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental factors, growth inhibition, yielding capacity, earliness, and high quality of fruit, were combined in these hybrids. The obtained hybrids are very interesting from the viewpoint of selection and breeding of new varieties of domestic prune, obtaining tetraploid and hybrid varieties of black apricot, and breeding and selection of individuals of ordinary apricot with some valuable traits of domestic prune.

Keywords: remote hybridization, domestic prune, black apricot, interspecific hybrids

Received: May 14, 2007; Published: November 26, 2014  Show citation

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Vasilevich Soldatov, I., & Salaš, P. (2007). Hybridization of domestic prunes with black apricot (Prunus domestica L. x Armeniaca dasycarpa Ehrh.). Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 55(5), 147-154. doi: 10.11118/actaun200755050147
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