Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eva Abramuszkinová Pavlíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Law and Social Sciences, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marcela Basovníková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Certification of Corporate Social Responsibility. The Case Study of India Abstract: Corporate social responsibility is in the focus of many companies in recent years. It becomes a way of sustainability for many companies on the market. It expresses a voluntary commitment of companies to behave responsibly to their surroundings within three pillars: economic, social and environmental one. The issue of social responsibility is developing in many European countries and European Commission is aiming at supporting national CSR strategies. CSR activities can be focused on philanthropy, the care of the employees, the environment and transparency of economic activities. This paper describes the certification process for CSR, namely SA8000 and focuses on states with the higest number of certified companies. After European Italy, it is India which is in the centre of attention and specifically with respect to child labor. Keywords: CSR, corporate social responsibility, certification, SA 8000, India, child labor Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 605-611 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040605 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040605.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040605.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040605 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Břetislav Andrlík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Accounting and Taxes, Mendel univerzity in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Carbon Dioxide Emissions as an Indicator of Reduction of Negative Externalities Related to Road Motor Vehicle Operation Abstract: This contribution deals with issues of carbon dioxide emissions generated by road motor vehicles in the Czech Republic and the European Union. We discuss the current need for the introduction of environmental features to the system of taxation of motor vehicles, aiming at the mitigation of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere. The most harmful substance produced during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels by motor vehicles is CO2, whose emissions are subsequently used as an instrument for green tax reforms in the European Union member states.In this article we define the main EU legal standards regulating harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere as a result of road motor transport. We may cite for instance the Regulation (EC) No. 443/2009 setting CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars. The aim of the European Union is to reduce average emission values of new passenger cars sold in the EU to 130 g CO2/km by 2015 and to 95 g CO2/km by 2020. Assessment of tax on motor vehicles according to CO2 emissions shall help fulfil commitments from the Kyoto Protocol, aiming at the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Keywords: CO2 emissions, road vehicle, negative externality, European Union Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 613-621 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040613 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040613.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040613.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040613 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Břetislav Andrlík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Accounting and Taxes, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Vrtalová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Finance and Accounting, Private College of Economic Studies in Znojmo, Loucká 656/21, 669 02 Znojmo, Czech Republic Title: Loss in Public Budget from Sportsmen's Employment in the Czech Republic Abstract: The article deals with issues of taxation of sportsmen in the Czech Republic. Categories of sportsmen are defined in the theoretical introduction, divided into amateurs, semi-professionals and professionals. These categories are then linked to specific sections of Act on Income Taxes, which are applicable to the taxation of sports activity. The theoretical part is followed with quantification of income tax, social security and health insurance, using a model example with various levels of taxable incomes. All the calculations apply both to the situation where the sportsman assumes the position of an employee, i.e. he has an employment contract, and where he is a self-employed person. Tax incidence on various groups of people involved as well as effects on the public budget are measured within the defined categories. In the context of the public budget we work with the concept of tax evasion which arises from the utilization of one or the other form of relationship between the sports club and the sportsman.The model example is followed with concrete measurements of tax evasion in football in the Czech Republic. We work with specific publicly available data concerning taxable incomes of professional football players in the top Czech football competition - Gambrinus liga. In conclusion, the interdependence of defined quantities is measured using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Keywords: sportsman, employee, self-employed person, tax evasion Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 623-632 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040623 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040623.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040623.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040623 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roman Asatryan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Mostní 5139, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic Author-Name: Olga Březinová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Mostní 5139, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic Title: Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance in the Airline Industry in Central and Eastern Europe Abstract: This paper contributes to the knowledge on corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives of by businesses and its ability to influence their financial performance. Consequently, the main objective is to examine the relationship between CSR and financial performance in the airline industry in Central and Eastern Europe. The paper does not attempt to establish causality between CŚR and financial performance. The paper attempts to contribute to the existing knowledge in the field by examining the extent to which CSR relates to financial performance of airline firms. A sample of 20 audited financial statements of airline firms were selected randomly. The study analyzed the impact of CSR activities on the financial performance of firms. The Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA) were used as indicators to measure financial performance of firms whiles the independent variables were Community Performance (CP), Environment Management System (EMS) and Employee Relations (ER). The study found that there is a significant positive relationship between CSR initiatives and financial performance measures. More specifically, there was found to be a positive relationship between the independent variables of CSR thus, CP, EMS and ER and the financial performance of airline firms in terms of the ROE and ROA. Keywords: Airline industry, Corporate Social Responsibility, Financial Performance Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 633-639 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040633 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040633.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040633.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040633 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hana Doležalová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Trade and Tourism, Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kamil Pícha Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Trade and Tourism, Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Navrátil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biological Disciplines, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Aneta Bezemková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Trade and Tourism, Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentská 13, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Factors That Influence the Selling of Milk Through Milk Vending Machines Abstract: The aim of this paper is to assess the current situation in the sale of milk through vending machines in the context of the previous period of the decline in milk consumption, the transition of the Czech Republic towards the market economy, the transformation of agriculture, the entry into the EU and the concentration in the milk market and to define the basic motivational factors and barriers of the development of this distribution path. Technical problems with sales, intent to diversify milk selling and aiming the high profitability of the sale are the reasons for operating vending machines that are correlated with the share of this selling channel on producers' total sales of milk. Vending machines are inhibited by misinformation from state authorities; other problems are weak support by media and low consumer awareness. The expectations of the operators concerning the development of the situation of the milk vending machines are rather optimistic: 36% of them expect an increase in sales, 48% expect the stagnation and only 16% expect the decrease. Keywords: sale of milk, milk vending machines, buying price, expectation Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 641-650 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040641 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040641.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040641.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040641 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ekaterina Khitilova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management and Marketing, Moravian University College Olomouc, tř. Kosmonautů 1, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marie Jurová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Management, Faculty of Business and Management, Brno University of Technology, Kolejní 4, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Assessing the Status of Purchase in the Value Chain Abstract: The present paper is concerned with the following questions: what are the advantages and disadvantages of the method of complex evaluation (MCE) scoring model as compared with that designed by Tomek. Both scoring models are compared (MCE and Tomek) presenting the results using a simple illustrative case study. The criteria for evaluating the scoring model variants include: the amount of information necessary, level of difficulty, details of the results, the object comparison. A single illustrative case study is used. This paper is concerned with presenting the scoring model for evaluating the existing suppliers in the first instance for production enterprises. Other existing scoring-models aren't present and compare.This paper aims to compare the scoring model by Tomek and that of the method of complex evaluation (MCE) by Chytilova. Other scientific aim of this paper consists in the description of business conditions which MCE is suitable.The result of this paper is the description of differences in evaluation processes between two scoring-models (by Tomek and MCE) presenting the advantages and disadvantages of MCE. The comparison of the scoring model variants focuses on formulating the conditions of business under which MCE is more suitable than the scoring-model by Tomek.This paper is concentrates on middle-sized production enterprises. It is oriented towards the evaluation of suppliers in the first instance. It only compares the supplier evaluation processes used by the enterprises. For illustration purposes data from enterprise managements are used. Only the existing suppliers are evaluated in this paper. Keywords: existing suppliers' evaluation, value chain, scoring-model, supply chain management, production enterprise, supplier in the first instance Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 651-658 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040651 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040651.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040651.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040651 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Kramoliš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martina Kopečková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic Title: Characteristics of an Insert Product Placement as a Part of Marketing Communication Abstract: The paper defined saturation of an insert product placement as a part of marketing communication. Product placement is known as a modern tool of marketing communication and so that product placement and its types and forms are not so casual used in the Czech Republic as in other parts of the world. The mentioned issues are explained from the perspectives of three groups: TV studios experts, directors and producers and other experts (media agencies and advertisers). Types and forms of this marketing communication tool as well as options of its utilization are also mentioned in the paper.The Czech Republic market where product placement occurs is very small - only few television companies. The primary aim of the paper is to identify the intensity of two essential areas expressing product placement using - natural (non-invasive) insert and contrived (invasive) insert. Moreover, conflicting interests of the interested parties (advertiser - ordering party, producer and television) are observed in the paper too. The last issue discussed in this paper is to what extent the degree of product placement implementation can affect the script and what impact on quality and specifics of an audiovisual work can this script modification have. Keywords: product placement, embedded marketing, multimedia communication, audiovisual market, The Czech Republic, intervention in an audiovisual work, television commercials Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 659-666 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040659 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040659.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040659.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040659 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lea Kubíčková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Limits of I-models Principles Application on Czech SMEs' Internationalization Process Abstract: Internationalization process of small and medium sized enterprises is examined often in an effort to get detailed description of particular stages of this process. There are many authors who deal with the internationalization process theories. The most popular theory is so-called Uppsala Model (Johanson, Vahlne, 1977). Very popular is also a group of models based on theory of innovations, called I-models (Bilkey, Tesar, 1977). These models are based on the idea that the process of internationalization is gradual, sequential process built on innovative decisions relating to new company's needs, possibilities or new resources. The aim of this paper is to apply I-models principles on the internationalization process of Czech SMEs. There were processed data from the survey conducted in 2009-2012. The data were obtained from 385 Czech SMEs operating in the field of engineering, constructing, wood processing industry, food industry and viticulture. To apply the basic principles of the I-models to internationalization process of Czech SMEs it was necessary to determine if there are so-called Born Globals which deny the I-model's internationalization theories. It was necessary to examine motives of internationalization of Czech SMEs, to prove dependency between the number of years on the market and proactivity/reactivity of the motives for entering foreign markets. Processing obtained data did not enable to unequivocally confirm that the basic principles forming a keystone of the I-models are functional in the internationalization process of Czech SMEs. Keywords: I-models, limits, application, SMEs, internationalization process, internationalization Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 667-676 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040667 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040667.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040667.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040667 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zdeněk Motlíček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Dana Martinovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Impact of Working Capital Management on Sales of Enterprises Focusing on the Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment in the Czech Republic Abstract: A method of managing working capital significantly affects the performance of enterprises. It is be possible to assume that this influence might vary with the sector and economic cycle. The paper presents an empirical research which aims to identify individual links between working capital and company's sales. The results indicate a relatively strong positive correlation of these variables or their individual components. Findings complement the gap in the literature written by both Czech and abroad authors since the issue is not widely discussed. The research presented in this paper was carried out on medium-sized enterprises located in the Czech Republic and dealing with the manufacture of machinery and other equipment. Keywords: working capital, sales, GDP, aggressive management policy, conservative management policy, enterprise, inventories, receivables Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 677-684 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040677 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040677.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040677.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040677 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ladislav Pilař Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jitka Pokorná Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tereza Balcarová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic Title: Pro-active Behaviour in Context of Team Climate Abstract: Employees are considered to be the main source of creativity, innovation, change and development of the enterprise, which can be considered as key success factors. However, if the company climate does not encourage employee activity, development may slow or stagnate. This article focuses on the possibility of prediction of personal initiative and employee silence based on quantification of the team climate. Relationships between constructs (1) "Team climate" and (2) "Pro-active Behaviour" are evaluated on the basis of Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis. All factors of the construct "Team climate": (T1) Future olrientation, (T2) Peer support of change, (T3) Team Vision and (T4) Regular Contact, have a significant impact on the factors of the construct "Pro-active Behaviour": (P1) Initiative and a negative impact on (P2) Defence silence. No statistically significant effect in relation to the factors (P3) Loyalty and (P4) Stagnation was identified. The effects, in relation to the initiative of the employees were identified in the interval r = |0.305| - |0.488|. The factor of Defence silence of employees effects "Team climate" factors in the interval r = |0.329| - |0.550|. In both cases this concerns medium dependence. The research results can be used to quantify the quality of team climate in order to enhance the individuals' long-term initiative and organisational effectiveness. This knowledge serves managers as the basis for leadership and development of pro-active behaviour of team members. Keywords: Team climate, Initiative, Employee Silence, Defence Silence, Loyalty, Stagnation, Pro-active Behaviour Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 685-695 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040685 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040685.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040685.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0010.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040685 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stanislav Sendek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Efficiency Evaluation of Hospitals in the Environment of the Slovak Republic Abstract: The paper applies the Data Envelopment Analysis as a deterministic non-parametric method based on the linear programming, to measure the efficiency of Slovak hospitals based on input and output performance. Managing physician or hospital practice patterns is an important tool to reduce health care costs. State-run hospitals, as decision-making units working in an operating healthcare system of the country, might have some excess resources in the process of providing care. It is also e-health tools which might contribute to the cost containment in them, enhancing finally the quality of patient care in the overall assessment. Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis, radial BCC model, e-health, input-output analysis, hospital efficiency assessment, decreasing returns to scale Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 697-706 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040697 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040697.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040697.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0011.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040697 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stanislav Sendek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Risk - Cash-flow Evaluation of the E-Health Implementation Project in the Slovak Republic Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present a risk-cash flow evaluation of the E-Health/Health-IT implementation project in the Slovak Republic. The paper is focused on the economic modelling in the E-Health environment. The costs of E-Health implementation in Slovakia, as demonstrated by foreign examples and studies, are expected to be overrun by cumulated benefits in medium to long term.The processes in the investment activities are characterized by different alternative cost and/or benefit entries in terms of financial inputs and outputs. Four computer simulations based on the Latin Hypercube sampling method are applied to evaluate potential financial effects of events with a respective likelihood of occurrence. Based on the E-Health cost-benefit analysis (CBA), the probability distributions of the Net Present Value (NPV), as one of the basic indicators of measuring the investment efficiency, will be simulated, calculated and discussed. A successful development and implementation of electronic healthcare services are subject to an effective application of robust investments which cover these activities. The paper proves the idea of a seamless project implementation as a precondition for ensuring the health IT project's sustainability and profitability in the long term. Keywords: E-Health, Cost-Benefit Analysis, simulated evaluation, Latin Hypercube sampling method, Net Present Value Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 707-718 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040707 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040707.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040707.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0012.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040707 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Schüller Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management and Department of Informatics, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Business and Management, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vít Chlebovský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management and Department of Informatics, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Business and Management, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Karel Doubravský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management and Department of Informatics, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Business and Management, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Chalupský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management and Department of Informatics, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Business and Management, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: The Conceptual Scheme for Managing University Stakeholders' Satisfaction Abstract: Universities have to face many changes in the sector of higher education caused by the current dynamic development in this sector. With the decline in state support, increased competition and unfavourable demographic progress, universities are forced to establish and improve their relationships with new and existing stakeholders. Research on relationships among universities and stakeholders has historically focused on the different factors and their influence on improving stakeholder satisfaction with the quality of university services and on strengthening cooperation. Some studies are focused on stakeholders' classification according to their importance for higher education institutions. However, there are fewer scientific studies which concentrate on the intricacies of managing stakeholder satisfaction according to key areas of Universities. This study aims to design a conceptual scheme for managing stakeholder satisfaction depending on the importance of stakeholders in the key fields of Universities. The research was done in three steps. As the first stage, university stakeholders were identified via interview. In the second stage, the following key fields relating to university activities were identified via focus group - education, science and research, premises and technology. In the third stage, the importance of the particular stakeholders was identified for the fields mentioned in the stage two. In order to gain the necessary information, a set interview method was chosen. Native students were identified as the most important stakeholder for the field - education, academic staff as the most important for the field - research and development and enterprises as the most important stakeholder for the field - premises and equipment. The results of the research conducted provided the authors with a convenient base for formulating the conceptual scheme for managing stakeholder universities' satisfaction. Keywords: universities, stakeholders, satisfaction, management, importance Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 719-727 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040719 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040719.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040719.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0013.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040719 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luboš Smutka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Karel Tomšík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic Title: GDP Structure and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Countries Abstract: Africa belongs to important regions of the world economy with specific problems distinguishing this part of the world from other regions. The region is suffering because of limited economy structure and high level of poverty. Low economic performance ranks most of African countries among the worldwide poorest ones (both from the point of view of total economy performance and also individuals living standards); the development is hindered by political instability and also by other accompanied problems as high level of corruption, deficit of democracy, low level of education, limited investments, criminality, local conflicts, civil wars etc. On the other hand, African natural, economy and social resources and unexploited opportunities in many areas offer a potential for a considerable economic development. Understanding the current economic position of African states thus may reveal causes of problematic development and outline ways to overcome existing shortcomings. The aim of the paper is to analyze main changes in area of GDP structure formation (agricultural, industrial and services sector share in GDP and value performance) which have occurred in selected African (Sub-Saharan) countries. Changes are analyzed both in relation to the total GDP and GDP per capita. The authors identify main trends of economic development in the Sub-Saharan region and to specify differences among Sub-Saharan countries with the intention to identify particular groups of African countries according to their economic structure and to identify differences in their GDP formation. Keywords: Africa, gross domestic product, structure, value, relationship, sensitivity, services, industry, agriculture Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 729-747 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040729 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040729.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040729.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0014.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040729 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radoslav Škapa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Corporate Economy, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Lipová 41a, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Formalized Planning and Its Connection With the Development of Reverse Logistics: the Case of Services Abstract: The best-in-class companies are able to retrieve 64 per cent of the original value of reverse flows, whereas it is only 12.5 per cent in average companies. Thus, reverse logistics is a challenge that may bring additional benefits. The article analyzes the planning range of reverse logistics in the Czech service companies, and it further notes the relations between planning and other characteristics of a company. Our results indicate that the ability to recognize different connections of reverse flows in business (opportunities, threats as well as strengths and weaknesses) is one of the important factors that affect the advancement of reverse logistics in companies. Keywords: planning, formalization, performance, reverse logistics, services, empirical research Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 749-755 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040749 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040749.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040749.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0015.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040749 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Šťastný Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Informatics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Richter Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Automation and Computer Science, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Šťastný Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Automation and Computer Science, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Using Neural Networks for Determining Velocity Vectors of Air Flow Visualized by Helium Bubbles Abstract: One of the important characteristics of air flow is the velocity of flow. To determine the speed, in addition to other methods, we also use the helium bubbles seeding visualization method, when bubbles are injected into the air stream so that the air flow is obvious to the eye. If a video of such flow is taken, it is possible to determine velocity vectors in a pair of consecutive frames of this video footage, derived from the change in position of individual bubbles.This article describes a method of monitoring the bubbles in consecutive video frames. During this process, helium bubbles are detected in the first image of the pair, either by a firmly defined procedure, or with the use of a neural network. For detected bubbles, the velocity vectors are determined according to the way in which they move, therefore, according to their location in the following frame. Another neural network then determines the velocity vector at any point of image, which will be implemented in the construction of vector maps for the first image. A vector map is used for comprehensive evaluation of air flow and thus, plays an important role in the development of ventilation and air conditioning systems. Keywords: Helium bubbles seeding, air jet velocity, Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network, recognition, vector approximation, Particle Image Velocimetry, vector map Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 757-768 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040757 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040757.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040757.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0016.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040757 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Oldřich Trenz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Informatics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Milan Sepši Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Internal Cardiology Medicine - Institutions Shared with the Faculty Hospital in Brno - Institutions of Adult Age Medicine - Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University in Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Konečný Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Informatics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Neural Network for Determining Risk Rate of Post-Heart Stroke Patients Abstract: The ischemic heart disease presents an important health problem that affects a great part of the population and is the cause of one third of all deaths in the Czech Republic. The availability of data describing the patients' prognosis enables their further analysis, with the aim of lowering the patients' risk, by proposing optimum treatment. The main reason for creating the neural network model is not only to automate the process of establishing the risk rate of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease, but also to adapt it for practical use in clinical conditions. Our aim is to identify especially the specific group of risk-rate patients whose well-timed preventive care can improve the quality and prolong the length of their lives.The aim of the paper is to propose a patient-parameter structure, using which we could create a suitable model based on a self-taught neural network. The emphasis is placed on identifying key descriptive parameters (in the form of a reduction of the available descriptive parameters) that are crucial for identifying the required patients, and simultaneously to achieve a portability of the model among individual clinical workplaces (availability of parameters). Keywords: self-learning neural network, risk stratification, myocardial infarction Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 769-776 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040769 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040769.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040769.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0017.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040769 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Vavřina Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Dana Martinovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Economic Performance of SME Agricultural Producers in the Context of Risk Management: Focus on Visegrad 4 Member Countries Abstract: The long term regulation of the EU agrarian sector via the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and its respective instruments focuses on the sustainable development both of the agriculture and rural area as a whole. It is needed above all to stress out the equalization instruments of CAP within the context of negative impacts' diminish of outer sectorial environment in relation with the economic status of agricultural businesses, specifically the small and medium ones. The EU programming period of years 2014-2020 is focused from the view point of the agrarian sector on more efficient CAP to encourage the competitiveness of European farmers. The aforementioned programming period is for agricultural producers from V4 countries the first one when CAP guarantees the maximum amount of operational subsidies for them, of course regarding the respective agreed EU accession treaties. Nevertheless, CAP subsidies cannot be considered to be the key factor of competitiveness within EU single market. The relation between long term increasing of production's inputs on one hand and the decreasing of agricultural producers' prices on the other one can be marked as very important negative aspect within the need of farmers' sustainable competitiveness.So, the direct consequence of a negative influence of aforementioned factor is the subsequent negative direct influence on profitability of agricultural producers. The need for increasing the efficiency of production, marketing and other related processing activities appears to be relevant and inevitable. The business processes are repeated cyclically, that is why there is emerged the need for its systematic and continuous management, measurement, assessment and subsequent changes and optimization. The management of risks has to be involved in the business activities of agricultural businesses regardless their economic size and branch, taking into account possible negative influences.The article aims at identification of instruments for measuring the sustainable economic performance of agricultural businesses via management of risks using secondary economic data. Subsequently, there are defined factors influencing the economic performance of SME agricultural producers settled in the V4 countries using the economic analysis. There are utilized secondary data of Eurostat and official EU documents. Keywords: agri-business, agriculture, economic performance, factors of production, risk management, standard output of agricultural production Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 777-782 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040777 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040777.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040777.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0018.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040777 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martina Zámková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematics, College of Polytechnics Jihlava, Tolstého 16, 586 01 Jihlava, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operation Analysis, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Prokop Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematics, College of Polytechnics Jihlava, Tolstého 16, 586 01 Jihlava, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of Consumer Behavior of Slovaks and Czechs in the Market of Organic Products by Using Correspondence Analysis Abstract: This article aims to collect information related to organic farming. It also deals with the assessment and comparison of shopping behaviour in the organic food market in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Respondents from the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were addressed within the marketing research - survey and potential factors that could affect young people when buying organic products were formulated. There were also established recommendations to retailers of organic products on how to promote the sales of this item to the young generation of Czechs and Slovaks.For statistical data processing we used correspondence analysis and contingency tables analysis. Correspondence analysis is a multivariate statistical technique. The graphical representation of results from correspondence analysis is commonly done with so-called symmetric maps. Based on the results the target groups for marketing strategy were identified and proposals to increase the frequency of buying organic food were formulated.It has been proven in the Czech and the Slovak Republic that there is a negligible amount of young respondents who buy organic food regularly (less than 8%), and therefore it is necessary to change the existing marketing strategy and support the sale of this item. Keywords: organic products, shopping patterns, marketing research, contingency tables, correspondence analysis, dependence analysis, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 783-795 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040783 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040783.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040783.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0019.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040783 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivana Lampartová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Schneider Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmentalistic and Natural Resouces, Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Title: Possibilities of Evaluation of the Recreational Potential of Close to Nature Watercourses Abstract: Creation of close-to-nature river beds is one of the results of watercourses revitalization. Watercourses are segments in the country increasing its recreational potential.The recreational potential of watercourses contributes to rich diversity of animal and plant species. They are well-preserved natural environment with a different atmosphere and an interesting psychological effect. The current goal of revitalization measures in the landscape primarily consists of the optimization of landscape water regime, incl. flood control measures and the promotion of biodiversity, but the current philosophy speaks of multifunctional land usage. However, the revitalization is currently underappreciated in the Czech Republic and it is important to increase the recreational potential of the landscape. The subject of this article is evaluation of close to nature watercources from the point of view of recreation potential. The example locality of close to nature watercourse is part of Váh river near Iľava city. In this area some elements of recreational potential by the proposed methodology are discussed. Two river courses make a possible comparison between a technical canal and a modified one, but close-to-nature water course with all parameters of river phenomenon. Properties of nature and close-to-nature watercourses could be an inspiration for repairing(modifying, adjusting) river stretches within urban space. Keywords: close to nature watercourses, recreational value, evaluation methodology Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 799-809 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040799 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040799.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040799.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0020.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040799 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eva Šimková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Social Pathology and Sociology, Faculty of Education, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Title: Analysis of Tourism and Agrotourism Management in the Czech Republic and Austria Abstract: The paper discusses the importance of rural tourism and sustainable rural areas development. It highlights the role of tourism in dealing with problems of rural areas and agriculture sector in the Czech Republic. After theoretical description of a system approach to rural tourism development, the author continues by a practical part where she compares tourism and agrotourism management in the Czech Republic and Austria. Austria has been chosen as a representative of a state with developed tourism system and tourism management. Selected aspects of management systems are then compared and proposed for improvement in tourism/agrotourism. Critical key factor for successful development of activities in rural areas (therefore including agrotourism services) are then presented. Keywords: rural areas, management system, rural tourism, agrotourism, partnership Journal: Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis Pages: 811-824 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462040811 File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040811.html File-Format: text/html File-URL: http://acta.mendelu.cz/doi/10.11118/actaun201462040811.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf X-File-Ref: http://acta.mendelu.cz/RePEc/mup/references/acu-201404-0021.txt Handle: RePEc:mup:actaun:actaun_2014062040811