Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Oldřich Beneš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operation Analysis, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: David Hampel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operation Analysis, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Rationale for Replacement of the Destructive Test by Non-Destructive One in Medical Devices Manufacturing Abstract: Due to expanding demand for the level of testing on one side and reduction of costs on the other side, the question how to replace expensive destructive testing of medical devices without compromising the quality of final product arising urgently. This situation is common within all highly regulated industries - in this article is addressed the problem from medical device manufacturing industry. Based on real data containing testing and validation datasets, logit model and classification tree model are estimated for establishing the relationship between result of destructive test and measurements of explored device. Results point to possibility of replacing destructive test by non-destructive one in our case. Keywords: classification tree model, destructive test, logit model, medical devices manufacturing, non-destructive test Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 967-972 Volume: 68 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068060967 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060967.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060967.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-202006-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2020068060967 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucie Formanová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Accounting and Taxes, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martina Halamová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Accounting and Taxes, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Břetislav Andrlík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Accounting and Taxes, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Utilization of a Local Coefficient for Immovable Property Tax in the Czech Republic Abstract: The paper deals with the issue of using a local coefficient as a tool to increase tax revenues of local government budgets in the Czech Republic. The local coefficient is defined as a corrective element increasing up to five times the immovable property tax that is 100% public budgets of local governments (municipalities) since 2009. As part of the paper, our own questionnaire survey was conducted across municipalities in the Czech Republic with the aim of identifying positive and negative consequences of application or non-application of this tax instrument at the level of local governments. Results of the research clearly demonstrate the use of the local coefficient, despite its potential high budget revenue is not high at all. In 2020, only 10.43% municipalities from all over the Czech Republic applied it. A research survey conducted among municipalities focused on obtaining information on the reasons for the low use of the local coefficient. To this end, two research questions were formulated "Do municipalities have sufficient information on local coefficient issues?" and "May the introduction of a local coefficient result in a loss in the communal elections?" The questionnaire survey showed that 91% municipalities know about their possibility to apply a local coefficient, but do not use it. Moreover, it was found that if the local coefficient is introduced at the right time or handling additional tax revenues of the municipality is transparent, its introduction does not affect the election result of the political party that declared it by a generally valid decree. Keywords: immovable property tax, local coefficient, political cycle, municipal tax revenues Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 973-986 Volume: 68 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068060973 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060973.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060973.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-202006-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2020068060973 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tamara Kocurová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operation Analysis, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: David Hampel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operation Analysis, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Inequality in the Income of the Population as a Determinant of the Country's Economic Growth Abstract: In this article, there is explored the dependence of economic performance and economic growth on income inequality expressed by Gini coefficient and S80/S20 ratio. Analysis is based on data collected upon EU countries in years 2007, 2012 and 2017. Cluster analysis points out to heterogeneity of EU countries in observed characteristics and enables creation of three groups of countries: post-socialistic, southern and northern. Regression analysis, which takes into account groups of countries, was used to assess and illustrate the dependence. The results show that income inequality has a negative impact on the country's GDP per capita, and its impact on economic growth differs for particular groups of countries. Keywords: income inequality, Gini coefficient, GDP, economic growth, EU countries, regression analysis, cluster analysis, S80/S20 ratio Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 987-994 Volume: 68 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068060987 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060987.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060987.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-202006-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2020068060987 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marina Malkina Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Macro and Microeconomics, Institute of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia Author-Name: Rodion Balakin Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Macro and Microeconomics, Institute of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia Title: Risks of Regional Tax Systems and Their Portfolio Decomposition: The Case of Modern Russia Abstract: The purpose of this paper is an assessment of the risk of regional tax systems at different levels of the budget system (consolidated, federal, regional and local), decomposition of this risk by sources (various taxes and tax groups) and the isolation of internal (related to own tax return volatility) and external (related to the correlation of tax returns volatility) risk components. Using the portfolio approach, we measured and decomposed the risk of tax systems of 80 constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2006-2017. As a result, we found a weak positive relationship between the risk and return of the regional tax systems at all budget levels. By comparing the structure of return and risk of regional tax systems, we identified taxes - risk dampers and taxes - risk enhancers, and estimated the overall level of imbalance in regional tax systems at the studied budget levels. It allowed us to conclude about the effectiveness of diversification of regional tax systems, the advisability of combining different taxes in a single portfolio, or transferring them to another level of the budget system. Keywords: Russian tax system, tax return, tax risk, portfolio approach, decomposition, levels of budget system, diversification, imbalance Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 995-1009 Volume: 68 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068060995 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060995.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068060995.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-202006-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2020068060995 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shahriyar Mukhtarov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of World Economy, Baku Engineering University, Hasan Aliyev 120, Khirdalan, Baku AZ0101, Azerbaijan Author-Workplace-Name: UNEC Empirical Research Center, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Istiqlaliyyat Str. 6, Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan Author-Name: Mustafa Mohammad Alalawneh Author-Workplace-Name: School of Economics and Management, Khazar University, 41 Mehseti Str., Baku AZ1096, Azerbaijan Author-Name: Mayis Azizov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of World Economy, Baku Engineering University, Hasan Aliyev 120, Khirdalan, Baku AZ0101, Azerbaijan Author-Name: Farid Jabiyev Author-Workplace-Name: Department of World Economy, Baku Engineering University, Hasan Aliyev 120, Khirdalan, Baku AZ0101, Azerbaijan Title: The Impact of Monetary Policy and Tax Revenues on Foreign Direct Investment Inflows: An Empirical Study on Jordan Abstract: The study examines the impact of monetary policy (proxied by money supply and interest rate) and tax revenue on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Jordan employing time series data period from 1991 to 2017. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), the Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) and the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) methods are applied in empirical estimations. Estimation results reveal that money supply has a positive and statistically significant impact on the FDI while, tax revenue has a negative impact on FDI in Jordan. Also, we find that the impact of interest rate is statistically insignificant.The results of current study are useful for the policymakers to formulate appropraite policies and support the literature for further researches in the case of developing economies. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), monetary policy, tax revenues, VECM, Jordan Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 1011-1018 Volume: 68 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068061011 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068061011.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068061011.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-202006-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2020068061011 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Tejkal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jakub Odehnal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Resources Management, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Michálek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Economic and Political Determinants of Terrorism in Selected European Countries Abstract: In this paper, we aim to assess the connection between terrorist attacks and socioeconomic and political indicators through an empirical study of selected 16 European countries. In order to reduce the dimension of the problem, factor analysis is applied in order to transform the indicator variables into factors. The countries are classified into clusters based on similarity of their economic and political indicator development, using loadings of the indicators onto the factors. For countries in each cluster, the connection of their political and socioeconomic indicators with terrorist attacks is then studied via correlation analysis of the attacks and the aforementioned factors. We propose two hypotheses - the hypothesis of opportunity costs, and the hypothesis of economic deprivation. For countries in each cluster, the hypotheses are examined with the use of correlation analysis. The results indicate that economic development affects the frequency of terrorist attacks in Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Switzerland. Keywords: terrorism, opportunity costs, economic deprivation, factor analysis, correlation analysis Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 1019-1031 Volume: 68 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068061019 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068061019.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun202068061019.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-202006-0010.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2020068061019