Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Famakinwa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Author-Name: Banji Olalere Adisa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Author-Name: Dorcas Lola Alabi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Title: Factors Influencing Role Performance of Community Leaders in Rural Development Activities in Southwestern Nigeria Abstract: The study investigated crucial factors influencing role performance of community leaders in rural development activities (RDAs) in Southwestern Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select the respondents. Primary data were collected from 352 respondents using structure interview schedule while key informants were subjected to in-depth interview. Appropriate descriptive statistical tools were used to summarise quantitative data while content analysis was used for qualitative data. Factor analysis was used to isolate crucial factors influencing role performance. The results showed that majority (78.7 % and 89.2 %) were male and married respectively with a mean age of 51.83 ± 8.91 years. Also, honesty (92.9 %) and individual contributions to RDAs (84.7 %) were the major criteria used for leadership emergence. Protecting the welfare of the community members (mean = 2.42) and community mobilization (mean = 2.28) were the major roles performed. Crucial factors found to be associated with role performance of community leaders in RDAs were household, socio-economic status, bases of influence, institutional support among others. The study concluded that the identified factors were germane to role performance. It was therefore recommended that these identified factors should be considered in selecting people into leadership position to enhance formidable rural leadership structure and sustainable rural development. Keywords: community leaders, factors, leadership emergence, role performance, rural development activities, southwestern Nigeria Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 473-483 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020473 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020473.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020473.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0010.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020473 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vít Chlebovský Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Management, Brno University of Technology, Antonínská 548/1, 601 90 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Repeat Research and Comparison of Czech, Slovak and Swiss Product Innovation Oriented Firms' Communication in Social Media Abstract: The objective of the research described in this article is a repeat analysis and comparison of social media communication channels used in Czech, Slovak and Swiss product innovation-oriented companies, where the Swiss set of companies is used as a benchmark. The research is conducted using the same methodology as previous research described in Chlebovský (2015). The use of the same methodology allows comparison of the both research results and discussion on the development of social media use in marketing communication of production innovation-oriented companies in selected countries.The primary research was carried out by scanning the social media use of the selected companies. European company database Amadeus, provided by Bureau van Dijk, was used for company selection in all three countries under the same search criteria. The set of companies researched covers the highest turnover product innovation-oriented companies. Each particular sample set covered 100 companies from each country. The activity of the selected companies on Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn were observed and particular metrics were scaled. Microsoft Excel was used for storing, statistical processing and graphic outputs of the research. The hypotheses formulated were statistically tested and the results confirmed. In order to confirm or reject normal data distribution, the Anderson-Darling Normality Test was performed through all three sample sets. This test rejected normal data distribution for all three data sets. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was then used to test the hypothesis.Evaluation of the results in comparison with previous research shows an increase in use of social media in communication of Czech and Slovak companies. Hypothesis tests show that Czech product innovation-oriented companies are statistically equal in activity and success in communication through social media compared to the Swiss benchmark. Slovak companies are still behind the Swiss benchmark. Keywords: social media, marketing communication, interactive web communication, marketing communication mix, market orientation, e-marketing, digital media marketing Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 485-492 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020485 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020485.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020485.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0011.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020485 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavla Klepková Vodová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Finance and Accounting, School of Business Administration in Karviná, Silesian University in Opava, Univerzitní nám. 1934/3, 733 40 Karviná, Czech Republic Title: Determinants of Solvency in Selected CEE Banking Sectors: Does Affiliation with the Financial Conglomerate Matter? Abstract: The aim of this paper is to describe the development of bank solvency in six selected Central and Eastern European countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia) and to find out if the share of equity in total assets is influenced by the affiliation of banks with financial conglomerate or if other determinants are more important. The data cover the period from 2011 to 2017. The highest level of capital buffers hold Serbian banks, solvency of Croatian and Slovenian banks is below average. The results of the panel data regression analysis showed that the affiliation of banks with financial conglomerate does not statistically significant affect the simplified solvency ratio in these selected CEE countries. Instead, some bank-specific and macroeconomic factors matter. Especially important is the lagged value of bank solvency. Among other factors, bank profitability and liquidity, quality of its loan portfolio and size of the bank, as well as the economic cycle and price of credit and debt were significant for some countries. Keywords: solvency, financial ratio, panel data regression analysis, commercial banks, financial conglomerates, banking sector, determinants Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 493-501 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020493 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020493.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020493.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0012.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020493 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka Maličká Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Finance, Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia Title: Political Expenditure Cycle at the Municipal Government Level in Slovakia Abstract: The idea of the political budget cycle impact on the public expenditure volume and structure raises discussion related mainly to the national government level. Political decision-making at the sub-national government level emulates certain common tendencies. In the election time, the political incumbent might seek for re-election. In aim to increase its own chances, it might manipulate the budget (or fiscal) policy and makes changes in the field of expenditure categories. In this paper, the existence of political expenditure cycle at the municipal level of government in Slovakia is investigated. The dynamic panel data model using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) system estimator reveals the positive impact of election year variable on per capita municipal expenditure, while the additional pre-election year variable is insignificant. Keywords: political cycle, local government, local expenditures, panel data, generalized method of moments Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 503-513 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020503 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020503.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020503.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0013.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020503 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucia Mihóková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Finance, Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Radovan Dráb Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Banking and Investments, Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Andrea Kralik Author-Workplace-Name: GETRAG FORD Transmissons Slovakia s.r.o., Kechnec, Slovak Republic Title: Determinants of Short-term Fiscal Imbalance: the Role of Tax Evasion as Fiscal Determinant Within European Countries Abstract: The paper refers to important tax evasion consequences in the form of destabilization and countries' fiscal development deteoriation. The main objective of the research is to analyse the selected determinants impact on short-term fiscal imbalance expressed as primary balance with the emphasis on tax evasion. The object of the research is analysed using a panel regression model within four pre-identified clusters during the period of 21 years. The results of the conducted analysis point out that the tax evasion has a significant effect primary balance. They also point out the differences of tax evasion impact, extent and timeing effect on primary balance between clusters. A future analysis with adjusted and modified investigated period, segmentation criteria in the cluster analysis or exogenous variables in the panel regression analysis could provide a different insight into this problem. Keywords: short term fiscal imbalance, primary balance, determinants, tax evasion, panel regression analysis, European Union member countries Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 515-534 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020515 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020515.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020515.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0014.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020515 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markéta Novotná Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Regional Economics and Administration, Institute of Tourism, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Lipová 41a, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Andrea Holešinská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Regional Economics and Administration, Institute of Tourism, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Lipová 41a, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Behaviour of Stakeholders in Different Destination Networks - Three Cases from the Czech Republic Abstract: The research paper gives a detailed understanding of mutual interactions in a different socio-cultural and economic context. The research focuses on network relations established due to the participation in a tourism product. The aim is to identify behaviour of the key stakeholders in destination development from the network perspective in the conditions of three different Czech destinations. The cases represent diverse spatial categories, which can be classified as urban, mountain, and multifunctional region. The applied network analysis provides relevant results to describe cooperative relationships among stakeholders in the selected destinations with a diverse structure and internal relations. The interactions among the stakeholders arise from their mutual trust and willingness to cooperate. Moreover, they are associated with the external environment. The results also highlight the behaviour of the stakeholders from the public sector in initiating cooperative activities. Keywords: destination networking, tourism stakeholders, cooperation, Czech Republic Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 535-544 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020535 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020535.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020535.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0015.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020535 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pedro Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Social and Organizational Sciences, The Santarém Polytechnic Institute, Complexo Andaluz, Apartado 295, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal Author-Name: Jana Turčínková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Human Capital, Innovation and Internationalization of Micro and Small Enterprises in Rural Territory - a Case Study Abstract: This paper investigates the relationship between human capital in micro and small enterprises and their respective behaviors in innovation and internationalization. Based on a case study of interpretative nature, from 2010 till 2012 we collected data about the agri-food complex of Tagus Valley (Portugal) through triangulation of techniques typically used in qualitative research: direct observation (in farms, units of processing, storage and packaging food stuffs and wines, and regulatory and promotional agents); semi-structured interviews with individuals representing the various categories of agents involved, alongside a survey with 110 business agents; and statistical data gathered in the Portuguese Agriculture Census. Survey data were object of descriptive, correlational and regression analyses. Our research provides evidence of firms making use of stable partnerships with intermediary economic agents and promoting organizations and demonstrating how effective are endogenous assets (especially those of non-mercantile nature) to the competitiveness of a rural territory, in the framework of Common Agricultural Policy. In terms of public policies for competitiveness and innovation, according to an institutional view, the state and regional/local governments, research institutions (public or private), higher education institutions and business training centers, sharing a common agenda for endogenous assets valuation, might play a strategic role in an economy strongly built on micro and small enterprises, whose sustainability depends on collaborative networking. Keywords: human capital, innovation, internationalization, agri-food cluster Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 545-563 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020545 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020545.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020545.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0016.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020545 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Remišová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Comenius University in Bratislava, Šafárikovo nám. 6, 814 99 Bratislava 1, Slovakia Author-Name: Anna Lašáková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Comenius University in Bratislava, Šafárikovo nám. 6, 814 99 Bratislava 1, Slovakia Author-Name: Alexandra Bohinská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Comenius University in Bratislava, Šafárikovo nám. 6, 814 99 Bratislava 1, Slovakia Title: Reasons of Unethical Business Practices in Slovakia: The Perspective of Non-Governmental Organizations' Representatives Abstract: After the fall of communism, the first non-governmental organizations (NGOs) were established in Slovakia in the 1990's. Since then, our NGOs have played an important role in promoting business ethics even though it was originally not part of their primary mission. Given that, we held semi-structured interviews with the leaders of nine prominent Slovak NGOs to identify the perceived causes of unethical practices occurring in the Slovak business environment. The results of this qualitative research suggest that our respondents connect the causes of unethical actions in business mainly with the macro-level of society, that is with the way the State with its institutions and authorities operate. Out of ten identified causes of unethical business practices, our respondents assigned five to the macro-level, while they linked three reasons to the mezzo-level with unethical conduct of companies and two to the micro-level with unethical decisions of individuals. Since the government has taken measures to create a more ethical business environment recently, it is now up to companies to realize they hold the joint responsibility for the state of the Slovak society and to concentrate more on what they can do for their part in favor of the development of business ethics. Keywords: business ethics, causes of unethical practices, CEE, ethics, NGOs, Slovakia Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 565-581 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020565 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020565.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020565.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0017.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020565 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Scheuerlein Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Helena Chládková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Linguistic Differences Between Successful and Non-Successful CEOs During the Financial Crisis Abstract: The present study represents an important attempt to explore some of the rhetorical aspects of effective leadership. The main purpose is to investigate possible linguistic differences between 104 effective and non-effective CEOs during the Financial Crisis (years 2008 and 2009) - using language and company performance as predictor variables. The word usage of the top and bottom 25 % of CEOs from the S and P500 within their corresponding letters to shareholders were analysed via the LIWC2015 quantitative content analysis software. The main focus is on the following linguistic markers: use of a) present achievement -, b) present power -, c) present risk -, d) emotionality -, e) present positive work - and f) visionary words. The results revealed that successful and non-successful CEOs use language equally, indicating that both also have the same leadership attributes. Our findings highlight the important role which communication plays in the leadership process, as well as, leadership effectiveness. Keywords: linguistic differences, financial crisis, CEO effectiveness, LIWC2015 Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 583-595 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020583 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020583.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020583.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0018.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020583 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hana Urbancová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Territorial Development of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Division Research - Rural Development, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Mánesova 1453/75, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic Title: Benefits of Age Management in Agribusiness Abstract: The labour market is differentiated by age and the individual's position in it is determined by age. Effective use of all workers' potential should therefore be a key human resource management strategy for all businesses regardless of the sector. One of the measures is taking into consideration the workers' age in agribusiness, i. e. applying age management. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the application of age management and to identify and evaluate its benefits for farming enterprises. The data was obtained by quantitative research at selected agribusinesses in the Czech Republic (n = 259). The research has shown that 25.1 % of the respondents applies age management and its application is influenced by the company size and the number of 50+ employees. Of this 41.5 % of agribusinesses spend 2-5 % of their costs on applying age management. The research has also identified two factors (stabilization and quality of processes) categorizing the benefits resulting from age management. It can therefore be summarised that age management is an opportunity how to effectively utilize human potential of all ages and to maintain and improve company's performance with respect to future demographic trends. Keywords: age management, benefits, agribusiness, Czech Republic, survey Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 597-607 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020597 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020597.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020597.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0019.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020597 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucie Vnoučková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, University of Economics and Management, Nárožní 2600/9a, 158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic Author-Name: Hana Urbancová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Human Resources, University of Economics and Management, Nárožní 2600/9a, 158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic Title: Preferable Course of Study and Learning Support by Business University Students Abstract: Assessment of higher education is a multifaceted and multidimensional concept. Therefore this paper focuses on assessment of preferences by business university students. The aim of this paper is to identify preferable course of study and benefits of business higher education in case private business university. The paper shows how students perceive and evaluate study support by modern information and communication technologies and identifies most important areas of their preferences during studies. The results are based on a quantitative survey by questionnaire data collection from all students of surveyed Business University. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyisis, analysis of differences and factor analysis was conducted to find responses from students regarding their perception of the educational process. The analysis found groups of variables with significant appearance of students' main preferences. The results show orientation of students on benefits of university education mostly in career development (p = 0.000). Prefered curiculum of graduates most importantly contains independent work, significant position at job market and self management. In the area of study support students mostly prefer flexibility and availability of study texts and materials online using mobile applications (Cramer's V = 0.314, p = 0.013). Other significant group of students focus on expert teachers and knowledge and online/mobile consultaions. The results may help to set up students' support in order to address current students' needs and expectations. Keywords: university, assessment, education, student, curriculum, study support, web, impact Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 609-620 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967020609 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020609.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201967020609.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201902-0020.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2019067020609