Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2017, 65(2), 501-510 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201765020501
The Quantification of the Significance of EATR Determinants: Evidence for EU Countries
- 1 Department of Accounting and Taxes, Faculty of Economics, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Sokolská 33, 702 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- 2 Department of Accounting and Taxes, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 313 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- 3 The Brno International Business School (B.I.B.S.), Lidická 81, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
At present, corporate tax is applied in all EU Member States with the exception of Estonia. Nevertheless, the nominal corporate tax rate does not reflect the real tax burden. For determination of the effective tax burden for corporations, there are used effective corporate tax rates. The aim of the paper is to quantify the relation between the effective average corporate tax rate and nominal corporate tax rates, depreciations, loss compensation and selected investment incentives and to identify the significance of these factors based on the panel analysis. Based on the panel analysis it was found that effective average tax rate is only statistically dependant on nominal corporate tax rate, on tax loss compensation and on the depreciation tax rate of movable property, while in case of other factors, such as depreciation of immovable property, tax holidays and R&D incentives, the dependence is not statistically significant.
Keywords: effective average tax rate, depreciation methods, loss compensation methods, nominal corporate tax rate, investment incentives
Grants and funding:
The paper presents the results of the research within the project SP2016/42: "Vliv zavedení společného konsolidovaného základu daně z příjmů právnických osob (CCCTB) na vybrané ekonomické subjekty v České republice".
Prepublished online: April 30, 2017; Published: May 1, 2017 Show citation
ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver |
References
- ASTERIOU, D. and HALL, S. G. 2007. Applied Econometrics. A Modern Approach using EViews and Microfit: Revised Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- BAKER, L. and McKENZIE, J. 1999. Survey of the Effective Tax Burden in the European Union. Report Commissioned by the Ministry of Finance in the Netherlands. Amsterdam: Ministry of Finance in the Netherlands.
- BALTAGI, B. H. 2005. Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. London: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- CAREY, D. and TCHILINGUITIAN, H. 2000. Average Effective Tax Rates on Capital, Labour and Consumption. OECD Paris Economics Department Working Paper, No. 258. Paris: OECD.
- DENIS, C. et al. 2014. Taxation Trends in the European Union - Data for the EU Member States, Iceland and Norway. Brussels: European Commission.
- DEVEREUX, M. P. and GRIFFITH, R. 1998. Taxes and the Location of Production: Evidence from a Panel of U.S. Multinationals. Journal of Public Economics., 68(3): 335 - 367. DOI: 10.1016/S0047-2727(98)00014-0
Go to original source...
- ELSCHNER, CH. and VANBORREN, W. 2009. Corporate Effective Tax Rates in an Enlarged European Union. European Commission Taxation Papers No. 45. Brussels: European Commission.
- EUROPEAN COMMISSION. 2011. Company Taxation in the Internal Market. COM 582 final. Brussels: European Commission.
- EUROPEAN COMMISSION. 2006. Tax Treatment of Losses in Cross-Border Situations. COM 824 final. Brussels: European Commission.
- FANTINI, M. et al. 2011. Taxation Trends in the European Union - Focus on the Crisis: The Main Impacts on EU tax Systems. Brussels: European Commission.
- FANTINI, M. et al. 2012. Taxation Trends in the European Union - Data for the EU Member States, Iceland and Norway. Brussels: European Commission.
- FINKENZELLER, M. and SPENGEL, C. 2004. Measuring the Effective Levels of Company Taxation in the New Member States: A Quantitative Analysis. European Commission Working paper No. 4/2004. Brussels: European Commission.
- GUPTA, S. and NEWBERRY, K. 2010. Determinants of the Variability in Corporate Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from Longitudinal Data. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy., 16(1): 125 - 152.
Go to original source...
- GUTIÉRREZ, P., eds. 2012. Global Corporate Tax Handbook 2012. Amsterdam: IBFD.
- GUTIÉRREZ, P., eds. 2013. Global Corporate Tax Handbook 2013. Amsterdam: IBFD.
- HALL, R. and JORGENSON, D. W. 1967. Tax Policy and Investment Behaviour. The American Economic Review., 57(3): 391 - 414.
- JAMES, S. and NOBES, C. 2010. The Economics of Taxation. Principles, Policy and Practice. London: Fiscal Publication.
- JANSSEN, B. and BUIJINK, W. 2000. Determinants of the Variability of Corporate Effective Tax Rates (ETRs): Evidence for the Netherlands. Marc Working Paper, No. MARC WP/3/2000 - 08.
- KESTI, J., ed. 1998 - 2010. European Tax Handbook 1998 - 2010. Amsterdam: IBFD.
- KING, M. A. 1974. Taxation and the Cost of Capital. The Review of Economics Studies., 41(1): 21 - 35. DOI: 10.2307/2296396
Go to original source...
- KING, M. A., Fullerton, D. 1984. The Taxation of Income from Capital. The Comparative Study. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Go to original source...
- LAMMERSEN, L. 2002. The Measurement of Effective Tax Rates Common Themes in Business Management and Economics. Mannheim ZEW Discussion Paper No. 02 - 46. ZEW.
Go to original source...
- LUCAS, R. E. 1990. Supply-Side Economics: An Analytical Review. Oxford Economics Papers, 42(2): 293 - 316. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041948
Go to original source...
- MENDOZA, E. G., RAZIN, A. and TESAR, L. 1994. Effective Tax Rates in Macroeconomics: Cross-Country Estimates of Tax Rates on Factor Incomes and Consumption. Journal of Monetary Economics, 34(3): 297 - 323. DOI: 10.1016/0304-3932(94)90021-3
Go to original source...
- MORISSET, J. and PIRNIA, N. 2000. How Tax Policy and Incentives Affect Foreign Direct Investment. The World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2509. The World Bank.
Go to original source...
- MUSGRAVE, R. A. and MUSGRAVE, P. B. 1989. Public Finance in Theory and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- NERUDOVÁ, D. 2014. Harmonization of tax systems in the countries of the European Union [In Czech: Harmonizace daňových systémů zemí Evropské unie]. 4th Ed. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR.
- NICODÉME, G. 2002. Sector and Size Effects on Effective Corporate Taxation. European Commission Economic Paper No. 175. Brussels: European Commission.
- PLESKO, G. A. 2003. An Evaluation of Alternative Measures of Corporate Tax Rates. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 35(2): 201 - 226. DOI: 10.1016/S0165-4101(03)00019-3
Go to original source...
- RAZIN, A. and SADKA, E. 1993. The Economy of Modern Israel: Malaise and Promise. Economic study. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
- SCHELLECKENS, M., ed. 2011. European Tax Handbook 2011. Amsterdam: IBFD.
- STICKNEY, C. and McGEE, V. E. 1982. Effective Corporate Tax Rates: The Effect of Size, Capital Intensity, Leverage and Other Factor. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 1(2): 125 - 152. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-4254(82)80004-5
Go to original source...
- ŠIROKÝ, J., STŘÍLKOVÁ, R. and KRAJŇÁK, M. 2016. Trend, Development, Role and Importance of Corporate Taxes in the EU. Brno: CERM.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.