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The qualitative and quantitative composition of the macrozoobenthos in the middle course of the Dyje River downstream the Znojmo reservoir was carried out in the years 2007 to 2008. Altogether, 118 taxa of macrozoobenthos were determined in the section between localities Tasovice and Dyjákovice. The highest values of macrozoobenthos were found on the stony substrate with mean values of biomass and density corresponding to 25.4 g.m^-2 and 6 033 ind.m^-2, respectively. Lower values were determined on the sandy substrates with 5.8 g.m^-2 and 5 857 ind.m^-2, respectively. The index of saprobity on the locality Tasovice corresponded to betamesosaprobity (Si = 1.70), for the locality Dyjákovice the same index was (Si = 1.80).

In the years 1999 to 2001 in conditions of small-plot field experiments was carried out on loamy degraded chernozems at the Plant Breeding Station of Sládkovičovo-Nový Dvor to solve the problems of topdressing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.), variety Astella, with different forms of nitrogenous fertilizers. Nitrogenous fertilizers were applied at the growth phase of the 6th leaf (Zadoks = 29). Four various forms of fertilizers were exemined: urea solution, DAM-390, DAM-390 + Dumag, DASA. Different weather conditions statistically highly significantly influenced grain yield in respective experimental years. Topdressing with nitrogen (30 kg N.ha^-1) caused statistically highly significant increase of grain yield in all fertilized variants ranging from +0.29 t.ha^-1 (applied of DAM-390) to +0.69 t.ha^-1 (applied of DASA) according to respective treatments. Average grain yield in unfertilized control variant represented 7.23 t.ha^-1. Nitrogen nutrition showed positive effect on the main macroelements offtake (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) by winter wheat grain in all fertilized variants. Nitrogen fertilizing positively influenced formation of wet gluten and crude protein with highest increment in variant with DASA and variant with DAM-390 + Dumag.

Essential oils are aromatic oily liquids obtained from plant material (flowers, buds, seeds, leaves, twigs, bark, herbs, wood, fruits and roots). Besides antibacterial properties, essential oils or their components have been shown to exhibit antiviral, antimycotic, antitoxigenic, antiparasitic, and insecticidal properties. In this experiment the effects of supplementation of the diet for laying hens with thyme and hyssop essential oils on physical and microbiological egg parameters were studied. Hens of laying hybrid ISA Brown (n = 72) were randomly divided at the day of hatching into 3 groups (n = 26) and fed for 41 weeks on diets which differed in kind of essential oil supplemented. In the first experimental group the feed mixture was supplemented with thyme essential oil addition 0.25ml.kg^-1, in the second one got hyssop essential oil the same dose of 0.25ml.kg^-1. The results suggest that the supplementation of thyme essential oil into laying hens diet statistically significantly increased egg albumen weight, egg albumen percentage portion (P < 0.05) and egg yolk colour (9.07^a, 9.47^b, 9.06^a; P < 0.01), compared to the control group and decreased egg yolk percentage ratio. However, the most of qualitative parameters of internal content egg were not with thyme and hyssop essential oils addition significantly influenced. Significant differences in microbiological indicators were found among coliforms bacteria, enterococci, total number count (P < 0.001), lactobacilli and mesophilic sporulating aerobes bacteria (P < 0.05).

The biomass of dry matter (DM) and forage quality of a grass pasture in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands (Czech Republic), situated at an altitude of 553 m a.s.l., was measured in late autumn and in winter in the period from 2000 to 2003. The semi-natural grass pasture was dominated by Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Elytrigia repens, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa spp., Agrostis tenuis and Phleum pratense. Biomass production and forage quality were measured in November, December and January after one preparatory cut in June or two preparatory cuts in June and July, and in June and August. Biomass of DM decreased from November to January and ranged, depending on the year and the number of preparatory cuts, from 0.37-3.13 t ha^-1 in November to 0.15-1.36 t ha^-1 in January. The biomass of DM decreased the later the preparatory cut. Organic matter digestibility decreased from November to January, ranging from 0.448-0.606 in November to 0.352-0.578 in January. A delayed preparatory cut resulted in an increased digestibility. Ergosterol concentration increased with the progressing autumn and winter, ranging from 40-111 mg kg^-1 DM in November to 110-265 mg kg^-1 DM in January. Lower ergosterol concentrations were observed after a late preparatory cut. The results were statistically analysed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. The length of the main use was observed to have a significant effect on biomass of DM, digestibility of organic matter and ergosterol concentration (P < 0.05) in all three years of the investigation.

In 2006, a field trial was established in two localities. The first one was in Lednice (district Břeclav) at the experimental plot of the Department of Breeding and Propagation of Horticultural Plants, the second one in Stařeč (district Třebíč). As model plants, Acer pseudoplatanus and Quercus robur were used. TerraCottem, Agrosil LR and Hydrogel were tested as soil conditioners. Both species were planted in each locality. The plants were planted out on plots with soil conditioners mentioned above in 4 variants (including the Control variant without soil conditioners) and in 3 replications. Physiological parameters of plants were followed in the course of growing season using special equipment, viz. Porometer AP 4 (stomatal conductivity), SunScan AT (PAR) and Chlorophyllmeter CCM 200 (chlorophyll content index - CCI). Morphological parameters (i.e. length of shoots and dry mass of leafs) were measured to the end of the growing season. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using the program Statgraphics Plus. The best results were obtained in the variant with the soil conditioner Hydrogel. The soil conditioners showed a significant effect on both morphological and physiological parameters of experimental plants. Soil conditioners under study eliminated the influence of abiotic stressors on Acer pseudoplatanus and Quercus robur.

Tourism is globally considered to be one of the most prospective and dynamic economic branches. However, with respect to highly competitive environment of tourism it has to be professionally organized and managed. The presented article aims to show possibilities of interconnecting marketing tools with the potential of spatial modelling with the objective of making decision-making processes in tourism easier and more efficient (for companies, clients as well as destination managements). The paper deals with the modification of the customer satisfaction measurement model in tourism with possibilities of spatial modelling tools. In the publication the ECSI model (European Customer Satisfaction Index) is modified for the area of tourism, with respect to the fact that the obtained values of ECSI indexes can be utilized as introductory data for spatial modelling. The potential of the ECSI utilization is seen as a tool for managing decision-making processes in the area of increasing the quality of tourism services by force of a detailed analysis and quantification of customer satisfaction. If we process the date about satisfaction from monitoring CzechTourism, and if we apply the use date on described ESCI model (the part satisfaction), we see, that the visitors are the most satisfaction with helpfulness (interval 73-87 %), namely in South-Bohemian, South-Moravian, and Zlin region, at least in Midle-Bohemian region. Obtaining own data and their following application and evaluation according to the modified ESCI model for all tourist regions will be the part of a follow-up research. The aim will be to summarize recommendations for individual regions in such a way that they have enough information for more successful utilization of their potential for the development of tourism.

The effect of dried yogurt (Kashik) based on Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus on broiler meat crude protein and fat content and tibial bone mineral composition was studied. The birds were fed diets including probiotics only during the first 21 days of age. The trial groups T1, T2 and T3 were supplied with 1, 3 and 5 % Yoghurt, respectively. The control group was fed with a commercial feed mixture. Breast muscules nutrition quality was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) with Kashik up to day 21. The highest difference was 0.25% (C and T3) in crude protein content and 0.15% in crude fat (C and T2). Also, leg muscles crude protein and fat percentages were not affected by probiotics up to day 21 of age. The values varied from 18.76 to 19.24% and from 5.77 to 6.54% respectively. However, significant differences (P < 0.05) in legs' muscles crude protein (19.05 and 19.92% in C and TI group) and fat contents (4.82 and 6.33%) were observed between the T1 and T3 group up to 40 days of age. No significant effects of probiotics were observed on breast muscles mineral content up to 21 days and 40 days of age. Leg muscles mineral contents were not affected with probiotics up to 21 days, whereas up to 40 days only leg muscles P and Mg content was affected (1.80 and 1.61 g.kg^-1 of P in C and T3 group and 0,42 and 0,44 g.kg^-1 in C and T1, in Mg, resp.). There were no significant effects of treatments on tibial bone Ca and Mg contents up to day 21. However, tibial bone P content was significantly affected. The addition of 3 and 5 percents of Kashik increased tibial bone P content significantly (98.5g.kg^-1 in T2, 97.0g.kg^-1 in T3) above the value of the control group (80.5g.kg^-1) up to 21 days of age. There were no significant differences between treatment groups and the control group in tibial bone P and Mg composition at day 40 of age. The values varied from 86.00 to 93.12% in C and T1 in P and 4.10 to 4.23g.kg^-1 in Mg content. Some significant differences were observed between the treatment group which was supplemented with 1% of Kashik and the control group in tibial bone Ca composition at day 40 of age (213.62 and 229.06g.kg^-1, resp.).

Besides agricultural primary production, the food industry and all other branches of the economy /services/ it is the information and communication technology used in retail that is one of the factors that markedly influence food retail. Therefore it is necessary to analyse the effect of electronic transactions that are used by food retail to attract and acquire other target groups of the consumers purchasing food. Though globally the retail companies (for ex. in Great Britain) invest in this technology heavily in order to increase their competitiveness on the market the food e-business in the Czech Republic has been more or less stagnating, though the recent years have been showing slight increase of interest in this form of shopping. This article identifies both the positive and the negative reasons of this situation. The technological level of computer network and its high accessibility proven by the fact that the vast majority of consumers can use internet for purchasing any kind of goods incl. food can be considered the positive reason. On the other hand the poor offer of food presented on the internet by retailers who - for fear of low demand for other kinds of food - focus mainly on beverages and dry food can be considered one of the negatives. The weakest point here is the timely delivery of goods in unchanged quality. Despite these facts the purchasing of food via internet can still serve well for busy or handicapped customers with limited mobility.

Technological quality was studied of wheat flours from three varieties of Triticum aestivum L. (Arida, Meritto, Verita) delivered to the mill for three years (2007-2009). Physico-chemical parameters observed during the purchase of grain (STN 461100-2) were not significantly different. Also milled flours from tested varieties have by processors required ash content, gluten, acceptable Zeleny index, α-amylase activity (falling number), but as the rheological properties of dough from these flours show, these parameters are unsuited enough (un)suitability of material for efficient processing of flour. Rheological evaluation showed that each variety is suitable for different processing direction. Therefore, if we deliberately separate lots of purchased grain, not only by basic physico-chemical properties listed in the current standards (CSN and STN), but also by their rheological properties, which are important and reliable indicator of the direction of the end-use processing of wheat flours, the flours will be more likely to succeed in specific cereal technology. For the production of bread was satisfactory rheological properties of dough from variety Arida. Verita variety is suitable for processing into wafers, and a variety Meritto for producing biscuits and crackers. Verita and Meritto varieties so do not achieved the expected values of the rheological optimum for "classic" bread processing (bakery products) despite satisfactory gluten content and falling number to use this processing direction. Reported results show us the possibilities of more efficient selection of varieties or lots purchased grain of wheat for use in baking and buscuit industry by using rheological evaluation methods. Results were evaluated by analysis of data exploration (Boxplot, scattering graphs), classical nonparametric testing of hypotheses and the distribution of the data (Wilcoxon test, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman, rates central tendency and dispersion).

Groups of fatty acids (FAs) in milk fat can have positive and negative impact on consumer health. Profile of FAs could be influenced by dairy cow nutrition, breed, milk yield level et cetera. The question is what relationships the FAs could have to quality of milk products? Relationships between FAs and their groups to selected milk indicators were studied in Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein cows (64 bulk milk samples). There were 8 herds in 2-year investigation during winter and summer season. The relationship of saturated FAs (SAFA; 66.22%) was significant only to lactose (L) content (0.290; P < 0.05). The relationships of monounsaturated FAs (MUFA; 29.21%) to milk indicators (MIs) were insignificant (P > 0.05). The relationships of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA, beneficial for consumer health; 4.53%) to MIs were narrower: fat (T, 0.321; P < 0.05); lactose (L, 0.458; P < 0.01); milk alcohol stability (AL, 0.447; P < 0.01); titration acidity (SH, 0.342; P < 0.01); cheese curd quality (KV, 0.427; P < 0.01); milk fermentationability (JSH, 0.529; P < 0.001), streptococci count in yoghurt (Strepto, 0.316; P < 0.05); total count of noble bacteria in yoghurt (CPMUK, 0.314; P < 0.05); streptococci/lactobacilly ratio (StreptoLacto, 0.356; P < 0.01). The relationships of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; markedly beneficial for health; 0.68%) to MIs were: T (0.379; P < 0.01); L (-0.542; P < 0.001); AL (0.266; P < 0.05); KV (0.411; P < 0.01); Strepto (0.260; P < 0.05); StreptoLacto (0.270; P < 0.05). The higher CLA levels were connected in this way with: higher fat content; lower lactose content; lower alcohol stability; lower streptococci count in yoghurt; lower streptococci/lactobacilly ratio in yoghurt. The PUFA and CLA representation decreased with L increase. Simultaneously some technological milk properties such as alcohol stability and fermentationability were slightly improved.